发布时间 : 星期四 文章仲伟合：英语口译教程更新完毕开始阅读393759270722192e4536f624
公里/千米kilometer (km) 英里mile (mi) 英寸inch (in) 英尺foot (ft) 码yard (yd) 重量：
毫克milligram (mg) 克gram (g)
千克/公斤kilogram (kg) 吨ton (t) 磅pound (lb)
市斤half a kilogram 市两fifty grams 盎司ounce (oz) 面积：
平方米square meter (㎡) 平方尺square foot (ft2)
平方公里square kilometer (km2) 平方英里square mile (kmi2) 公顷hectare 英亩acre
市亩mu (667 square meters) 体积和容积：
立方米cubic meter (m3) 升liter (l)
毫升milliliter (ml)
立方英尺cubic mile (mi3) 品脱pint (pt) 加仑gallon (gl) 货币：
人民币元RMB/￥ 美元USD/$ 英镑pound/￡ 欧元euro/￠ 港币HKD/$
日元Japanese yen/〒其它： 瓦特watt (w) 焦耳joule (j) 欧姆ohm
安培ampere (A)
度kilowatt per hour (kwh) 摄氏度degree Celsius (℃) 华氏度degree Fahrenheit (℉)
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4．倍数的翻译 4.1 倍数的增加
中翻英时，表达“数字A 是数字B 的X 倍”，有两种翻译方法：“A is X times as large as B”或“A is X times larger than B”。正如前文所述，中英两种语言在这方面的表达存在差异， 这两种英语表达法意义是完全一样的，但由于第二种表达容易引起别人的误会，理解成“A 是B 的（X＋1）倍”，所以最好避免使用。而在英翻中时，表达“A is X times as large as B”，也有两种翻译方法：“A 是B 的X 倍” 或“A 比B 大（X－1）倍”。第二种表达因为要经过换算，比较繁琐，所以最好避免使用。
4.2 倍数的减少
在中文中，我们是不会用倍数来表达数量的减少的，例如，我们不会说“A 比B 小X 倍”，而是用分数，表达为“A 比B 小几分之几”。因此，在翻译英语倍数的减少时，需要进行换算，具体规律是英语中所说的“X times smaller”，即是中文中的“减少了X－1/X”， 或“是1/X”。例如：
“A is four times smaller than B.”译为“A 比B 小四分之三”，或“A 是B 的四分之一”；
“A is six times smaller than B.”译为“A 比B 小六分之五”，或“A 是B 的四六分之一”。
5．概数的翻译
在中文里，我们经常使用数字，并不是为了表达一个明确的数目，而是一个模糊的概念。在这种情况下，译员不能够简单死板地将数字翻成英语中的对应表达，而是应该领会讲话人的意图，进行灵活的翻译。以下一些习惯用语中，数字的表达就应该作为概数来处理：
冰冻三尺，非一日之寒Rome was not built in a day. 十年树木，百年树人It takes time to educate a person. 五湖四海/四面八方all over the world 三思而后行Look before you leap.
新官上任三把火A new broom sweeps clean. 一不做，二不休In for a penny, in for a pound
5．选词的变化
译员在表达数字变化趋势时还要注意选词的变化，特别是在数字密集出现时，如果总是用一种表达方法，会显得非常单调。以下列举一些数字趋势的表达：
（总计）达到： add up to, amount to, hit, reach, stand at, total 增长：increase (to/by), go up, grow, rise
猛增：hike, jump up, shoot up, skyrocket, soar, surge, zoom 缓增：climb, pick up
下降：decrease (to/by), decline, drop, fall, go down, reduce 猛降：plummet, plunge, slash, tumble 稍降：dip, slip, trim
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占：account for, cover, equal, equivalent to
超出：exceed, outnumber, outpace, outstrip, surpass 停滞：freeze, stagnate, stay
第二部分练习篇
Exercise One
Instruction: Work in pairs. One student read the following figures aloud in the language given, the other take notes and then interpret them into the target language. Take turns to practice.
