发布时间 : 星期五 文章two-child-policy更新完毕开始阅读09bd665a04a1b0717fd5ddf3
China’s Two-child policy
Today, I'm going to talk about a change to China's population policy.
Xinhua news agency reported on October 29th that China has decided to end its decades-long one-child policy and allow two.China introduced one-child policy in the late 1970s.This policy has been credited with helping to control China's population growth.Why does China gave it up?Today I am going to tell you why.
1.Ease the burden of taking care of the elderly. For some families,maybe the parents are both only child,and they can also have only child.Put aside the loneliness of their child,when their child grows up and they grow older,their child marry with an only child girl accidentally,the burden on their child and his wife is unimaginable heavy.Their child and his wife have to take care of two old couples.Usually,a young couple looking after one old couple is a little difficult,if the pressure increases to twice,how can they stand it.But if their parents have two children,they can share the burden of taking care of their parents.
Look at the second picture,from great great grandmother,down through generations,this family is a perfect example of China’s population crisis,there is only one great great grandchild.This woman’s name is Zhang Xinping,she said:I did pregnant for second time, but I could not keep it,or the government will come for you.It’s a serious society problem,and this new policy could help with it.
2.Ease pressure from the aging population and optimize the demographic structure;
In these diagrams,we can see the change of China’s population age structure.In 1950,the juvenile population is far greater than the elderly population.By 2000,young people accounted for the largest population.By the year of 2050,the elderly population will increases greatly,especially people over 80 years old.
China’s government has said the country could become home to the most elderly population on the planet in just 15 years, with more than 400 million people over the age of 60.The decision to allow families to have two children was designed \improve the balanced development of population\to deal with an aging population.
3.increase labor supply and help improve the health of the economy.
For China, three decades of one-child policy .China is moving from an era of labor surplus into an era of labor shortage.
From the diagram we can see that by the year of 2015,the peak of the working-age population has already fallen.Annual growth rate of working age population will decline continuously in the last 3 decades.
4.Another reason, China wants to improve human rights by the universal two-child policy.
Parents have a basic human right to determine freely the number of their children.And a child has the right to have a little sister or brother. The one-child policy has been challenged for violating a human right to determine the size of one's own family.China wants to improve human rights by the universal two-child policy.