发布时间 : 星期一 文章国际交流英语视听说4 U4 听力原文及翻译更新完毕开始阅读03be89b51eb91a37f0115cd3
Listening 2
A Study Group Discussion
Jose: So, are you all ready to review for the test? Matt: Yes. Amina: Sure.
Jose: What should we review first?
Amina: I think we should start with the chapter on Native Americans. There is a lot of information in that chapter. Lauren: Oh, definitely.
Jose: OK. So what do you think were the most important facts from that chapter?
Matt: Well, I found the whole chapter interesting. You know, when I was growing up, we didn’t learn much about Native Americans in school.
Amina: Me, neither. I had no idea that there are more than 300 Native American reservations in the United States, did you? Jose: No, I definitely didn’t. And I wasn’t aware that the reservations only make up two percent of the total land area of the United States. I thought it was a lot more. Matt: Really?
Lauren: Well, just think, that’s only a small portion of the land they used to have. Jose: Yes. And it seems that the land is very important to them. It’s a big part of their culture and traditions.
Amina: Right. Native Americans believe in living in harmony with the land, the plants, and the animals. They have a lot of knowledge about these things.
Jose: I think the chapter said that nature was part of their traditions and their religion, too. Matt: Uh-huh. And then the federal government took away their land.
Amina: And they were forced to adopt American traditions and language. It must have been very hard for them.
Matt: What did Professor Hawkins say about the reservation lands? That most of them are west of the Mississippi River?
Lauren: Yeah, and he highlighted the fact that the land in a lot of reservations is really dry and not suitable for agriculture. For a long time, the people who lived there lived in bad economic conditions.
Jose: I didn’t realize that. So, when did things begin to get better?
Amina: I think Professor Hawkins said it was around 1970 when the federal government—or the Supreme Court, maybe—granted Native Americans the right to run various businesses on their reservations.
Matt: Right, and the money from their businesses has enabled them to improve their lands and undertake other big projects. The chapter mentioned a good example—the InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness area.
Amina: Where’s that place again?
Lauren: Um, it’s on the coast north of San Francisco, California.
Matt: Exactly. It was founded in 1997 by a group of Native Americans who want the land to be as wild as possible. There’s very limited access to the area. There aren’t even any roads going through it.
Amina: I wonder why.
Matt: Well, they want to save the land for traditional cultural uses. Our book said that from the perspective of the people who live there, the coast and the redwood forests are sacred. That’s where they gather food and medicine and hold their religious ceremonies.
Lauren: There’s another example I know about. A Native American group down in Florida—um, the Seminole people—are using their money to restore part of the Big Cypress Swamp, a place that’s sacred to their people. They’re bringing back animals that used to live there, and they’re removing plants that weren’t there at the time of their ancestors. Jose: That’s neat! It’s great that they’re trying to protect and regain some of their old traditions. Amina: Yes, that’s an awesome objective. I hope they’re successful. Matt: Me, too. That seems like a good review of this chapter, right? Lauren: Yes, that covers everything. Let’s move on to the next topic.
一个研究小组讨论
何塞:那么,你们准备做考试前的复习吗? 马特:是的。 阿米娜:当然。
何塞:我们应该先复习吗?
阿米娜:我认为我们应该从这一章开始印第安人。在这一章有很多信息。 Lauren:哦,当然。
何塞:好的。所以你认为是最重要的事实从这一章?
马特:嗯,我发现整个章有趣。你知道,在我成长的过程中,我们在学校没有学到很多关于印第安人。
阿米娜:我,没有。我不知道有超过300印第安人保留在美国,是吗?
荷西:不,我绝对没有。我不知道预订只占美国总土地面积的百分之二。我认为这是一个很多。 麦特:真的吗?
