·¢²¼Ê±¼ä : ÐÇÆÚÈÕ ÎÄÕÂÓ¢ÓﳤÄѾ侫½â70¾ä¸üÐÂÍê±Ï¿ªÊ¼ÔĶÁ1662a81da76e58fafab00398
namely that a solid body when immersed in a liquid loses a portion of its weight of the liquid it displaces£¬has many different versions£¬of which the following is one.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇThe story¡has many different versions¡¡£what is now generally called the principle of ArchimedesΪÃû´ÊÐÔ´Ó¾ä×ö½é´ÊofµÄ±öÓï¡£namely that a solid body¡×÷the principle of ArchimedesµÄͬλÓï;when immersed in a liquidÊÇÊ¡ÂÔÁËÖ÷ÓïµÄ¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê¶ÌÓ¾ä×Ó²¹³äÍêÕûΪwhen the solid body is immersed in a liquid£¬ÐÞÊÎÆäÖ÷¾äa solid body loses a portion of its weight of the liquid¡;it displacesÊÇÊ¡ÂÔÁ˹Øϵ´ú´ÊthatµÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎthe liquid£¬it´úָǰÃæÌáµ½µÄthe solid body;ͬʱ£¬of which the following is oneÓÖ¹¹³ÉÏÈÐдÊversionsµÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä¡£displaceÒâΪ¡°ÅÅ£¨Ë®£©¡±;version²»ÒëΪ¡°°æ±¾¡±£¬´Ë´¦Ö¸¡°¸ù¾Ý¸öÈ˹۵ãµÄ£¨¶ÔʼþµÈµÄ£©Ëµ·¨£¬¿´·¨¡±;¾äβµÄone´úÖ¸a version¡£
ÒëÎÄ:µ±¹ÌÌå½þûµ½ÒºÌåÖÐʱ£¬¹ÌÌå»áʧȥËüËùÅųöµÄÒºÌåµÄÄDz¿·ÖÖØÁ¿£¬Õâ¾ÍÊÇÏÖÔÚͨ³£ËùνµÄ°¢»ùÃ×µÂÔÀí¡£ÓйØÕâÒ»·¢ÏֵĹÊÊÂ˵·¨Öڶ࣬ÏÂÃæµÄ¹ÊʾÍÊÇÆäÖÐÖ®Ò»¡£
11. We assumed that there were forces of attraction between molecules which varied rapidly with the distance so that the attraction between molecules that were more than a few ten millionths of a millimeter apart was very small but became considerable when the molecules approached more closely.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇWe assumed that there were forces of attraction¡¡£thatÒýµ¼±öÓï´Ó¾ä¡£´Ë±öÓï´Ó¾äÖÐÌ×Ƕһ¸öÓÉwhichÒýµ¼µÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎÏÈÐдÊforces of attraction; so that the attraction between molecules¡ÊÇso that½á¹¹Òýµ¼µÄ½á¹û×´Óï´Ó¾ä;ÔÚ´Ë×´Óï´Ó¾äÖУ¬³ýÖ÷¸É½á¹¹the attraction¡was very small but became considerable¡£¬ÓÖÓÐthat were more than a few ten-millionths of a millimeter apart×ö¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎÏÈÐдÊmoleculesºÍwhen the molecules approached more closely×ö×´Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÐÞÊΡbut became considerable¡£considerableÒëΪ¡°Ï൱´ó£¨»ò¶àµÄ£©¡±¡£
ÒëÎÄ£ºÎÒÃÇÔø¾¼Ù¶¨£¬·Ö×ÓÖ®¼ä´æÔÚ×ÅÒýÁ¦£¬ÕâÖÖÒýÁ¦Ëæ×Å·Ö×ÓÖ®¼ä¾àÀëµÄ²»Í¬¶øÓÐÏÔÖøµÄ±ä»¯£¬Òò¶ø£¬ÔÚ¼ä¾àΪǧÍò·ÖÖ®¼¸ºÁÃ׵ķÖ×ÓÖ®¼äµÄÒýÁ¦ÊǺÜСµÄ£¬µ«ÊÇ·Ö×Ó¿¿µÃºÜ½üʱ£¬ÕâÖÖÒýÁ¦»á±äµÃÏ൱´ó¡£
