专题18 书面表达-2017年中考英语考点总动员系列(解析版) 联系客服

发布时间 : 星期四 文章专题18 书面表达-2017年中考英语考点总动员系列(解析版)更新完毕开始阅读31669397a7c30c22590102020740be1e640ecc40

考点十八 书面表达

聚焦考点☆温习理解 中考英语写作指导

中考中的书面表达题,主要有“补全对话”、“看图填词”、“看图写话”、“看图作答”、“看图完成短文”、“看图完成句子”和“根据提示的内容,完成某项写作”等形式。这类题型的考试目的在于:通过书面形式测试考生口头会话和作简单书面表达的能力。下面作一简单介绍: 一、测试要点

一般说来,测试的主要内容都是以日常生活为背景,进行简单的会话或写作。例如:问候、问路、看病、打电话、购物、自我介绍等功能意念项目和简单的应用文,例如:便条、通知、短信等。一个题目写10个左右的句子,字数为80-100个左右。 二、日常训练与应试注意事项

1.平时要注意句型与对话的学习,注意听说训练,积极参与听说训练的教学活动,以达到会话相当熟练的程度。

2.在会话中,注意常在情景中使用的习惯用语、套语的归纳和应用,做到脱口而出,应对如流。 3.注意口语与书面语的区别及一些特殊的表达方法,做题时一定要瞻前顾后,既要看到前面的内容,又要看到后面的语句;既要符合习惯用法,又要注意表达的准确性。

4.要经常进行日常应用文和命题作文的学习与训练。 三、解题技巧

1.要注意看清题目的要求与提供的情景,需用哪些习惯用语,哪种时态,根据词数限制,应选用哪一种表达方式为最佳。

2.表达要正确,要注意英美人的习惯用语,切忌随心所欲,用中文去对照英文进行翻译。例如:a:how do you do? 此题只能选择how do you do?”来回答,除此,无第二种选择。如果从语法和字数方面来考虑,那将会有“how old are you?”“what is your name?”“where are you from?”等多种与问句不符的答语。

3.注意在一些交际场合中,习惯使用的客套语。只要根据已知部分,就可推测出未知部分。例如:how are you?回答 可用“fine ” “I’m fine,thank you。”如果用“how do you do?”来回答 ,就大错特错了。

4.在写应用文类命题作文或对话时,应注意应用文的格式、人称、动词的时态等用法;写短文或对话时,要注意切题,不写没有把握的句子,切忌为使文章生动,在句中随意增加自己无把握的词,导致中文式英语而影响考试成绩。尽量用自己熟悉的句型和词汇来表达一个完整的意思就可以了。

在这里给出了四个步骤,初三学生不妨在复习时按此法多多练习。

1、认真审题包括文字说明、图表、短文提供的资料和信息,以及参考词汇、字数要求等,准确把握人物关系和故事情节,理解主题大意,审清文体,确定格式,确定人称、主体时态。

2、列出要点结合提示信息,把涉及的所有写作要点逐条列出,编写要点提纲,组织语言。如:(1).开篇句:I think that.。。我认为......;It is often said that....。。人们经常这么说......(2).连接句:Among all the given reasons,one should be mentioned。在所有理由中,有一个值得一提;The main reason why......is that....。。之所以....。。的主要原因是......(3).结束句:一般情况下,记叙文和说明文采用自然结尾法;夹叙夹议和发表观点类的文章则往往有结束语,首尾呼应。结尾的形式也因文章类别和开头的风格而灵活多变。如:Taking into account all these factors, we may safely reach the conclusion that……考虑到所有这些因素,我们可以做出这样的结论……另外,书信的结尾常有以下形式的祝福语:Best wishes; I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy new year等。

3、完成写作写作时语言要纯正地道,避免母语的影响;用多种表达方式,避免重复和呆板;使用熟悉的短语、句式,提高准确率。如:(1).并列关系的过渡词:and,as well as, not only... but also,neither...nor......both...and……(2).转折关系的过渡词:but, yet,however……(3).时间关系的过渡词:first, second,third, and then, finally, after,before, after a few days, atlast……(4).空间关系的过渡词:near (to), far (from),in the front of, beside,behind, beyond, above, below, to theright……(5).比较关系的过渡词:in the sameway, just like, justas……(6).对照关系的过渡词:but, still, yet, however, onthe other hand, in spiteof……(7).递进关系的过渡词:also, and, then, too,inaddition……(8).因果关系的过渡词:because, since, then,so,therebefore……(9).解释说明的过渡词:for example, in fact, in this case,for,actually......(10).强调的过渡词:in fact, in deed, necessarily,certainly,without any doubt, truly, most important……(11).目的的过渡词:for this reason, for this purpose……12.列举的过渡词:for example,such as……(13).总结性的过渡词:in conclusion, finally……

