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8.something→nothing 9.composing→composed 10.from→of

[题目七]

When we mention China’s ancient civilization,we think of the Four Great Inventions--paper,gunpowder,the compass

and printing.which have had an immeasurable impact to the development of world culture,military affairs,and communications and transportation.The science and technology

of ancient China no doubt occupy a very important and prominent position in the scientific and technological history of the world.yet modern science and technology did not originate in China.

Why is that modem science and technology did not originate in China? Chinese scholars specialize in the history of natural sciences offer an answer.In brief,there are four reasons。 First,industry and commerce were restricted in feudal China,

which closed their borders to the outside world and inhibited the development of areas of science and technology such as mechanics,mathematics,navigational technology and machine

building.which were related with industry and commerce Second.in terms of philosophy,Confucianism(儒学)was the

respected school of thought,and it was unable to provide philosophical guidance for the further development of science and technology after the end of the Ming Dynasty.Third,school

curricula was limited to the Confucian classics,which downplayed (不予重视)technology and crafts and touched on the sciences Fourth,Confucian scholars were contented and conservative,

believed their imperial court to be the supreme court granted by Heaven

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. . . 9. 10. 7 8

and themselves the only civilized and respectable people in the world.

参考答案:

1.to→on

2.occupy→occupies 3.is→is it

4.specialize→specializing 5.their→its 6.with→to 7.and→but 8.was→were

9.touched→seldom/hardly touched 10.believed→believing

[题目八]

What are the drawbacks or difficulties associated with intrapreneurship(内部创业)programs or strategies? Some managers are not happy about giving up the control they are

used to have.Other managers may be willing,but their companies have down—sized.Those managers may be do more of the work above or below their level than they had been doing. Now they are overworked,stress managers,and they may not Want to hear new ideas that could just complicate their jobs even far. The major problem that often haunts intrapreneurship is that

results are expected very quickly.It takes time for a company to develop the fight atmosphere and most appropriate support structures for intrapreneuring.Sometimes a company gets impatient

and need,Koch says,“to swallow a patience pill.”Lastly, sometimes it is difficult for an intrapreneur to hear that the company

has decided to pursue her of his idea;the person may continue working on the idea anyway.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

With all the possible drawbacks,intrapreneurship has a foothold in business today.Many products now on the market

owe their existence on companies Who recognized and nurtured 10. the talent within their own walls.

参考答案:

1.have→having 2.do→doing 3.had→have 4.stress→stressed 5.far→further 6.very→too 7.most→the most 8.need→needs 9.decided→decided not 10.on→to

[题目九]

Optimism and pessimism are both powerful forces,and each of us must choose which we want to shape our outlook

and our expectations.There are enough good and bad in everyone’s life--ample sorrow and happiness,sufficient joy

and pain——find a rational basis for either optimism or pessimism We can choose to laugh and cry,bless or curse.It’s our decision: From which perspective do we want to view life? Will we look up in hope or down in despair?

I believe the upward look.I choose to highlight the positive and slip right over the negative.I am an optimist by choice as much

as in nature.Sure.I know that sorrow exists.I am in my 70s now, and I have lived through rather than one crisis. But when all is said and done.I find that the good in life far outweighs the bad.

1. .

. 4. 5. . 2 3 6 An optimistic attitude is not a luxury;nor it’s a necessity. 7. The way you look at life will determine how you feel,how you

perform,and how well you will get along with other people.Converse, 8. negative thoughts,attitudes,and expectations fed on themselves; 9. they become a self—fulfilling prophecy. Pessimism creates a dismal

place where no one wants to live in. 10.

参考答案:

1.are→is 2.find→to find 3.and→or

4.believe→believe in 5.in→by 6.rather→more 7.nor it’s→it’s 8.Converse→Conversely 9.fed→feed 10.1ive in→live

[题目十]

Genetically modified foods are here to stay.That’s not to say that food produced by conventional agriculture will

disappear,but simply food—buying patterns will polarize(两极分化): There will still be a market for conventional foods just as there is

organic food.It may even be that GM food will become the food of preference because consumers come to appreciate the health benefits

of reducing pesticide use. The reason GM food will not go away is why we need a three·time increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep pace with the world’s predicted population growth to ten or eleven

billion.It’s not just a question of more mouths to feed also.What often forgets is that all these extra people will take up space,

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

reducing the overall land available for agriculture.It may well be

that in the long term it is the developing world which benefits most 7. from GM foods.It’s true that for the next ten years and SO GM crops 8. may be too expensive.But the lesson of personal computers is

applicable here--once the technology has developed for money.making 9. crops,like maize,soya beans and cotton,it will filter down and become

affordable for a1l.This doesn’t mean,fortunately,that famines will disappear,but severity and duration will be helped by all improved ability b produce and distribute food.

参考答案:

1.simply→simply that 2.organic→for organic 3.reducing→reduced 4.why→that 5.also→either

6.often forgets→is often forgotten 7.which→that 8.and→or

9.developed→been developed 10.fortunately→unfortunately

. 10