A8-Test Bank Part II-Chapter 6 Supporting Your Ideas 联系客服

发布时间 : 星期四 文章A8-Test Bank Part II-Chapter 6 Supporting Your Ideas更新完毕开始阅读31098429a31614791711cc7931b765ce05087a23

Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

a. b. c. d. personal paraphrased peer direct

25. In her speech about child abuse, Kim included the following statement:

The effects of child abuse last long after the child has grown to adulthood. As one victim of child abuse stated in a local newspaper article just last week, “I know it sounds crazy, but sometimes I still wake up in fear in the middle of the night. Even worse, I find myself raging at my own children and treating them like my parents treated me.”

According to your textbook, what kind of supporting material did Kim use? a. Peer testimony.

b. Extended testimony. c. Expert testimony. d. Valid testimony.

26. To paraphrase is to __________.

a. create a new way of describing an event b. violate ethical standards of public speaking

c. give the gist of someone’s statement in your own words d. use someone else’s words so you don’t have to credit them

27. To give the gist of someone’s statement in your own words is to __________.

a. hypothesize b. paraphrase c. corroborate d. testify

28. Using expert testimony is an excellent way to lend __________ to your speeches.

a. vividness b. reliability c. concreteness d. credibility

29. Which of the following would probably be the most reliable source of testimony in a speech

about the impact of automobile exhaust on air pollution? a. The president of General Motors.

b. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. c. A public relations officer at Ford Motors. d. The head of the Better Business Bureau.

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

30. Which of the following would probably be the most reliable source of testimony in a speech

about successful dieting strategies?

a. The CEO of Dow Chemical for North Asia Pacific. b. A psychology professor from Peking University.

c. A scientist studying weight-loss methods at the International Life Sciences Institute in

China.

d. An infomercial for the NutriSystem weight-loss program.

31. What suggestion presented in your textbook for using supporting materials is used in the

following speech excerpt?

Since it first opened for business, McDonald’s has sold over 100 billion hamburgers. To give you an idea how many hamburgers that is, think of it this way: Since each McDonald’s burger (with the bun) is about 2 inches thick, 100 billion hamburgers stacked on top of each other would reach over 3 million miles?fifteen times as far as the moon.

a. Explain your statistics.

b. Present testimony from qualified sources. c. Use examples to quantify ideas. d. Use statistics to personalize ideas.

Short Answer Questions

1. In addition to clarifying, personalizing, and reinforcing a speaker’s ideas, examples often appeal powerfully to our emotions.

2. One way to use brief examples is to pile them one upon the other until you create the desired impression.

3. By using a hypothetical example, a speaker can create a an imaginary scenario, relate it directly to his/her listeners, and get them involved in the speech.

4. Careful listeners usually keep an ear out for the sources of a speaker’s numbers.

5. According to your textbook, what three questions should you ask when evaluating statistics?

a. Are the statistics representative? b. Are statistical measures used correctly? c. Are the statistics from a reliable source?

6. In addition to explaining statistics verbally, you can use visual aids to give them clarity and meaning.

7. Rather than drowning your audience in a sea of numbers, you can use a graph or chart to represent the numbers visually.

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

8. In most speeches you will probably rely on expert testimony, that is, testimony from people who are acknowledged authorities in their fields.

9. Peer testimony are opinions of ordinary citizens who have firsthand experience on the topic.

Essay Questions

1. Explain the differences among the three types of examples discussed in the textbook. How

can each be used effectively to support a speaker’s ideas?

2. What is the difference between peer testimony and expert testimony? What are the principal

benefits of using each kind of testimony in a speech?

3. Identify and explain the five guidelines discussed in your textbook for using testimony

effectively in a speech.

4. Explain why quoting out of context can have serious consequences. Use an example to help

illustrate your point.

5. Each of the following statements violates at least one of the criteria for effective supporting

materials. Explain the flaw (or flaws) in each statement.

a. As Guo Degang stated in a recent talk show, eating plans that contain 1,000 to 1,200

calories each day will help most women lose weight safely. He added that eating plans that contain 1,200 to 1,600 calories each day are right for men seeking to lose weight. Those calorie levels may also be right for women who weigh 75 kilograms or more or who often exercise.

b. A random survey taken last month in a business class at Peking University indicated that

27 out of 30 students used the iPad as a learning tool. Therefore we can conclude that at least 90% of the college students in China use the iPad for education purposes.

c. Some high school teachers now believe that tension headaches may result from changes

among brain chemicals such as serotonin (血清素). These changes may start sending pain messages to the brain. The changes may interfere with brain activity that suppresses pain.

d. According to a survey sponsored by the Wahaha Nutrition Express Line, the Wahaha

nutri-express milk and fruit juice soft drink enjoys greater popularity among Chinese consumers than competing products.

6. What are the three major types of supporting materials used in public speeches? Evaluate the

use of all three types in the following speech excerpt. Be sure to deal with all the supporting materials in the excerpt, and be specific in your evaluation.

People have known since ancient times that aspirin helps to reduce pain and high body temperature. But in recent years, it has gained important new uses.

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

Researchers of a pharmaceutical company (制药公司) say some people who took two

aspirin pills a day had lower rates of colorectal cancer (直肠癌). They conclude that aspirin may help patients with colon cancer(结肠癌)live longer.

Aspirin can reduce pain and swelling in damaged tissues. But it can also harm the inside of the stomach and small intestine. And sometimes it can cause bleeding.

A doctor first reported this effect in the 1950s. He observed unusual bleeding in children who chewed on an aspirin product to ease the pain after a common operation. He believed the bleeding took place because aspirin prevented blood from thickening. He thought this effect might help prevent heart attacks caused by blood clots. He examined the medical records of 8,132 aspirin users and found no heart attacks in this group. But it was years before large studies took place.

A Harvard Medical School researcher led one of the studies. In 1983, he began to study 22,456 healthy male doctors over 40 years of age. Half took an aspirin every other day. The others took only a placebo (安慰药丸). Five years later, he reported that people who took aspirin reduced their risk of a heart attack. But they had a higher risk of bleeding in the brain than the other doctors.

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