发布时间 : 星期一 文章剑桥雅思考试语法攻略更新完毕开始阅读1dd810e8e209581b6bd97f19227916888486b9f3
雅思语法概述
we speak to them.
Tip: 在雅思阅读中，遇到__________________定语从句可以先忽略不看，先看句子的主干。
特点: (1). 非限制性定语从句往往是对先行词(一般为“元素”)作进一步的解释和补充说明。 如果把非限制性定语从句从句子中去掉，整个句子的意思不会受到很大影响。 (2). 关系词引导的定语从句和先行词之间绝对有逗号隔开。
The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by __________ who lived in the area.
定语从句和先行词之间有没有逗号，会直接决定句子意思的不同。试比较以下两个句子意思 的不同：
1. In terms of exceptions, scientists refer to the waves which are too small individually to consider. 2. In terms of exceptions, scientists refer to the waves, which are too small individually to consider.
(写作)不少人认为如今被人们广泛使用的电脑未来总有一天将会彻底取代电视机。 Quite a number of people believe that televisions will be replaced by computers___
注意：这个句子必须用____________________定语从句表示。由此看出在雅思写作和口语中 描述事务的特性往往用它来表示。
四. 不同关系词的用法
1. 关系代词 which的用法
(口语) What is your favorite spare time activity?
I usually choose to relax myself by watching American TV series in my spare time,
_____________________________________________________________________________ (口语) Do young people in your country live by themselves or with their parents? As far as I know, many people of my age live with their parents not because they
want to but because they have to. ______________________________________________
(口语) What leisure activities are popular in your country?
由 which引导的非限制性定语从句，其先行词对应的不仅可以是一个词或短语，也可以是 主句的一部分甚至一个完整的句子。而在限制性定语从句中 which就绝对不能用于修饰一 个句子。
例句：(口语) My brother is a book-worm, when deeply absorbed in his books, which he often is, he will forget about everything.
(口语) I am quite an outgoing person, which my brother is not.
(阅读) Fathers spend less time in housework and childcare, which is regarded by
some scientists as a major contributor to the stress-related anxiety of employed mothers.
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雅思语法概述
(写作)要解决交通问题，我们首先要解决的第一个问题就是日益增加的私车数量，我认为 这是造成交通问题的最主要原因。
To solve the traffic problem, ___________________________________________________
2. 由 who/whom/whose引导的定语从句
用法：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时用who，作宾语，表语时用whom,表示所属关系 时用 whose。它们所引导的定语从句既可以是限制性定语从句也可以是非限制性定语从 句。
(口语) Describe your idol.
My idol is Jay,________________________________________________________________. My idol is Jay, ________________________________________________________________. My idol is Jay, ________________________________________________________________. (口语) Describe a person that you respect the most. 我的父亲是一个教了 30多年书的教师，他是我最尊敬的人。
(口语) (1) Rain is a Korean Singer. (2). I appreciate him very much. (3). His popularity is second to none in Asia.
3. 关系词 when的用法
When引导的定语从句通常用在表示时间的名词或短语如 time, year, day后面，它引导的 定语从句既可以是限制性也可以是非限制性定语从句。 例句： (口语) Describe an important Chinese festival.
Spring Festival is the time when all the family members come back home and get together in China. (限制性定语从句)
In China, the most important traditional festival is Spring Festival, when all the family members would come back home and get together. (非限制性定语从句)
错误观念：凡是先行词是 time/day等时间概念，关系词就一定是 when。
(1). 我永远忘不了我第一次见到她的那一天。
I will never forget the day when I met her for the first time. (2). 我永远忘不了我在上海和她度过的那些日子。
I will never forget the days when I spent with her in Shanghai. (X) 练习： (口语) Describe a day that is special to you. (口语) At what age do people in your country get married?
4. 关系词 where的用法
关系词 where引导的定语从句通常用在表示地点的名词或短语后，如 place, the city等。
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雅思语法概述
它引导的定语从句既可以是限制性的也可以是非限制性的。
例句：（阅读）Nylon is a very tough synthetic fiber (人造纤维) first developed in the 1930s, and bearing a name to remind the hearer of the two places where it was developed: NY for New York and Lon for London.
(阅读) The power plants are usually located outside the city, where air quality problems are less serious.
(口语) Do you spend your free time with other people?
Yes. Sometimes I would invite my friends to have a cup of coffee in Starbucks, ____
(口语) Talk about a shopping center you are familiar with.
五. 定语从句的变形形式 1. be动词定语从句的变形
如果关系词 which/who/that在定语从句中做主语，后面跟的谓语动词是 be动词，则可 以将关系词和 be动词一起省略。这种用法在雅思阅读和写作中非常普遍。
(阅读/剑 6Test3 Reading Passage3) Scientists are seeking a drug (which is) able to prolong life.
2. 实义动词定语从句的变形
关系词 which/who/that在定语从句中作主语且紧跟在其后的谓语动词为实义动词时，可 以省略关系词，此时谓语动词变为 ing分词。
(剑 5/Test4/Task2) Research, relating to identical twins, has highlighted (突显出) how significant inherited characteristics can be for an individual’s life. 定语从句变形形式的特点：(1). 只能用于关系词在定语从句中作主语的情况。
(2). 特别适合用于多重定语从句 (口语) Describe a sport star you like.
(1). David Beckham is a football player. (2). David Beckham is famous for his handsomeness. (3). David Beckham is enjoying great popularity in China.
(口语) Describe a person who is controversial
六. 雅思阅读常见定语从句长句分析
(1). President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions, who criticized, on whose judgment he could rely, who presented an intelligent point of view, regardless of their rank or viewpoint.
(2). Smart cards, which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them than conventional cards with a magnetic stripe (磁条), are already widely used in European countries wherecentralized banks can roll out (转入) new services on a nationwide basis.
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雅思语法概述
(3). How well the prediction will be validated (证实) by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.
(4). Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
(5). Top of the list surely must come competence—the attribute that has been most sorely lacking in the Bush administration, whether in the planning for post-war Iraq, the response to Hurricane Katrina or the management of the federal budget, which George Bush, like a reverse King Midas, has transmuted from a $240 billion surplus to a $160 billion deficit. * 通过非限制性定语从句猜测生词
(1). Another interest-based procedure is mediation, in which a third party assists the disputants, the two sides in the dispute, in reaching argument.
(2). The most typical rights procedure is adjudication, in which disputants present evidence and arguments to a neutral third party who has the power to make a decision that must be followed by both disputants.
七. 雅思口语定语从句实战案例 (1). What’s your name?
(2). Where are you from?
(3). Are you a student or are you working now?
(4). Can you tell me something about your grandparents?
(5). Do you get on well with your family?
单元练习：
(写作) 环境保护是一个如今为人们广为讨论的一个话题。
(写作) 有的孩子从来不做家务，这使得他们越来越依赖他们的父母。 (口语) 我计划于 2010年回国，到那时候我将年满 30岁。
(口语) 最激动人心的一次旅行经历是在巴厘岛，在那里我有生以来第一次体验了潜水。 第三单元-状语从句 第三单元-状语从句 Chapter Three-The Adverbial Clause (v3.2)
一. 目的状语从句高分句型
1. 目的状语从句的连接词包括 so that, in order that, in case, lest。 2. 雅思实例：
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