发布时间 : 星期二 文章2020北京中考海淀实验中学初三零模英语试卷(含文章翻译及答案)更新完毕开始阅读20a1430ee718964bcf84b9d528ea81c758f52ed7
Earth from their vantage point. Over the years, picture quality improved. Shuttle photography now shows land features, such as rivers. It can even show the streets of large cities. Photos of the same places at different times show how the land is changing.
NASA does not use just photographs, though. In 1958 it launched TIROS (the Television Infrared Observation Satellite). This first use of a satellite to study Earth was effective in giving weather forecasts. It led to the creation of new space tools to use in geography.
The Landsat Program began in 1972. This satellite sent detailed views of Earth from space. The pictures were so precise that scientists could count the number and kinds of crops in a field. Landsat showed where Earth’s surface had faults along which earthquakes might happen. This information helped in the planning of new cities and factories. Landsat also made discoveries. In Antarctica it located ranges of
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unknown mountains. It pinpointed small lakes in Virginia that were no ton maps. Landsat, now more advanced, still flies today.
Another space tool is Earth Observing-1 (EO-1). This spacecraft flies right behind Landsat. It takes pictures of the same sites. The two sets of pictures, viewed together, show how cities grow and how other places, such as rain forests, become smaller over time. This helps scientists learn how people affect geography.
One of the newest space tools is the Geographical Information Systems (GIS). GIS is computer software that helps scientists to study Earth. GIS is different from earlier space tools. Businesses, schools, and even average people — not just the government —can use it to show them how changes in the planet might affect them.
地理学是研究地球及其气候的学科。科学家利用它来研究全球变暖和跟踪天气。政府利用它来了解人们在哪里生活和工作，并计划如何利用土地。由于一门叫做空间技术的科学，现在使用地理学比以往任何时候都要容易。
美国于1958年发射了第一颗卫星。随后的一些空间任务是地理研究。事实上，地球科学是美国国家航空航天局（NASA）工作的重要组成部分。
宇航员从航天飞机向外看去。他们决定从有利的角度拍摄地球的照片。多年来，画质提高了。穿梭摄影现在显示的是陆地特征，如河流。它甚至可以显示大城市的街道。同一地点不同时期的照片显示了土地的变化。
不过，美国航天局并不只是使用照片。1958年，它发射了电视红外观测卫星TIROS。第一次使用卫星研究地球对天气预报是有效的。它导致了新的空间工具的产生，可以在地理上使用。
陆地卫星计划始于1972年。这颗卫星从太空发射了详细的地球视图。这些照片非常精确，科学家们可以数出一块地里的作物数量和种类。陆地卫星显示了地球表面可能发生地震的断层的位置。这些信息有助于规划新的城市和工厂。陆地卫星也有发现。在南极洲它位于未知山脉的范围。它精确定位了弗吉尼亚州没有吨级地图的小湖泊。现在更先进的陆地卫星今天仍在飞行。
另一个空间工具是地球观测一号（EO-1）。这艘太空船正好在陆地卫星后面飞行。它拍摄相同网站的照片。这两组图片一起观看，展示了城市是如何发展的，以及其他地方，如雨林，是如何随着时间的推移而变小的。这有助于科学家了解人类如何影响地理。
地理信息系统是最新的空间工具之一。地理信息系统是帮助科学家研究地球的计算机软件。地理信息系统不同于早期的空间工具。企业、学校，甚至普通人——不仅仅是政府——
都可以利用它向他们展示地球的变化可能会对他们产生怎样的影响。
27. Why do governments study geography according to the passage? A. To improve the environment. B. To make the land use plan. C. To make new discoveries. D. To count the crops in a field. 28. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. The U.S. satellite program began in 1972.
B. Landsat was able to take pictures of other planets. C. TIROS was successful in giving weather forecasts. D. GIS can only be used by the government. 29. From the passage, we can infer that .
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A. GIS is the newest computer to study Earth B. NASA only depends on photos to study Earth
C. satellite pictures can give more detailed information D. recent U.S. satellites are as advanced as the old ones
D
For me, Facebook is about staying in touch with friends, whether that means writing on someone’s ‘wall’ or sending them a private message. It’s a useful website for finding long-lost friends, arranging parties and sharing photos. But that’s not all: Facebook is now being used by all kinds of people for all kinds of reasons!
