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洛阳理工学院毕业设计(论文)

9.日本机器人Twendy-One机器人

2009年1月14日,日本东京早稻田大学机械工程学系实验室的机器人“Twendy-One”灵巧地用“手”抓起一根吸管,他们希望这些机器人能为老年人提供服务。

10.中国北京农民的拉车机器人

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洛阳理工学院毕业设计(论文)

11.美国宇航局探索机器人

12.德国人形机器人调制速溶茶

三、机器人的结构组成及工作原理

机器人一把由执行机构、驱动装置、检测装置和控制系统等组成。 执行机构:即机器人本体,其臂部一般采用空间开链连杆机构,其中的运动副(转动副或移动副)常称为关节,关节个数通常即为机器人的自由度数。

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洛阳理工学院毕业设计(论文)

检测装置的作用是实时检测机器人的运动及工作情况,根据需要反馈给控制系统,与设定信息进行比较后,对执行机构进行调整,以保证机器人的动作符合预定的要求。

控制系统有两种。一种是分散(级)式控制,即机器人的全部控制由一台微型计算机完成。另一种是分散(级)式控制,即采用多台微机来分担机器人的控制。如当采用上、下两级微分共用完成机器人的控制时,主机常用于负责系统的管理、通讯、运动学和动力学计算,并向下级微机发送指令信息;作为下级从机,各关节分别对应一个CPU,进行插补运算和伺服控制处理,实现给定的运动,并向主机反馈信息。

机器人技术综合了多学科的发展成果,代表了高科技的发展前沿,它在人类生活应用领域的不断扩大正引起国际上重新认识机器人技术的作用和影响。

而实际上,机器人是自动执行工作的机器装置。它既可以接受人类指挥,又可以运行预先编排的程序,也可以根据以人工智能技术制定的原则纲领行动。它的任务是协助或取代人类工作的工作,例如生产业、建筑业,或是危险的工作。

它可以说是高级整合控制论、机械电子、计算机、材料和仿生学的产物。目前在工业、医学、农业、建筑业甚至军事等领域中均有重要用途。

现在,国际上对机器人的概念已经逐渐趋近一致。一般说来,人们都可以接受这种说法,即机器人是靠自身动力和控制能力来实现各种功能的一种机器。联合国标准化组织采纳了美国机器人协会给机器人下的定义:“一种可编程和多功能的,用来搬运材料、零件、工具的操作机;或是为了执行不同的任务而具有可改变和可编程动作的专门系统。”

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洛阳理工学院毕业设计(论文)

The development of the robot

The robot milestone, Japan launched the first paragraph HRP - 4C beauty robot who can walk in the world

According to Britain's daily mail reports that Japanese scientists recently demonstrated a mechanical dark-haired beauty, she can not only speak, walkable has rich expression, still can walk in Maobu on the stage.

It is reported, this looks beautiful humanoid robot, called \inside contains30 engines, can help it walk and move arm, facial eight engines is giving it such as anger, surprise facial expression.

As the earliest practical model robot products (demonstration reappearance) is 1962 U.S. AMF company push \launched \numerical control machine tool but different shape characteristics, which mainly consists of similar man's hands and arms. Speaking of robot, our heads immediately associate with those who can sing and dance and have a head and hands thing. But actually it's the narrow understand of Robot. The complete meaning of robot should be a kind of automation equipment that can replace human。It can be all sorts of appearance, must not look like people, also not move about like human action mode.

The ancestors who can be traced back to more than 2,000 years ago. We know that the ancients timing method with drip, but actually it is a kind of automation equipment -- water clock. At that time, people will be two kettle it placed, above kettle water to below will be in the kettle.

The kettle placed a

buoy and it has time scale. Such buoy rise as the water , people would see those scale of time outside the kettle。

Water stability and restricts the exact time.

And so, people have increased several kettles and made them form a system. An automatic machine has a set of internal connected devices. Most people think around 250 B.C., a Greek scientists build out such clock, it USES siphon principle make water automatic cycle. During the middle ages, europeans

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