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工程硕士(GCT)英语-135
(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Part Ⅰ Vocabulary an(总题数：10，分数：20.00)
1.He insisted that all of them______present at the banquet.
（分数：2.00） A.are B.were C.be D.are to
2.A thorough study of biology requires______with the properties of trees and plants, and the habit of birds and beasts.
（分数：2.00） A.acquisition B.discrimination C.curiosity D.familiarity
3.Ted Robinson______these days.
（分数：2.00） A.was worried B.is worried C.had been worried D.has been worded
4.It is necessary that an efficient worker______his work on time.
（分数：2.00） A.accomplishes B.can accomplish C.accomplish D.has accomplished
5.The returns in the short ______ may be small, but over a number of years the investment will be well repaid.
（分数：2.00） A.interval B.range C.span D.term
6.She had her finger______when she was cutting paper.
（分数：2.00） A.cut B.cutting C.to cut D.Cuts
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7.This material______well.
（分数：2.00） A.wears B.is worn C.worn D.is wearing
8.There were many people present and he appeared only for a few seconds, so I only caught a______of him.
（分数：2.00） A.glance B.glimpse C.look D.sight
9.The machine needs a complete______since it has been in use for over ten years.
（分数：2.00） A.amending B.fitting C.mending D.renovating
10.I don't think it's wise of you to______your greater knowledge in front of the director, for it may offend him.
（分数：2.00） A.show up B.show out C.show in D.show off
二、Part Ⅱ Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)
Community cancer clusters are viewed quite differently by citizen activists than by epidemiologists. Environmentalists and concerned local residents, for instance, might immediately suspect environmental radiation as the culprit when a high incidence of cancer cases occurs near a nuclear facility. Epidemiologists, in contrast, would be more likely to say that the incidences were \or the result of pure chance. And when a breast cancer survivor, Lorraine Pace, mapped 20 breast cancer cases occurring in her West Islip, Long Island, community, her rudimentary research efforts were guided more by hope that a specific environmental agent could be correlated with the cancers than by scientific method.
When epidemiologists study clusters of cancer cases and other noncontagious conditions such as birth defects or miscarriage, they take several variables into account, such as background rate (the number of people affected in the general population), cluster size, and specificity (any notable characteristics of the individual affected in each case). If a cluster is both large and specific, it is easier for epidemiologists to assign blame. Not only must each variable be considered on its own, but it must also be combined with others. Lung cancer is very common in the general population. Yet when a huge number of cases turned up among World War II shipbuilders who had all worked with asbestos, the size of the cluster and the fact that the men had had similar occupational asbestos exposures enabled epidemiologists to assign blame to the fibrous mineral. Although several known carcinogens have been discovered through these kinds of occupational or
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medical clusters, only one community cancer cluster has ever been traced to an environmental cause. Health officials often discount a community's suspicion of a common environmental cause because citizens tend to include cases that were diagnosed before the afflicted individuals moved into the neighborhood. Add to this the problem of cancer's latency. Unlike an infectious disease such as cholera, which is caused by a recent exposure to food or water contaminated with the cholera bacterium, cancer may have its roots in an exposure that occurred 10 to 20 years earlier. Do all these caveats mean that the hard work of Lorraine Pace and other community activists is for nothing? Not necessarily. Together with many other reports of breast cancer clusters on Long Island, the West Islip situation highlighted by Pace has helped epidemiologists lay the groundwork for a well designed scientific study.
（分数：10.00）
(1).The \（分数：2.00）
A.help reduce the incidence of breast cancer in future generations B.improve her chances of surviving breast cancer
C.determine the cause responsible for her own breast cancer case D.identify a particular cause for the breast cancer cases in West Islip
(2).The case of the World War II shipbuilders with lung cancer is an example of______.（分数：2.00）
A.an occupational cluster B.a medical cluster C.a radiation cluster D.an environmental cluster
(3).The passage suggests that the fact that \one community cancer cluster bas ever been traced to all environmental cause\（分数：2.00）
A.methodological difficulties in analyzing community cancer clusters
B.reluctance of epidemiologists to investigate environmental factors in cancer
C.lack of credibility of citizen activists in claiming to have identified cancer agents D.effectiveness of regulations restricting the use of carcinogens in residential areas (4).Activists may mistakenly consider a particular incidence of cancer as part of a community cluster despite the fact that______.（分数：2.00）
A.the affected individual never worked with any carcinogenic material B.the cancer was actually caused by a long-ago exposure C.the size of the cluster is too small to be meaningful D.the cancer actually arose in a different geographic location
(5).The word \（分数：2.00） A.refusals by epidemiologists to examine the work of Pace and other activists B.potential flaws in amateur studies of cancer cluster
C.warnings by activists concerning environmental dangers in their communities D.tendencies of activists to assume environmental causes for cancer
My parents' house had an attic, the darkest and strangest part of the building, reachable only by placing a stepladder beneath the trapdoor, and filled with unidentifiable articles too important to be thrown out with the trash but no longer suitable to have at hand. This mysterious space was the memory of the place. After many years all the things deposited in it became, one by one, lost to consciousness. But they were still there, we knew, safely and comfortably stored in the tissues of the house.
These days most of us live in smaller, more modem houses or in apartments, and attics have vanished.
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Even the deep closets in which we used to pile things up for temporary forgetting are rarely designed into new homes. Everything now is out in the open, openly acknowledged and displayed, and whenever we grow tired of a memory, an old chair, a trunkful of old letters, they are cast into the dump for burning.
This has seemed a healthier way to live, except maybe for the smoke everything out to be looked at, nothing strange hidden under the roof, nothing forgotten because of no place left in impenetrable darkness to forget. Openness is the new lifestyle, no undisclosed belongings, no private secrets. Candor is the role in architecture. The house is a machine for living, and what kind of machine would hide away its worn-out, deserted parts?
But it is in our nature as human beings to clutter, and we long for places set aside, reserved for storage. We tend to accumulate and outgrow possessions at the same time, and it is an endlessly discomforting mental task to keep sorting out the ones to get rid of. We might, we think, remember them later and find a use for then, and if they are gone for good, off to the damp, this is a source of nervousness. I think it may be one of the reasons we drum our fingers so much these days.
We might take a lesson here from what has been learned about our brains in this century. We thought we discovered, first off, the attic, although its existence has been mentioned from time to time by all the people we used to call great writers. What we really found was the trapdoor and a stepladder, and off we clambered, shining flashlights into the comers, vacuuming the dust out of bureau drawers, puzzling over the names of objects, tossing them down to the floor below, and finally paying around fifty dollars an hour to have them cast away for burning.
（分数：10.00）
(1).Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00） A.The Attic of the Brain.
B.Openness of the Modem Lifestyle. C.Modem Houses and Old Houses. D.The Attic of My Parents' Hous
(2).When comparing the new lifestyle with the old one, the author seems to assume a tone of______.（分数：2.00）
A.admiration for the new lifestyle B.regret for the loss of the old lifestyle C.a contempt for the new lifestyle D.appreciation for both lifestyles
(3).The word \（分数：2.00） A.simplicity B.sophistication C.openness D.immensity
(4).According to the author, it is human nature to______.（分数：2.00） A.keep accumulating and classifying new things B.search for new uses for old things C.set aside old things and reserve them D.disclose private secrets
(5).The author implies in the last paragraph that______.（分数：2.00） A.it is not necessary to spend so much money studying the brain B.we have uncovered all the secrets about our brains C.we are too eager to search every comer of our life
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