发布时间 : 星期五 文章（完整版）新牛津译林版8Bunit4知识点A,推荐文档更新完毕开始阅读1fa3c8e3b2717fd5360cba1aa8114431b90d8ef1
一． 短语归纳
1．do with处理 2．give sth. to sb.给某人某物
3．be interested in对…．感兴趣 4．in one`s spare time在某人空闲时间 5．be tired out筋疲力尽 6．by the time到……的时候 7．fall down倒下 8.wake up醒来 9．stand up站起来，起立 10. look down向下看 11.all over遍及 12. shout at sb．朝某人喊 13．talk to sb.和某人交谈 14. run away逃跑 15．hand in上交 16．so far到目前为止 17．fall over摔倒 18．at first起初
19．ask for请求（给予） 20. by the way顺便问一下 21.on time准时 22．in the future将来 23．at a time每次 24. low long多长时间，多久 25．for example例如 26.look for寻找 27．the same as和……一样 28．an army of 一大群 29. and so on等等 30. less than不到，少于 31. more than超过，多于 32．open up开启，开创
33．publishing house出版社 34．translate. . . Into. .把…¨译成… 35．be tied to the ground被捆绑到地上 36．share…with. . . 与……分享… 37．get away离开 38. different types of不同类型的 二．重要句型
1．Have you decided what to do with these books,Hobo? (1) what to do with these books是“疑问词+不定式”结构。
不定式可以和疑问代词who , what , which及疑问副词when,how,where连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中，担当主语，宾语，表语等成分。 What to do is a big problem.(做主语)
I know how to pronounce the word.（作宾语）
Can you tell me how to get to the post office?（作宾语补足语） The question is where to buy the dictionary.（作表语）
(2)do with ：在问句中多和what连用，常译作“处理，安排，容忍，与……相处”等。如： What shall I do with it?我该怎样处置它呢？
[拓展）deal with在问句中多和how连用，其基本意思有“应付，处理，论述，涉及”等。 如：Deal with a man as he deals with you.以其人之道，还治其人之身。 2.I didn’t know you liked books!我原来不知道你喜欢书！
这是一个含有宾语从句(you liked books)的主从复合句。宾语从句，就是用一个句子来 充当宾语，放在谓语动词的后面。 宾语从句要注意以下几个问题： (1)引导词：
①当宾语从句是陈述句时，用that引导，that常可省略。eg: I know that the boy is from Japan. ②当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用if或whether引导。 eg: I want to know if he will come back tomorrow.
③当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用疑问词引导 eg:He didn`t know when his mother was born. (2)语序： 宾语从句一定要用陈述句的语序。 你能告诉我他昨晚待在哪里吗？
(,/)Can you tell me where he stayed last night? (X)Can you tell me where did he stay last night?
(3)时态：当主句是现在时时，从句用所需的任何时态；当主句是过去时时，从句用过去时态的某种形式。
Eg:He said he was playing games at that time. 当宾语从句是客观真理或客观事实时，用现在时态。 Eg:Our teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 3. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge. reach此处用作及物动词，意为“接触，拿到”。
【拓展】reach作及物动词，还意为“到达，抵达”，后面跟表示地点的名词。 Eg:They reached London last night.
4. The Hunchback of Notre Dame by the French writer Victor Hugo is great. 法国作家维克多，雨果的《巴黎圣母院》很棒。
French此处用作形容词，意为“法国的，法国人的”。Eg:Do you like French bread? 【拓展】
①French作不可数名词，意为“法语”。My uncle can speak French.
②Frenchman可数名词，意为“法国人，法国男人”，复数形式为Frenchmen; Frenchwornan“法国女人”，复数形式为Frenchwomen。 ③France名词，意为“法国”。
5. The story of the ugly man Quasimodo really touched me.丑男人卡西莫多的故事确实触动了我。
touched是动词touch的过去式。此处用作及物动词，意为“触动，感动”，在语气上比move要弱一些.
Eg:The brave mother touched everyone.
6. After our ship crashed against the rocks,I swam as far as I could.当我们的船撞到礁石损坏之后，我奋力前游。
(1)crash(crashed，crashed)用作不及物动词，意为“碰撞，倒下，坠落，（飞机）坠毁”。 The plane crashed in the mountains．那架飞机在山中坠毁了。 (2)against介词，意为“紧靠，碰，撞”。 The rain beat against the windows.雨点打在窗户上。 My bike hit against a tree．我的自行车撞到了一棵树上。
be against反对；违背 It is quite against the school rules.这完全违反校规。
(3) as. . . as one can/could表示“尽某人所能……”，相当于as……as possible. Please come as early as you can. =Please come as early as possible．
7.By the time I finally felt the land under my feet,I was tired out.等到我终于感觉到脚下的陆地时，我已筋拔力尽。
（1）by the time意为“到……时为止”，引导时间状语从句。 By the time I came in,Tom had written his name on the blackboard. （2） be tired out意为“筋疲力尽”。
I was tired out when we got back from the long climb. 【拓展】be tired of意为“对……感到厌烦，厌倦”。 Kitty was tired of eggs．基蒂厌倦了吃鸡蛋。
8.I woke up as the sun was rising……当太阳升起时我醒了过来……
（1） wake up”醒来”，在此用作不及物动词短语，此时后面不加宾语；还可用作及物动词短语，后可跟宾语，意为“把…叫醒”，若宾语为代词，则要放在wake和up中间。 Eg:I usually wake up at six in the morning.
Mum,will you please wake me up earlier tomorrow morning? （2）as连词，意为“当…的时候”，引导时间状语从句。
As time goes on，he knows his students.随着时间的推移，他了解了他的学生。 （3） rise(rose，nsen，rising)不及物动词‘，意为“升起，上升”。 Eg:The water in the river rose after the heavy rain. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. raise 及物动词 意为“提高，筹集，抬起，举起” Eg:The teacher asks us to raise our hands if we have questions. The workers want the boss to raise their wages.
We should try our best to raise more money for the poor family. 9.My arms,legs and hair were tied to the ground!
句中的tie(tied，tied，tying)用作及物动词，意为“捆，绑，系”。
tie……to……意为“把……系／拴到……上”。be tied to是它的被动语态，意为“被捆／拴到……上”。