12. This need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development£¬which means that we must£¬for the benefit of coming generations£¬leave enough environmental space so that these generations will be able to address their needs and fulfill their aspirations.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇThis need is enshrined in the concept of sustainable development¡¡£Æäºó½ô¸ú×ÅÒ»¸öwhichÒýµ¼µÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÐÞÊÎÏÈÐдÊsustainable development¡£´Ë¶¨Óï´Ó¾äµÄνÓﶯ´ÊmeansÓÖÌ×Ƕһ¸öthatÒýµ¼µÄ±öÓï´Ó¾ä£¬¼´we must¡leave enough environmental space¡£´Ë±öÓï´Ó¾äÖÐÓÖÓÐso that½á¹¹×ö´Ë´Ó¾äµÄÄ¿µÄ×´Óï¡£be enshrined inÒâΪ¡°±»ÉîÉîµØÕä²Ø£¨»òÃú¼Ç£©ÔÚ¡¡±£¬´Ë´¦×ªÒëΪÖ÷¶¯Óï̬¡°ÄÉÈëµ½¡±¡£sustainable developmentÒëΪ¡°¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹¡±¡£
ÒëÎÄ£ºÕâÒ»ÐèÒª±»ÕýʽÔØÈë¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹µÄ¸ÅÄîÖ®ÖС£Ëùν¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹ÊÇÖ¸:ΪÁË×ÓËïºó´úµÄ
ÀûÒ棬ÎÒÃDZØÐë±£Áô×ã¹»µÄÉú´æ»·¾³¿Õ¼ä£¬ÒÔÂú×ãËûÃǵÄÐèÒª£¬Ê©Õ¹±§¸º¡£
13. Painting lacks only the means to represent movement in time and space£¬which is the special property of sculpture and architecture£¬since a painting is designed to be seen from one point at one time£¬whereas sculpture and architecture are created to be seen from various points of view£¬thus supplying movements in space and time.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇPainting lacks only the means¡,since¡¡£sinceÒýµ¼µÄÔÒò×´Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎÖ÷¾ä;¹Øϵ´ú´ÊwhichÒýµ¼µÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎthe means to represent movement in time and space; propertyÔÚ´Ë´¦Ó¦ÒëΪ¡°ÐÔÖÊ,ÌØÐÔ¡±,²»ÒëΪ¡°²Æ²ú,×ʲú¡±¡£
ÒëÎÄ£º»æ»È±ÉٵĽö½öÊDZíÏÖ¿Õ¼äÓëʱ¼ä±ä»¯µÄÊÖ·¨£¬¶øÕâÕýÊǵñËÜÓ뽨ÖþµÄÌØÐÔ¡£»æ»Ê±Ö»ÒªÇóÔÚijһʱ¿Ì£¬´Ó¿Õ¼äµÄÒ»µãÀ´ÐÀÉÍ£¬¶øµñËܺͽ¨ÖþµÄ´´ÔìÔòÒªÇó´Ó¸÷¸ö½Ç¶ÈÀ´ÐÀÉÍ£¬ÕâÑù¾Í±íÏÖ³öÁ˿ռ䣬ʱ¼äµÄ±ä»¯¡£
14. Once intimidated by arguments that their children would feel more at home in bilingual classes£¬and that they might lose their heritage in regular classes£¬these women have since given voice£¬loudly and persuasively£¬to what they know from experience that unless they are fluent in the language of their adopted country£¬their children will never attend college or land any but the most menial of jobs.