四千三百八十六 二百七十四点九 五万五千九百三十二 十一万零八百四十一 五十四万九千六百三十八 二百七十四万三千六百九十四 八千八百五十九万七千三百二十 二亿三千七百一十五万零二百三十六 十六亿八千九百九十万三千七百五十四 七百零四亿九千三百五十七万九千零四十八 One hundred and thirteen point eight four Six thousand four hundred and thirty-one Seventy hundred and forty-two
Eight hundred and thirty-seven thousand one hundred and five Nine hundred and sixty-five thousand and seventy-seven
Four million eight hundred and three thousand seven hundred and twelve
Ninety-four million two hundred and seventeen thousand eight hundred and twenty-six Five hundred and thirty million one hundred and thirty-nine thousand seven hundred and forty-seven
Two billion five hundred and thirty-three million eight hundred and five thousand one hundred and one
Thirty-seven billion nine hundred and twenty-five million four hundred and forty-one and thirty eight
Exercise Two
Instruction: Listen to the following texts once, and then start interpreting at the end of each segment.
Text 8.1 Finance and Marketing for the Guangzhou Asian Games
The city of Guangzhou has a thriving economy. During the 1999-2003 period, the city?s total fiscal revenues reached an average annual growth of 18%. As the economy is growing
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steadily, it is estimated that by the year 2010 the revenues will exceed 9 billion USD per year. //
Sports undertakings are one of the prioritized sectors in government expenditure. The government?s investment in sports undertakings reached 13.9 million USD in 2002, and increased to 19.6 million in 2003.//
If Guangzhou is selected as the host city of the 2010 Asian Games, we shall be able to supply the required funds year by year for timely completing the stadiums, gymnasiums, and related facilities necessary for staging the Games. //
广州经济发达，财力雄厚。1999 年至2003 年，广州市财政收入累计195.4 亿美元， 年均增长速度达到18%。随着经济的持续稳定增长，预计到2010 年广州的财政收入将超过90 亿美元。//
体育事业是政府公共财力投入的重点领域之一，2002 年广州财政投入体育事业经费1390 万美元，2003 年增加到1960 万美元。//如广州获准承办2010 年亚运会，我们将确保举办亚运会所必需的公共财力，逐年安排资金，按时完成亚运体育场馆及配套设施的建设。//
A reliable plan for securing funds: To raise the funds for staging the 2010 Asian Games, we have drawn up a reliable plan, which falls into two parts. Part one is the non-OCAG budgetary estimates, which put the total investment at 1.1727 billion USD. Of this estimated total investment, 425.2 million USD will go to the construction of the sites, including the construction of new ones and renovation of the existing ones.//
723.4million USD will be spent on relevant facilities, including the Athletes? Village, the Media Village, the Press Center, tree planting and environmental protection around these places. The funds for this purpose are to be raised by the government and non-government sectors together. //
为解决举办2010 年亚运会所需要的资金，我们编制了合理稳妥的资金计划。分为两大部分：第一部分为非组委会概算，总投入为11.727 亿美元。其中，场馆设施计划投资为4.252 亿美元，包括新建场馆和现有体育场馆的更新改造投资。//
配套设施投资7.234 亿美元，主要建设亚运村、记者村、新闻中心、场馆道路绿化和环境保护等设施。资金由政府和民间共同筹集。//
Part two is the OCAG budgetary estimates. The total revenues would be 205 million USD, and the total expenditure 202 million USD. Of the total expenditure, 52 million USD would be spent on staging the Games, which is to be used mainly by the competition division of the OCAG and the competition committees for individual events.// 48.75 million USD would be spent on publicity and promotion, mainly in China, but also in Asia and other parts of the world, the latter to be carried out by the OCAG and the OCA.//
第二部分为组委会概算。收入总额为2.05 亿美元，支出总额为2.02 亿美元。支出项目中，安排竞赛费用5200 万美元，主要包括组委会竞赛部和各单项竞委会组织各项比赛需要的费用；//安排宣传推广及文化等费用4875 万美元，主要包括国内宣传推广及文化等费用，以及亚组委与亚奥理事会在亚洲及世界范围内共同进行的宣传推广费用。//
These scientific and prudent budgetary estimates have been worked out in strict accordance with the requirements set by the OCA for hosting the Games. Each item contains a reasonable allowance for unforeseen spending.// In conclusion, if Guangzhou is selected as the host city, we
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