发布时间 : 星期日 文章2016河南中考试题研究新课标英语：题型三 阅读理解B话题1 事物介绍（2015、2014年考查）更新完毕开始阅读1671874c77a20029bd64783e0912a21615797fdf
话题1 事物介绍（2015、2014年考查）
（2015平顶山模拟） 为什么我们是朋友
“Friends are the family you choose” Do you know why? A new study by Yale University and the University of California San Diego can give us some reasons.
Scientists studied the genes(基因)of almost 2,000 people. Some of these people were friends, others were simply strangers. Scientists found that friends had more genes in common than strangers.
Pairs of friends had similar genes as people do with a distant relative(远亲).This is about it’s of the human genome(人类基因组). Although 1% may not sound like much to geneticists(遗传学), it is an important number.
“Most people don’t even know who their distant relatives are, yet we are somehow able to choose people who are like our relatives as friends” Nicholas Christakis, a social scientist at university told Live Science.
This might be because similar genes make people visit similar places, or similar genes mean people will have similar skills.
The most common gene that friends have is the “olfactory” gene. It affects(影响)a person’s sense of smell. Imagine that you and someone else both like the smell of trees. You may often visit a park. Therefore, you may likely meet that other person and become friends.
As a result of the study, scientists set an interesting test called the “friendship source”. The test can tell whether two people could be friends by studying their genes. Do you want to know who will be your friends with the help of the test?
1. According to the passage, how many people may not sound like much to geneticists among 2,000 people?
A. 10. B. 20. C. 100. D. 200.
2. According to the study, scientists found that friends had . A. more genes in common than strangers B. fewer genes in common than strangers C. fewer genes in common than distant relatives
D. more genes in common than distant relatives 3. What’s the meaning of “olfactory”?
A. 听觉的 B. 视觉的 C. 嗅觉的 D. 触觉的
4. The test “friendship source” can tell whether two people could be friends by . A. visiting similar places B. meeting similar people C. studying their genes D. having similar skills
5. Where is the text most probably from? A. Advertisement. B. Newspaper. C. Novel. D. Note.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇关于朋友的说明文。主要说明了朋友之间是如何建立关系的。在朋友之间有一些相似的基因，并且由这些基因导致彼此之间形成了良好的友谊关系，从而成为很要好的朋友。
1. B【解析】数字计算题。题干意为：根据文章，在2000人中有多少人跟遗传学可能不符？ 根据第二段第一句“Scientists studied the genes(基因) of almost 2,000 people.” 和第三段最后一句“Although 1% may not sound like much to geneticists(遗传学)”可知，2000×1%=20。故选B。 2. A【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：根据研究，科学家们发现朋友 。A项：相同的基因比陌生人更多；B项：相同的基因比陌生人更少；C项：相同的基因比远亲更少；D项：相同的基因比远亲更多。根据短文第二段最后一句可知科学家们发现朋友的相同基因比陌生人更多。故选A。
3. C【解析】词义猜测题。题干意为：“olfactory”的意思是什么？根据olfactory所在句子后面的短文介绍中提到smell气味，可推知是与嗅觉有关，故选C。
4. C【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：“友谊分值”测试通过 能告诉两个人是否能够成为朋友。A项：参观相似的地方；B项：见相似的人；C项：研究他们的基因；D项：有相似的技能。根据短文倒数第二段最后一句可知通过的方式是studying their genes。故选C。
5. B【解析】推理判断题。题干意为：这篇短文可能来自哪里？A项：广告；B项：报纸；C项：小说；D项：便条。根据整个短文的内容可以推断出很可能来自于报纸。故选B。