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇthese women have¡given voice¡to what they know from experience that¡¡£that´Ó¾ä×öexperienceµÄͬλÓï´Ó¾ä;´Ë´Ó¾äÖÐÓÖÌ×Ƕһ¸öunlessÒýµ¼µÄÌõ¼þ×´Óï´Ó¾ä;Once intimidated by argumentsÊǹýÈ¥·Ö´Ê×ö×´ÓïÐÞÊÎthese women£¬ÆäÊ©¶¯ÕßargumentsÓÖÓÐÁ½¸öthatÒýµ¼µÄͬλÓï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎÏÞ¶¨Ëü¡£intimidated by argumentsÒâΪ¡°±»ÂÛµã¸ãµÃ¾ª»Åº¦Å¡±;feel at home²»ÄÜÖ±ÒëΪ¡°¸Ðµ½ÔÚ¼Ò¡±£¬¶øÒëΪ¡°¸Ðµ½×ÔÔÚ¡±;give voice toÒâΪ¡°±í´ï£¬±í¶¡±;land jobsÒëΪ¡°ÕÒµ½¹¤×÷¡±¡£
ÒëÎÄ£ºÓÐÈË˵£¬º¢×ÓÃÇÔÚË«Óï¿ÎÌÃÀï»á¸Ðµ½¸ü¼Ó×ÔÓÉ×ÔÔÚ£¬¶øÔÚÕý¹æ°à¼¶»áɥʧÆ䴫ͳÎÄ»¯¡£Õ⼸λĸÇ×Ôø±»ÕâÒ»ÂÛµã¸ãµÃ»Ì¿Ö²»°²£¬ÏÖÔÚ·¢±íÁË×îÏìÁÁ£¬×îÓÐ˵·þÁ¦µÄÒâ¼û¡£´ÓËýÃÇ×ÔÉíµÄ¾ÑéÖУ¬ËûÃÇÉîÖª:Èç¹ûº¢×ÓÃDz»ÊìÁ·ÕÆÎÕËûÃÇËùÒƾӹú¼ÒµÄÓïÑÔ£¬³ýÁËÄÇЩ×î¼òµ¥µÄÌåÁ¦»î¶ùÍ⣬¸ù±¾Ì¸²»ÉÏÉÏ´óѧ£¬Ò²Ì¸²»ÉÏÕÒµ½ÀíÏëµÄ¹¤×÷¡£
15. The presumption on which human cloning rests is that all these cells£¬though now specialized£¬still contain exact copies of the original set of genetic instructions needed to make an entire individual and can do so if a way is found to switch them back on.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇThe presumption is that all these cells¡contain genetic instructions¡and can do so¡¡£ÆäÖнé´Êon¼ÓwhichÒýµ¼¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎÖ÷Óïthe presumption; that´Ó¾äΪ±íÓï´Ó¾ä;´Ë±íÓï´Ó¾äÖÐcontainºÍcan do²¢ÁÐ×öall these cellsµÄνÓï;±íÓï´Ó¾äÖÐÓÖ²åÈëÒ»¸öthoughÒýµ¼µÄÊ¡ÂÔÁËÖ÷Óïall these cellsµÄÈò½×´Óï´Ó¾ä£¬²¹³äÍêÕûΪthough these cells are now specialized; needed to make an entire individualΪ¹ýÈ¥·Ö´Ê¶ÌÓï×ögenetic instructionsµÄºóÖö¨Óï;²¢ÁÐνÓïcan do soÓÖÓÐifÌõ¼þ¾äÐÞÊΡ£rest onÒâΪ¡°ÒÀÀµ¡±¡£Îª±ÜÃâÖظ´do so´úÌæÇ°ÎÄÌáµ½µÄmake an entire individual¡£
ÒëÎÄ£ºÈËÀà¿Ë¡ÀµÒÔ´æÔڵļٶ¨ÊÇ:ËäÈ»ËùÓеÄϸ°ûÏÖÒÑÈ«²¿ÌØ»¯£¬µ«È´ÈÔÈ»°üº¬Óз¢ÓýΪÍêÕû¸öÌåËùÐèµÄÓëĸÌåÍêÈ«Ò»ÖµÄÈ«²¿ÒÅ´«Ö¸Áî;Èç¹ûÄÜÕÒµ½Ò»¸ö·½·¨Ê¹Ê§È¥×÷ÓõIJ¿·Ö»Ö¸´×÷Óã¬ÕâЩϸ°û¾ÍÄÜ·¢Óý³ÉΪÍêÕûµÄ¸öÌå¡£
16. Thus£¬a regularity for which there are general theoretical grounds will be more readily called a natural law than an empirical regularity that cannot be subsumed under more general laws or theories.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö£º¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇa regularity¡will be more readily called a natural law than an empirical regularity¡¡£½é´Êfor¼Ó¹Øϵ´ú´ÊwhichÒýµ¼¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎa regularity¡£an empirical regularityºóÓÖÓж¨Óï´Ó¾äthat cannot be subsumed under more general laws or theoriesÐÞÊΡ£groundsÒâΪ¡°¸ù¾Ý£¬ÀíÓÉ¡±;subsumeÒâΪ¡°°Ñ¡¹éÈ룬ÄÉÈ롱¡£
