发布时间 : 星期四 文章采矿工程中英文对照外文翻译文献更新完毕开始阅读228abbe9cc7931b764ce15ee
utilization of minerals and the resources from inside the earth，on the sake of the complexity and multiplicity of the rock mass and mineral resources of great nature which makes the basic theories of mining subject being more complicated than that of any other engineering subject. Especially in the following aspects featured: the objects of mining subjects are the ore bodies occurred in nature that they differ each other in structure，quality，and property.
3 Five Urgent Requirements on the Tendency towards the Trans-century
Development of Modern Mining Subjects
3. 1 Renewing the Knowledge of Strata 11Zechanics
Above all rock and or ore properties are the prerequisites of the subjects of the study of mining engineering regardless of whether it is excavation，comminuting or strata ,stability strata mechanics is required to make the study along two aspects:(1)From the micro-study to the macro-study(2) The study of the contradictions between rock-breaking and rock stability in the course of mining and excavating. Therefore it is a very broad field of academic study Comparing with common solid materials，rocks are featured structurally for their non-homo.
3.2 Anew Knowledge of Mining Engineering
System-the\，System engineering had found in recent years very rapid development，and wide applications m mining engineering. Been modeled after the \machine’s Generally, mining systems engineering considerably studies had system model used in aerospace engineering and other departments of en Bering. In recent years，Prof. Fettwice of the Montan University of Austria and the
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author of this paper both had put forth the opinion that the objects of mining engineerm8 Machine are ore bodies and rock strata, the activities of mining engineering are those played with by the man in getting the knowledge of the environment underground.
3.3 Reforming the Conventional Mining Technologies and Industries with Modern
New technologies
The major policy of China of reforming the conventional industries with new-and-high techs of great importance and no doubt to its conventional industries. The essential features of new-and-high techs are highly technology-intensive.
Just as discussed in the beginning of this paper，speaking with respect to the reforming of mining engineering and coal industry with new-and-high techs，it is essential to introduce merely those ones which enable to make these two industries swiftly commercialized. Since mine is concerned with the natural surround gas of ground，the new techs，however，as those used in aerospace engineering in the care for %up to sky\when used for 0getting down into the earth in mining engineering practices evidently are needed to make completely different modalities. In 1080s，Berlin Poly }ethnic university had applied optic fiber telecommunication technology- in underground mining，giving rise to abundant interference problems of earth magnetism，electricity and light wave, and the insulation of strata to the conduction electronic waves. The BPM man had the problems s finally tailed，however，through a long time of research work. Therefore，to have the minerals industries well prepared technically for the 21st century，to paying great attention the following fields of study are required3.
3.4 Making the study of market-economy mineral economics theories
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For a long time that the mineral economics theory in China had been given distinct features of planning economy，while in the theory itself，mineral resources were not recognized as commodities and had no prices. Consequently，even though the mineral products had prices but were distorted ones making all national mining enterprises non-profitable and to exist depending on governmental policy-subsidization. Now the country, however，has changed into socialist market economy, most mineral enterprises radically cannot accommodate themselves to this new situation，in particular，from the point of view of \mineral resources，the near-term policy of the so-called “wherever there’ water，flow it fast\，which had made the mineral industry from the repeated view-point of and the enriching the Pleasants policy, has caused the price deficit due to low
selling-price of minerals into even worse situation of disorder，no-restraint and anarchy of scrambling for extracting the mineral resources putting the mineral industries in a tight spot unabling to feed themselves. Under this circumstance，the importance of undertaking the soft science research right now becomes more conspicuous to the mineral industries than ever before. One can predict that had the theoretical study of mineral economics theory been made ,portent break troughs，that it would radically change the face of our mineral industries.
3.5 Relationship between Mineral Engineering and Natural Ecology
Mining engineering is the removal of rocks and minerals to the surface through excavations from underground deep in the earth or from the ground surface leaving the excavated space so formed. Every turn meters Surface every year subsidence in China. of the commodity flow of mining products reaches billion cubic Obviously it has caused many negative effects，for example:(1)uses of waste rock which results in the damages
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of farming lands and houses;(2) Large volrefuse and tailings occupy large area of land; and (3) Coal and oil burning products give off waste materials，such as exhaust gas，waste liquids，and solids and pollute the environment. In China，80 percent of 1. 1 billion tons of coal burned as fuel，from which，dust，sulpher and the of NO2and CO2 and the effective less heating effect seriously constitutes a menace to the ecological environment of China and the neighboring countries.
4 Suggestions opment of to the Science and Technology Circles of the Nation
for the Develop-the Mining Subject
4.1 An Unguent Appeal
No doubt the \，however，the getting down into the earth\，and even more difficult to pin down. It is no wonder that people consider that mineral engineering being much simpler and pay less attention for lack of the knowledge of the resulting in the low rate of mineral recovery and low rate of mineral extracting. For this country, but to spend a great many of valuable hard currency to import those actually need not to import raw materials and else，naturally this is not favorable to the development of national economy. Hoping the science and technology circles，in particular their leading departments，renewing their recognitions to this awkward situation，and give necessary support to the urgently-needed topics of research studies of the mineral industries. 4.2 National Resource Policy
National resource policy concerns the future for many generations. Hoping the government population institutions relevant learn Iron the lesson of the past
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