发布时间 : 星期日 文章2018年高考英语一轮复习 话题语篇专攻练23 文化习俗(一)外研版更新完毕开始阅读0e6e5fb578563c1ec5da50e2524de518974bd3c4
话题语篇专攻练23 文化习俗(一)
(建议用时40分钟)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
(2017·洛阳模拟)
Living in a culture that is different from your own can be both an exciting and challenging experience. The following are six cultural differences between China and the US to help promote mutual understanding.
______
Chinese people do not have the same concept of privacy as Americans do. They talk about topics such as ages, income or marital status, which Americans think is annoying and disturbing.
Family
In China, elders are traditionally treated with great respect while the young are cared for. In America, the goal of the family is to encourage independence, particularly that of the children. Unlike the Chinese, older Americans seldom live with their children. Friends
Chinese people have different meanings to define friends. Just hanging out together time to time is not friendship. Friendship means lifelong friends who feel it deeply necessary to give each other whatever help might seem required. Americans always call people they meet friends, so the definition of friends is general and different. There are work friends, playing friends, school friends and drinking friends.
Money
As is well known, the Chinese like to save. They are always conservative when they are planning to spend money. It is different in the US, where far fewer families are saving money for emergencies and education than their Chinese counterparts(对
应面).
Education
Chinese people value education and career more than Americans, who in turn put more emphasis on good character and faith.
Team VS Individual
Basically China values the community and the US values the individual. If you achieve something in the US, it’s because you are great. While in China, if you achieve something it’s because the team, or family, or company is great. Everything you do gets attributed to the greater whole, while in America individual merits(功绩)are celebrated.
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了中国人和美国人的文化差异。
1. Which is the most appropriate word to show the first cultural difference? A. Privacy. C. Age.
B. Income.
D. Marriage. 【解析】选A。段落大意题。根据第二段第一句Chinese people do not have the same concept of privacy as Americans do. 中国人没有像美国人一样的隐私概念, 故选A。 2. Which is TRUE according to the passage? A. American parents seldom live with their children. B. There is no friendship between American people drinking together. C. Chinese people are usually generous with money to spend. D. Americans value good character and faith in terms of education. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Education部分可知中国人比美国人更重视教育和事业, 而美国人更加重视良好的品格和信仰, 故选D。
3. Which one is similar to the underlined phrase? A. is attached to C. is promoted to
B. brings in D. results in
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据本段Team VS Individual可知在中国, 如果你取得了优异的成绩, 会被归因于集体, 家庭或者公司的辛勤培育。可知画线词组的意思是: 被归因于, 故选A。
B
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If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.
Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high-class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer. You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to(料理), and then walk off without paying your fare. The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety.
The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, but also serve outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration card(住宿登记卡)to the waiter. With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.
The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate(价钱). From then on, they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly(相应地).
With so many loopholes(漏洞)in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take“petty advantages”. But the strange thing is, all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fare after they have attended to their business; not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms. And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”.
In a society of such high moral practice, what need is there for people to be on guard against others?
【文章大意】文章通过出租车、酒店、工人等介绍了芬兰人民的“愚蠢”, 来表明并赞美了芬兰社会的和谐, 人民的思想觉悟高。
4. While taking a taxi in Finland, ______.
A. a passenger can go anywhere without having to pay the driver B. a passenger pays two US dollars for a taxi ride
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C. a passenger can never be refused by the taxi driver wherever he wants to go D. a passenger needs to provide good faith demonstration(证明)before leaving without paying
【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第二段的“You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place. . . ”可知你可以一个人去任何地方, 告诉司机在任何一个地方让你下车……故选C。
5. We know from the passage that big hotels in Finland______. A. are mostly poorly managed B. provide meals for any diners
C. provide free wine and charge for food
D. provide meals for only those who live in the hotels 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, but also serve outside diners. ”所有大旅馆的餐厅不仅给顾客提供服务, 同样服务外面的就餐者。故选B。 6. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. The workers in Finland are paid by the hour. B. The workers are always honest with their working hours. C. The workers and their bosses will make an agreement in advance about the pay. D. The bosses in Finland are too busy to check the working hours of their employees. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章的第四、五段可知, 选项D中所提到的老板不核对雇员的工作时间并不是因为他们太忙, 而是因为雇员都诚实地上报自己的工作时间, 人们互相信任, 就不需要核对了。故选D。
7. The word“those”in the last but one paragraph probably refers to______. A. people who are dishonest
B. people who often have meals in big hotels C. people who often take taxis D. people who are worthy of trust
【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“With so many loopholes in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take‘petty advantage’. ”在日常生活中有这么多漏洞的情况下, 芬兰肯定会是那些爱贪小便宜的人的天堂。故选A。
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