ÒëÎÄ£ºÒò´Ë£¬ÓëÒ»Ìõ²»Äܱ»¹éÈë¸üÆÕ±éµÄ·¨Ôò»òÀíÂÛ¶øÊÇ»ùÓÚ¾ÑéµÄ¹æÂÉÏà±È£¬Ò»Ìõ¾ßÓÐÆÕ±éÀíÂÛÒÀ¾ÝÖ§³ÖµÄ¹æÂɺܿÉÄܱ»ÈÏ¿ÉΪһÌõ×ÔÈ»·¨Ôò¡£
17. It is because of the close association in most people¡¯s minds of tools with man that special attention has always been focused upon any animal able to use an object as a tool£¬but it is important to realize that this ability£¬on its own£¬does not necessarily indicate any special intelligence in the creature concerned.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇIt is because of¡that¡£¬but it is important to realize that¡¡£butÁ¬½ÓÁ½¸ö²¢Áо䣬butÇ°µÄ²¢Áз־äΪIt is¡that¡Ç¿µ÷½á¹¹£¬Ç¿µ÷because ofÒýµ¼µÄ×´Óï¡£butºóµÄ²¢Áз־äÓÖÓÐthatÒýµ¼µÄ±öÓï´Ó¾ä×örealizeµÄ±öÓï¡£the close association in most people¡¯s minds of tools with manÖÐ×¢Òâin most people¡¯s minds°Ñthe close association of tools with man£¨¹¤¾ßÓëÈËÀàµÄÃÜÇÐÁªÏµ£©·Ö¸ô¿ªÀ´¡£Á½¸ö²¢ÁоäÖзֱðÓÐable to use an object as a toolºÍconcerned·Ö±ð×öÆäÇ°ÃæÃû´ÊanimalºÍthe creatureµÄºóÖö¨Óï¡£man¸ù¾ÝÉÏÏÂÎÄÔÚ´Ë´¦Ö¸¡°ÈËÀࡱ£¬¶ø²»ÊÇ¡°ÄÐÈË¡±;not necessarilyÒëΪ¡°²»Ò»¶¨¡¢Î´±Ø¡±;on its ownÒâΪ¡°¶ÀÁ¢µØ£¬Æ¾×Ô¼ºÁ¦Á¿¡±£¬ÔÚ´ËתÒëΪ¡°¾ÍÆä×ÔÉí¶øÑÔ¡±¡£
ÒëÎÄ£º ÕýÊÇÓÉÓÚÔÚ´ó¶àÊýÈËÍ·ÄÔÖй¤¾ßÓëÈËÀàÁªÏµÃÜÇУ¬ÈËÀà²ÅÌرð¹Ø×¢ÓÐÄÜÁ¦°ÑÎïÌåµ±¹¤¾ßʹÓõÄÈκÎÒ»ÖÖ¶¯Îï¡£µ«ÖµµÃ×¢ÒâµÄÊÇ£¬ÕâÖÖÄÜÁ¦¾ÍÆä×ÔÉí¶øÑÔ£¬²¢²»±íÃ÷ÕâÖÖ¶¯ÎïÓÐʲôÌرðµÄÖǻۡ£
18. The point at which tool using and tool making acquire evolutionary significance is surely when an animal can adapt its ability to manipulate objects to a wide variety of purposes£¬and when it can use an object spontaneously to solve a brand-new problem that without the use of a tool would prove insoluble.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇThe point¡is¡when¡and when¡¡£Á½¸öwhenÒýµ¼µÄ´Ó¾äΪ²¢ÁеıíÓï´Ó¾ä¡£at which tool using and tool making acquire evolutionary significanceΪ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎÖ÷Óïthe point;µÚ¶þ¸öwhenÒýµ¼µÄ±íÓï´Ó¾äÖÐÒ²ÓÐthatÒýµ¼µÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾äÐÞÊÎa brand-new problem¡£ability to manipulate objectsÒëΪ¡°²Ù×ÝÎïÌåµÄÄÜÁ¦¡±;¡a brand-new problem that
without the use of a tool would prove insolubleÖÐwithoutºÍinsolubleΪ˫ÖØ·ñ¶¨¿ÉÒë³É¿Ï¶¨¾ä¡£
ÒëÎÄ£ºµ±Ò»ÖÖ¶¯ÎïÄܹ»Ê¹×Ô¼º²Ù×ÝÎïÌåµÄÄÜÁ¦ÊÊÓÃÓÚ¸ü¹ã·ºµÄÄ¿±ê·¶Î§£¬²¢ÇÒÄܹ»×Ô·¢µØʹÓÃÎïÌå½â¾öÖ»ÓÐͨ¹ý¹¤¾ß²ÅÄܽâ¾öµÄÕ¸ÐÂÎÊÌâʱ£¬¹¤¾ßµÄʹÓúÍÖÆÔì¾Í¿Ï¶¨´ïµ½Á˾ßÓнø»¯ÒâÒåµÄ½×¶Î¡£
