发布时间 : 星期二 文章写错英语句子的10种类型更新完毕开始阅读39b80bdffd0a79563c1e72e5
写错英语句子的10种类型
、母语干扰型
多同学在进行英语写作时，很容易受汉语的影响而写错句子，即写出所谓的Chinlish。这是最常见的错误之一。如： 事实上，这个人年纪很轻。
：In fact, the man’s age is very young.
：In fact, the man is very young.
：中国人常说“年纪轻”，但英语中的 young 本身就有“年纪轻”的意思，它习惯上不再与age 搭配使用。类似地，汉语说“他
不能译成 His age is very old，而应是 He is very old. 我的工作太忙，我不能来。
：My work is too busy and I can’t come.
：I’m too busy and I can’t come.
：汉语说“工作忙”，实际上是指“人忙”。类似地，要表达汉语中的“我的事情很忙”，英语只需说 I’m busy 就够了，而不能
ngs are busy.
这个老太太的左眼瞎了。
：The old woman’s left eye is blind.
：The old woman is blind in the left eye.
：汉语中说“眼瞎”，而按英语习惯却要说“人瞎”，瞎在哪儿?瞎在“眼睛”，所以英语中要表达类似意思总是用“人”作主语，
语引出“瞎”的位置。同样地，要表示“他的左腿是跛的”，不能说成 His left leg is lame, 而应说成 He is lame in his left leg.他身体很好，很少生病。
：His body is good / healthy, and seldom falls ill.
：He’s healthy, and seldom falls ill.
：汉语说“身体好”，其实是指某人的健康处于一种良好的状态，而绝不是指他的躯体是完好的。 我讨厌周末拥挤的交通。
：I hate the crowded traffic on weekends.
：I hate the busy / heavy traffic on weekends.
：汉语可说“拥挤的交通、街道、房间、商店等”，而英语中虽然可说 crowded streets / rooms, shops等，但习惯上不说 crowde
汤姆打了鲍勃的脸。
：Tom hit Bob’s face.
：Tom hit Bob in the face.
：汉语中可以说“打某人的脸”，而英语中必须先说“打某人”再+介词+the+身体的某个部位。又如“打某人的鼻子”译为hit sb.
“抓住某人的胳膊”译为catch sb. by the arm.
、成分残缺型
多同学在进行英语写作时，通常不考虑句子的完整性而写出一些成分残缺的句子。如： 他的笔头英语不错，但口语不行。
：His written English is good, but not good at spoken English.
：His written English is good, but his spoken English is not good.
：He is good at written English, but not good at spoken English.
：误句中 but 后的句子缺适当的主语，因为 good at spoken English 的主语应是“他”，而不是 his written English。 英语很有趣，我的确很喜欢。
：English is very interesting, and I really like very much.
：English is very interesting, and I really like it very much.
：like 是及物动词，其后通常应有宾语。 别怕，我们会帮你的。
：Don’t afraid; we’ll help you.
：Don’t be afraid; we’ll help you.
：误句谓语不完整，因为 afraid 是形容词，不是动词，不能单独作谓语，必须和连系动词一起构成谓语。当然，若说成 Don’t fe
以。
住在我隔壁的李明是个医生。
：Li Ming, lives next to me, is a doctor.
：Li Ming, who lives next to me, is a doctor.
：Li Ming, living next to me, is a doctor.
：误句中定语成分不完整。定语从句是一个完整的句子，当先行词指人且关系代词在从句中作主语时要用that或who。也可用现在
置定语。
你介意我问你一个问题吗?
：Do you mind I ask you a question?
：Do you mind if I ask you a question?
：Do you mind my asking you a question?
：误句中的主句和从句之间缺少连接词。也可以用动名词短语作mind的宾语。 他考试及格了使他妈妈很高兴。
：He passed the exam made his mother very happy.
：That he passed the exam made his mother very happy.
：He passed the exam, which made his mother very happy.
：误句中的主语应该是由主语从句来承担的。that引导主语从句，不做成分，无实际意义，但不能省略。也可以用非限定性定语从
三、想当然型
有的同学在写作时，常将一些似是而非的东西想当然乱用，不注意语言的准确性和地道性。如：
1. 我说两个小时的时候，那是包括了吃饭的时间。
误：When I say two hours, which includes the time for eating. 正：When I say two hours, that includes the time for eating.
析：许多同学往往想当然地认为在逗号后面总是用 which 引导定语从句，而不用 that。其实，本句中的 that includes the time for eating 不是定语从句，而是主句(that 用作主句主语)，其前的 when I say two hours 为状语从句。
2. 你应该更注意练习你的英语口语。
误：You should pay more attention to practise your spoken English. 正：You should pay more attention to practising your spoken English.
析：有的同学们认为to后总是接动词原形，构成不定式。其实，此句中的to不是不定式符号，而是介词，所以其后的动词要用原形。
3. 几年前，对大多数中国人来说，在家里有一台电脑的想法还是不大现实的。 误：Just a few years ago, the idea to have a computer in one's home seemed very difficult for most Chinese.
正：Just a few years ago, the idea of having a computer in one's home seemed very difficult for most Chinese.
析：许多同学认为表示做某事就用动词不定式，这要根据具体情况来定。idea后面要用of短语说明idea的内容。
4. 尽管他只有十六岁，但是他已经学会用英语和外国人交谈了。
误：Although he is a boy of sixteen, but he has learned to talk with the foreigners in English.
正：Although he is a boy of sixteen, he has learned to talk with the foreigners in English.
正：He is a boy of sixteen, but he has learned to talk with the foreigners in English. 析：许多同学往往认为“虽然?但是”是关联词组。但although是从属连词，而but为并列连词，故不能同时出现在同一句中。类似的还有because和so，也不能连用。
5. 他迟到的原因是因为他没赶上早班车。
误：The reason why he was late is because he didn’t catch the early bus. 正：The reason why he was late is that he didn’t catch the early bus.
析：许多同学认为“因为”表原因就用because，但在此句The reason why?is that中that引导表语从句，无实际意义。
6. 他说他将尽最大努力学好英语。
误：He said he would do what he could learn English well. 正：He said he would do what he could to learn English well. 正：He said he would do / try his best to learn English well.
析：情态动词后只能跟动词原形。于是有的同学就出现了误句。实际上，此句中“学好英语”是“尽最大努力”的目的状语，应该用不定式。
四、思维定势型
有的同学不能灵活地运用所学知识进行表达，而是凭印象观念，结果写错句子。 1. 我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。
误：I’ll never forget the days when we spent together. 正：I’ll never forget the days which / that we spent together.
析：有的同学记住了定语从句的规则，当先行词指时间时，关系词用when，而没用考虑它在定语从句中做什么成分。此句中的spent是及物动词，应由which或that替代the days作它的宾语。
2. 炎日下没有比一杯冷饮更让人愉悦的了。