江苏专用2019高考英语二轮培优复习 专题一 单项填空 板块二 句法结构类习题 联系客服

发布时间 : 星期一 文章江苏专用2019高考英语二轮培优复习 专题一 单项填空 板块二 句法结构类习题更新完毕开始阅读205d3af4c57da26925c52cc58bd63186bceb92b7

板块二 │ 句法结构类

定语从句是形容词性从句,相当于形容词的用法,其功能是修饰先行词,对其性质、特征进行描述,先行词在定语从句中一般充当主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语等。状语从句是副词性从句,相当于副词的用法,其功能是在复合句中作状语。根据状语从句的含义,状语从句一般可以充当时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等状语。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,一般在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语。

名词性从句

1.This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.(2018·北京高考) A.how C.that

B.which D.what

答案 D [句意:这是我父亲教我的——总是面对困难,并抱最大的希望。根据语境可知,此处用what引导表语从句。句中的to always face difficulties and hope for the best是what指代的内容。]

2.The gold medal will be awarded to ________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.(2018·天津高考) A.whomever C.whoever

B.wherever D.whatever

答案 C [句意:金牌将会被颁发给在自行车比赛中获得第一的任何选手。本空需要连接词引导宾语从句,连接词在从句中作主语,指人,同时根据句意可知,应用whoever“……的任何人,无论谁”引导这个宾语从句。]

3.She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library,and I admitted that I hadn’t.(2017·天津高考) A.when C.whether

B.where D.what

答案 C [句意:他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认我还没有还。根据句意,故选C。]

4.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street,not knowing ________ she was heading.(2017·北京高考) A.why C.how

B.where D.when

答案 B [句意:Jane漫无目的地走在两旁栽树的街道上,不知道她将去往何方,根据句意可知选B。]

5.Your support is important to our work.________ you can do helps.(2016·北京高考) A.However C.Whatever

B.Whoever D.Wherever

答案 C [句意:你的支持对我们的工作很重要。无论你能做什么(whatever),都会对我们有帮助。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导主语从句,且在从句中作do的宾语,所以C项whatever “无论什么”符合语境。]

6.The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.(2016·天津高考) A.whether C.which

B.that D.what

答案 B [句意:经理提了个建议——我们应雇个助手。要做的工作太多了。分析句子结构可知,空格后的同位语从句用来解释说明suggestion的具体内容,从句中不缺成分且意义完整,故选B项that。]

7.________ Li Bai,a great Chinese poet,was born is known to the public,but some won’t accept it.(江苏高考) A.That C.Where

B.Why D.How

答案 C [句意:中国的大诗人李白的出生地众所周知,但有些人还不认可。分析句子结构可知,a great Chinese poet是Li Bai的同位语,where Li Bai...was born是主语从句,表示“李白出生的地方”。]

【名师点睛】

名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句。考查的要点主要是连接代词和副词的正确使用,主语、谓语的语序,双重连接词以及特殊句型的使用等。其考点主要包括:

1.考查名词性从句的连接词。如:有词义的连接代词who,whose,whom,what,which; 连接副词when,where,why,how; 从属连词that,whether,if,as if; 无词义的that在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略。 2.考查名词性从句的语序和时态。

3.考查it作形式主语、形式宾语的情况。如:

(1)It+be+形容词(necessary,important,obvious等)+that从句。 (2)It+be+过去分词+that从句。

(3)It+be+名词(a surprise,a fact,a shame,an honour等)+that从句。 (4)It+不及物动词(appear,happen等)+that从句。 4.名词性从句中的虚拟语气。如:

(1)It is (was)+ essential (important,natural...) +that...;

(2)It is (was) suggested (demanded,wished,desired...)that...等。

5.what引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。如:what=the thing that/anything that...; what=the place that...; what=the time that...; what=the person that...等。

6.whoever,whatever,whichever引导名词性从句时的语义功能和语法功能。

定语从句

1.Kate,________ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.(2018·天津高考) A.whom C.whose

B.that D.her

答案 C [句意:凯特到澳大利亚去工作了。读大学的时候我和她的姐姐住一个寝室。从句子结构看,本空需要关系词引导定语从句,先行词为Kate,且关系代词在从句中作定语,因此用关系代词whose引导这个定语从句。]

2.She and her family bicycle to work,________ helps them keep fit.(2018·北京高考) A.which C.as

B.who D.that

答案 A [句意:她和她的家人骑自行车上班,这有助于他们保持健康。根据句子结构可知,此处用which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的事。]

3.My eldest son,________work takes him all over the world,is in New York at the moment.(2017·天津高考) A.that C.his

B.whose D.who

答案 B [本句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是My eldest son,根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语,选项中只有whose能够修饰名词作定语。故选B。]

4.The little problems ________ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.(2017·北京高考) A.that C.where

B.as D.when

答案 A [句意:我们在日常生活中遇到的小问题可能就是伟大发明的灵感。此句是定语从句,从句缺少宾语,先行词是problems,故用that。]

5.I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise.(2016·北京高考) A.whose C.where

B.why D.which

答案 A [句意:我住在一对夫妇的隔壁,他们的孩子(whose children)经常吵吵闹闹。whose引导定语从句,且在从句中作children的定语。]

6.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,________ the weather may be better.(2016·天津高考) A.that C.which

B.where D.when