4、仔细检查查格式是否有误;人称、时态是否恰当;语法结构是否正确;注意英汉表达的差异;字母大小写;字数是否合乎要求等。

名师点睛☆典例分类 【例1】假设你校英语节正在举办“奥斯卡影片欣赏”活动,并开展My Favourite Film Star征文活动。请根据所提供的信息,用英语写篇短文,并发表自己的感想。内容提示见下表:

莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥 1974年11月11日出生于美国 1997年主演《泰坦尼克号》, 标志着他成功生涯的开始 基本信息 演艺生涯 2016年因在《荒野猎人》中的角色获得奥斯卡最佳男演员奖 参演30多部影片,闻名于世 1998年设立莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥基金会 鼓励人们保护环境 …… 注意事项: 1.征文须包括表格中所

其他成就 评价感想 有提示内容,要求语句通顺、意思连贯;

2.表格中“评价感想”一栏须用2—3句话展开合理想象,作适当发挥; 3.词数在90个左右,征文的开头已给出,不计入总词数。

参考词汇:

《泰坦尼克号》(Titanic) 《荒野猎人》(The Revenant)

奥斯卡最佳男演员奖 (the Oscar Best Actor)

莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥基金会 (Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation) My Favourite Film Star

My favourite film star is Leonardo DiCaprio.

___________________________________________________ 【答案】

My Favourite Film Star

My favourite film star is Leonardo DiCaprio. He was born in America on November 11, 1974. He played the lead role in the film Titanic in 1997. That marked the beginning of his successful career. He won the Oscar for Best Actor for his role in the film The Revenant in 2016. He has acted in over 30 films and he’s famous all over the world now. He set up Leonardo DiCaprio Foundation in 1998. He encourages people to protect the environment. He’s considered as a superstar. I think he’s also very helpful. We should learn from him. 【解析】

试题分析:这篇作文叫小作者介绍自己的感想。在写作时要构思好文章的结构,注意要点一定齐全。句子要完整,表达准确,注意时态的变化和主谓一致。文中可适当使用一些连接词来加强文章的逻辑性。 写作亮点:这篇作文结构清晰完整,表达准确流利,要点齐全。文中有一些好的表达方式如That marked the beginning of his successful career. He won the Oscar for Best Actor for his role in the film The Revenant in 2016. He has acted in over 30 films and he’s famous all over the world now.等等。

考点:提纲类作文。

【例2】根据中文提示和英文书信内容,请代王涛给David写一封回信,回答信中的问题,介绍合肥良好的公交服务,并谈谈你的感受。词数在80—100字。已给的开头和结尾不计人总词数:

Hi!Wang Tao, My grandpa is going to Hefei this summer vacation because he has heard a lot about the city and he would like to see it himself.He says the bus service in Hefei is very good。and the people are very friendly.Is that right? Can you tell me something more about it? I’m looking forward to learning from you soon. Yours, David Hi!David, I’m glad to know your grandpa is coming to Hefei.____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________ If you have more questions,please ask me. 【答案】 Yours, Wang Hi! David, Tao 【答案】

I’m glad to know your grandpa is coming to Hefei. Your grandpa is right. Now great changes have taken place in Hefei and the bus service is really very good. There are a lot of bus lines all over Hefei and buses can take you anywhere. People don’t need to spend a long time waiting for a bus and the tickets are cheap. Besides, three subway lines are being built. In the coming future, the transport in Hefei will become better.

I like taking a bus to school because it’s comfortable and safe. Also it’s good for our environment. So it’s a good choice for your grandpa to travel by bus in Hefei. If you have more questions, please ask me

Yours, Wang Tao 【解析】

写作亮点:本文行文流畅,语言规范。各种时态的使用非常准确,被动语态“Besides, three subway lines are