劳伦:嗯,只是觉得,这只是一小部分他们曾经拥有的土地。
何塞:是的。,似乎是非常重要的。这是一个很大的文化和传统的一部分。
阿米娜:没错。印第安人相信生活在和谐与土地、植物、动物。他们对这些事情有很多知识。 何塞:我认为这一章说,自然是他们的传统和宗教信仰的一部分,。 马特:嗯。然后是联邦政府拿走了他们的土地。
阿米娜,他们被迫采用美国传统和语言。它一定是非常困难的。
马特:保留区霍金斯教授说什么了呢?,他们中的大多数是密西西比河以西的吗?
劳伦:是的,他强调,土地在很多预订很干,不适合农业。很长一段时间,住在那里的人生活在糟糕的经济条件。
何塞:我不知道。所以,当情况好转了吗?
阿米娜:我认为霍金斯教授说,这是在1970年,联邦政府或最高法院,maybe-granted原住民权利运行各种企业保留。
马特:对的,从他们的业务使他们提高他们的土地和其他大型项目。本章提到的部族间的看不惯一个好的Sinkyone荒野地区。 阿米娜:那地方在哪儿吗?
劳伦:嗯,它在北部海岸的旧金山,加利福尼亚。
马特:没错。它成立于1997年,由一群土著美国人想要土地尽可能野生。有非常有限的访问该地区。甚至没有任何道路 通过它。
阿米娜:我想知道为什么。
马特:嗯,他们想保存传统文化的土地用途。我们的书说,住在那里的人的角度来看,海岸和红杉森林是神圣的。这是他们收集食物和药品和举行宗教仪式。
劳伦:我知道另一个例子。一群印第安人Florida-um,塞米诺尔)使用他们的钱来恢复大柏树沼泽的一部分,一个神圣的地方他们的人。他们带回动物住在那里,他们把植物没有的时候他们的祖先。
何塞:太棒了!很好,他们试图保护和恢复一些他们古老的传统。 阿米娜:是的,这是一个很棒的目标。我希望他们成功。 马特:我也是。这似乎是一个不错的回顾本章,对吧? 劳伦:是的,覆盖一切。让我们继续下一个话题。
1.What is the main topic of the discussion?
b. How Native Americans are restoring their lands to their original condition.
2. Originally, what was the attitude of the United States government toward Native American culture and traditions?
a. The government wanted to change them.
3. According to the discussion, what is an important source of revenue for the Native Americans?
c. Revenue from businesses on their reservations. 1。讨论的主要话题是什么? b。印第安人如何恢复土地原状。
2。最初,美国政府的态度对美国本土文化和传统吗? 政府想要改变他们。
3所示。根据讨论,什么是印第安人的一个重要的收入来源? c。预订收入的企业。
Background
> 300 Native American reservations in the U.S.
U.S. forced them to adopt American traditions and language Most reservations located west of Miss. River Land not suitable for agriculture
1970: U.S. granted right to run various businesses
Used money to improve lands and undertake other projects InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Area
Founded on the coast, north of San Francisco Access very limited
Gather food, have religious ceremonies here Big Cypress Swamp
Owned by the Seminole group in Florida Bringing back animals that used to live there Removing plants that weren’t there originally 背景
> 300年美国印第安人保留地 美国迫使他们采取美国传统和语言 大多数保留位于小姐河以西 土地不适合农业
1970年:美国授予权利运行各种业务 用金钱提高土地和从事其他项目 种族间的Sinkyone荒野保护区 建立在海岸,旧金山北部 访问非常有限
收集食物,这里有宗教仪式 大柏树沼泽
塞米诺尔集团旗下在佛罗里达州 带回动物,曾经在那里住过 删除没有最初的植物
Listening 2-1
Long ago, people lived as hunters and gatherers. Over time people learned how to grow plants and raise domestic animals. Once this happened, there was a transition to agriculture in many societies. However, even today there are groups who reject farming and continue to hunt animals and gather their own food.
The Hadza people are a group of hunter-gatherers who live in an isolated part of northern Tanzania. They have lived in the Great Rift Valley for a period of 10,000 years. The Hadza communicate in their own special language, called Hadzane.