发布时间 : 星期六 文章综英翻译，从老师课件中整理出来的更新完毕开始阅读3b153a29915f804d2b16c1dc
Useful Expressions
1. 在 … 条件下under … condition(s) 2. 归纳generalize 3. 在 … 情形下under ... circumstance(s) 4. 得出结论reach a conclusion5. 社交性谎言social lies 6. 文明的方式civilized way7. 正直无畏incorruptible and brave 8. 以…袭击assail…with9. 基本赞同
basically agree 10. 相貌平平的孩子homely kid11. 某某人so-and-so 12. 饭菜太丰富了
cook up a storm13. 生来不会那一套not made that way 14. 虚假的赞美false praise15. 息事宁人的谎言peace-keeping lies 16. 使某人免受shelter sb. from17. 避免麻烦
keep trouble at
bay 18. 逃避责任dodge responsibility19. 碰上堵车get/be caught in a traffic jam 20. 有情绪做某事be in the mood to do sth.21. 隐瞒事实conceal the fact 22. 行使权利assert one’s right23. 根据on the grounds of/that 24. 有风流韵事have an affair 25. 出卖某人betray sb. /give sb. away 26. 棘手的问题sticky issue 27. 露馅give oneself away 28. 最后一手the last resort
Unit 4: Unforgettable Teachers
It was more than fifteen years ago that I entered the laboratory of Professor Agassiz, and told him I had enrolled my name in the Scientific School as a student of natural history.
那是在十五年以前，我进入阿加西兹教授的实验室，告诉他我已经在科学学院注册读博物学。 To the latter I replied that while I wished to be well grounded in all departments of zoology, I purposed to devote myself especially to insects.
对于后面的那个问题我回答说，我希望自己在动物学各个领域都打下一定的基础，但特别想从事昆虫学研究。
“No man is fit to be a naturalist,” said he, “who does not know how to take care of specimens.” “一个人如果连怎样保护标本都不知道，” 他说， “他就不配当博物学家。”
This little excitement over, nothing was to be done but to return to a steadfast gaze at my mute companion.一阵小小的兴奋过后就无事可干了，只好继续凝视我那一言不发的伙伴。 Not only must I think of my fish all night, studying, without the object before me; but also, without reviewing my discoveries, I must give an exact account of them the next day.我不仅得整晚想着这
条鱼，要在实物不在眼前的情况下仔细琢磨这一未知却又及其显著的特征是什么；而且，第二天在无法回顾我的发现的情况下对我观察到的东西做出精确的描述。
This was the best entomological lesson I ever had – a lesson whose influence has extended to the details of every subsequent study; a legacy the Professor had left me, as he has left it to so many others, of inestimable value which we could not buy, with which we cannot part.这是我所上过的最好的昆虫课----其影响延伸到以后每一项研究的各个细节。这是阿加西兹教授留给我以及其他许多人的遗产，其价值无法估量，千金难买，我们决不会舍弃。 Key for Translation C-E(P129)
When I enrolled in Math 202, I anticipated difficulties because I was not well grounded in mathematics in high school. The course was taught by Professor Richardson, a fine specimen of an old-fashioned gentleman, formerly dressed, soft spoken, and cordial to his students. However, when it came to academic matters, he was by no means an easy person. Before he started his lecture, he discoursed enthusiastically on the importance of working in an orderly fashion, of being thoroughly prepared before each class, of being steadfast in one’s efforts, and of not being content with what you have learned. There was no doubt that teaching math was something sacred to him. His attitude towards work was infectious, and by and by I became an ardent math lover, too. Support for Translation E-C(text B) Jim Crow:
poor black children had to struggle to put anything in their heads: 穷苦的黑人小孩要想学到一点东西就得发奋努力。
It’s library was outrageously inadequate – so small, I like to say, that if two students were in it and one wanted to turn a page, the other one had to step outside. 它的图书馆差透了—它是如此之小，我可以说，要是有两个学生在里面看书，一个学生想翻一下书页，另一个学生就得让开。 whites of conscience: 有良心的白人blacks of stature: 有影响力的黑人
That is how she introduced me to the Brontěs, Byron, Coleridge, Keats and Tennyson.
她就是用这种方法使我读到勃朗特三姐妹、拜伦、科勒律治、济慈和丁尼生的作品的。 Forty-five years later, I can still recite her “truths to live by,”
四十五年以后的今天(到现在45年了)，我仍然背得出她推崇的“立身至理名言”… The heights by great men reached and kept伟人们登上高山之顶 Were not attained by sudden flight,并非一蹴而就。
But they, while their companions slept,而是当同伴们酣睡时， Were toiling upward in the night.他们仍不辞辛苦摸黑向上攀爬。
Unit 5 The American Civil War
1. Grant and Lee were two strong men, two oddly different generals, and they represented the strengths of two conflicting currents that, through them, had come into collision. (ll13-15)
格兰特和李是两位强悍的男人，两位有着令人惊奇的差异的将军；他们代表着两股互相矛盾的势力，而这两股势力（最终）在他们俩的领导下发生了冲突。
2. America was a land that was beginning all over again, dedicated to nothing more complicated than the rather hazy belief that all men had equal rights and should have an equal chance in the world. (ll22-25)
美国成了一个正在发生翻天覆地变化的国家，它正致力于实现一个简单而又模糊的理想：所有的人都应该享有平等的权利和同等的机会。
3. In such a land Lee stood for the feeling that it was somehow of advantage to human society to have a pronounced inequality in the social structure. (ll25-27)
在这个国家，李所代表的势力认为，社会结构中存在明显的不平等，某种程度上对人类社会是有益的。
4. It would bring forth (according to this ideal) a class of men with a strong sense of obligation to the community; men who lived not to gain advantage for themselves, but to meet the solemn obligations which had been laid on them by the very fact that they were privileged. (ll29-32)
(根据这种理想)结果会产生一批怀着对社会的强烈责任感的人，他们活着不是为自己谋利益，
而是为了履行他们作为特权阶级事实上所肩负的神圣的责任。
5. Thousands of tired, underfed, poorly clothed Confederate soldiers, long since past the simple enthusiasm of the early days of the struggle, somehow considered Lee the symbol of everything for which they had been willing to die. (ll43-45)
成千上万的衣不蔽体、食不果腹、疲惫不堪的同盟军士兵，在经历过战争初期的那种狂热后很久，仍然认为李是他们甘愿为之献出生命的事业的象征。
6. He had come up the hard way and embodied nothing in particular except the eternal toughness and sinew fiber of the men who grew up beyond the mountains. (ll49-51)
他经过自身的艰苦努力终于成名，而且他身上所显现出的无宁是一种从西部山区走出来的一群人的永生不灭的顽强品格。
7. No man was born to anything, except perhaps to a chance to show how far he could rise. (ll62-63)人与生俱来的没有别的，只有一次证明自己能有多大成就的机会。
8. He had, in other words, an acute dollars-and-cents stake in the continued growth and development of his country. (ll71-72)
换句话说，他个人的荣耀，与他的国家的发展有着千丝万缕的联系。
9. Different as they were ---- in background, in personality, in underlying aspiration ---- these two great soldiers had much in common. (ll95-97)
虽然他们俩有很多不同，在背景、性格、抱负各方面都不同，这两位伟大的战士却有着许多共同之处。
10. No part of either man’s life became him more than the part he played in their brief meeting in the McLean house at Appomatox. （ll15－116）
他们两个一生中的任何经历，都没有他们俩在Appomatox的麦克林小屋里所作的短暂的会面，对造就他们的一世英名所起的作用更大。
Unit 6 Marriage Detailed reading for Part I