19. It was the desire to be scholarly that brought about a wxdye of Latin terms which appeared in the 16th century when the humanist movement brought new impetus to learning throughout Europe.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇIt was the desire¡that brought about a wxdye¡¡£it is¡that¡ÊÇÇ¿µ÷¾äÐÍ£¬Ç¿µ÷Ö÷Óïthe desire to be scholarly¡£¹Øϵ´ú´ÊwhichÒýµ¼¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä,ÐÞÊÎLatin terms;¹Øϵ¸±´ÊwhenÒýµ¼¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä,ÐÞÊÎcentury¡£¾äÖÐscholarly×ö¡°²©Ñ§¶à²Å¡±½²;humanist movementÒëΪ¡°ÈËÎÄÖ÷ÒåÔ˶¯¡±;impetusÒâΪ¡°¶¯Á¦,´Ù½ø¡±¡£
ÒëÎÄ£ºÔÚ16ÊÀ¼ÍµÄʱºò£¬ÈËÎÄÖ÷ÒåÔ˶¯´Ù½øÁËÅ·ÖÞ¸÷¹úµÄѧÊõÔ˶¯£¬ÈËÃǶ¼ÏëÏÔʾ×Ô¼ºµÄ²©Ñ§¶à²Å£¬´Ó¶ø³öÏÖÁËÒ»¹ÉʹÓÃÀ¶¡×ִʵij±Á÷¡£
20. So don¡¯t be surprised if you never encounter some of the expressions that still appear in school textbooks; and next time you hear somebody using a strange word you hxdyen¡¯t heard before£¬you can comfort yourself that there may well be a native speaker somewhere who doesn¡¯t know it either.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇ¡don¡¯t be surprised if you¡;and next time¡£¬
you can comfort yourself that¡¡£·ÖºÅÁ¬½ÓÁ½¸ö²¢Áз־䡣ÔÚÇ°Ãæ¾ä×ÓÖУ¬ifÒýµ¼×´Óï´Ó¾ä;¹Øϵ´ú´ÊthatÒýµ¼¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÐÞÊÎexpressions¡£ÔÚºóÃæ¾ä×ÓÖУ¬you hear¡ÊÇÊ¡ÂÔÁ˹Øϵ¸±´ÊwhenµÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÐÞÊÎnext time; you hxdyen¡¯t heard beforeÓÖÊÇÊ¡ÂÔÁ˹Øϵ´ú´ÊwhichµÄ¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÐÞÊÎstrange word;Ö÷¾äÊÇyou can comfort yourself that¡£¬ÕâÀïµÄthatÒýµ¼±öÓï´Ó¾ä£¬¶ø¹Øϵ´ú´ÊwhoÒýµ¼¶¨Óï´Ó¾ä£¬ÐÞÊÎnative speaker¡£mayºÍwellÁ¬ÓñíʾÓгä·ÖµÄÀíÓÉ£¬ÒëΪ¡°£¨ÍêÈ«£©ÄÜ£¬£¨ºÜ£©¿ÉÄÜ¡±¡£
ÒëÎÄ£ºÒò´Ë£¬Èç¹ûÔÚijЩ½Ì¿ÆÊéÀïÄãÅöµ½Ä³Ð©´Ê×éÊÇÄã´Óδ¼û¹ýµÄ£¬Äã²»±Ø¾ªÑÈ¡£Èç¹ûÏ´ÎÄãÌýµ½ÓÐÈËÓÃÒ»¸öÄãÒÔÇ°´ÓδÌýµ½¹ýµÄдʣ¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÕâÑù°²Î¿×Ô¼ºËµ£¬ºÜ¿ÉÄÜÔÚʲôµØ·½ÓÐÒ»¸ö½²Ó¢ÓïµÄ±¾µØÈËÒ²²»ÈÏʶÕâ¸ö×ÖÄØ!
21. Despite the saying that one never knows if lightning strikes him£¬a person can sometimes feel the bolt coming and if quick enough£¬take protective action in time.
½á¹¹·ÖÎö:¾ä×ӵĿò¼ÜÊÇa person can¡feel the bolt and¡take protective action¡¡£andÁ¬½ÓÁ½¸ö²¢ÁеÄνÓﶯ´Ê¡£¾äÊ×despiteÊǽé´ÊÒýµ¼½é´Ê¶ÌÓï×÷×´Ó´Ë¶ÌÓïÖÐthatÒýµ¼µÄÃû´ÊÐÔ´Ó¾ä×ösayingµÄͬλÓ´ËͬλÓï´Ó¾äÖУ¬if lightning¡ÊÇÒ»¸öÃû´ÊÐԴӾ䣬×÷knowµÄ±öÓifÔÚ¾äÖÐÏ൱ÓÚwhether¡£Ö÷¾äÖÐif quick enough²¹³äÍêÕûΪif he is quick enough£¬ÊÇÌõ