Do you want to play computer games? Log on to Facebook. There are now thousands of entertaining games and puzzles to help you pass the time. Do you want to find cafés, cinemas and bowling alleys in your area? Log on to Facebook pages that you can join and ‘like’, which makes it very easy to search for fun things to do near you. I think it’s brilliant to have all the information that you want on just one website!
People are now joining Facebook to make professional connections too, either with people who do the same kind of work, or with businesses that are looking for new people to work for them.
It’s a pretty good idea since so many people use Facebook these days, especially young people! Even students log on to Facebook to look for summer or part-time jobs.
And that’s not all! Now there are hundreds of pages about sports teams, TV programmes and pop stars to look at on Facebook. However, I believe the main reason most young people use Facebook is because it’s so easy to let the world know what you think about different things or people, whether it’s about a new film at the cinema or whether you prefer Rihanna with long or short hair. You can even write comments directly on other people’s Facebook pages including some stars’ pages. But you have to be careful because giving your opinion online can be dangerous.
We mustn’t forget that Facebook is meant to be fun and shouldn’t be used for saying bad things about people around us. I recently read a news article about a student who had to leave school because she made rude and unfair comments about a teacher on her Facebook wall. Several other school students have been in trouble for similar comments and opinions. In fact, it really annoys me when I see somebody has written nasty things about another person!
It’s true that Facebook is becoming more and more part of our daily lives for many different reasons, and it can be really helpful as well as being a lot of fun. But, as with all websites, we must be careful about how we use it.
对我来说，Facebook就是要和朋友保持联系，无论是写在某人的墙上，还是给他们发私人信息。这是一个寻找失散多年的朋友，安排聚会和分享照片的有用网站。但这并不是全部：Facebook现在被各种各样的人使用
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，原因是各种各样的！
你想玩电脑游戏吗？登录Facebook。现在有成千上万的娱乐游戏和谜题来帮助你打发时间。你想在你的地区找到咖啡馆、电影院和保龄球馆吗？登录Facebook页面，你可以加入和'喜欢'，这使得它很容易搜索有趣的事情做你附近。我认为在一个网站上拥有你想要的所有信息是非常棒的！
人们现在加入Facebook也是为了建立专业联系，要么是与从事同样工作的人建立联系，要么是与正在寻找新员工为他们工作的企业建立联系。
这是个不错的主意，因为现在有很多人使用Facebook，尤其是年轻人！甚至学生也会登录Facebook寻找暑期或兼职工作。
还不止这些！现在Facebook上有数百页关于运动队、电视节目和流行歌星的内容。不过，我相信大多数年轻人使用Facebook的主要原因是，无论是关于电影院的一部新片，还是你更喜欢留长发还是短发的蕾哈娜，让全世界知道你对不同事物或人的看法是如此容易。你甚至可以直接在其他人的Facebook页面上写评论，包括一些明星的页面。但是你必须小心，因为在网上发表你的意见是危险的。
我们不能忘记，Facebook是为了好玩，不应该被用来说我们周围人的坏话。我最近读到一篇新闻文章，说一个学生因为在她的Facebook墙上对一位老师做出粗鲁和不公平的评论而不得不离开学校。其他几名学生也因为类似的评论和意见而陷入困境。事实上，当我看到有人写了别人的坏话时，我真的很生气！
诚然，Facebook正因为许多不同的原因越来越多地成为我们日常生活的一部分，它不仅能给我们带来很多乐趣，也能给我们带来真正的帮助。但是，和所有网站一样，我们必须小心使用它。 30. What does the writer think of the Facebook? A. It is easy for finding a long-lost friend
B. It is dangerous for giving one’s opinion（注意本题的错误原因） C. It is mainly used for business reasons these days. D. It is useful for finding entertainment information.
31. Why does the writer think young people like Facebook so much? A. It’s a good place to read TV programmes reviews. B. They can have conversations about their interests. C. It’s the best place to find information about sports. D. They like having the chance to give their opinions.
32. The underlined word “nasty” in Paragraph 6 probably means “ ”.
A. critical B. private C. unpleasant D. impolite 33. What is the best title of the passage?
A. The use of Facebook
B. The information on Facebook C. The reasons of using Facebook
D. The suggestions for using Facebook
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