发布时间 : 星期四 文章医学统计学重点和习题更新完毕开始阅读3f9e60bf80eb6294dd886cfd
40～ 60～ 合计
28161 9370 167090
172 342 715
42 32 90
24.4 9.4 12.6
根据表中资料，各年龄组相比较，哪些说法是对的？ （1）“40～”组的人最容易死于肿瘤，“60～”组次之； （2）“40～”组的人最容易死于肿瘤，“20～”组次之； （3）因肿瘤而死亡者中“40～”组的最多。
16、为了研究用两种不同剂量的电离辐射照射小鼠的致死作用是否相同，某研究员以第一种剂量照射25只小鼠，14天内死亡14只；第二种剂量照射18只，同期内死亡5只。问这两种剂量对小鼠的致死作用是否相同？
练习题解答：
一、最佳选择题解答
1、D 2、C 3、C 4、B 5、D 6、A 7、C 8、C 9、E 10、A 11、A 12、B 三、计算分析题解答
1、Pearson χ2检验SPSS主要输出结果：
Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction(a) Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 13.75.
Value 5.236(b) 4.286 5.217 5.182 96 df 1 1 1 1 (2-sided) .022 .038 .022 .023 Exact Sig. (2-sided) .030 Exact Sig. (1-sided) .019
2、Pearson χ2检验SPSS主要输出结果：
Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. Value df (2-sided) Exact Sig. (2-sided) Exact Sig. (1-sided) 33
Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction(a) Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases a Computed only for a 2x2 table
27.494(b) 25.560 28.627 27.259 117 1 1 1 1 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 b 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 23.03.
3、Pearson χ2检验SPSS主要输出结果：
Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction(a) Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.77.
Value 4.739(b) 3.387 4.779 4.660 60 df 1 1 1 1 (2-sided) .029 .066 .029 .031 Exact Sig. (2-sided) .044 Exact Sig. (1-sided) .033 4、Pearson χ2检验SPSS主要输出结果：
Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Value 60.227(a) 66.745 52.526 1184 df 2 2 1 (2-sided) .000 .000 .000 a 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 48.75.
三种疗法治疗腰椎间盘突出有效率的比较
疗法 快速牵引法 物理疗法 合计
有效 444 323 767
无效 30 91 121
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合计 474 414 888
χ2 45.997
P <0.00227
快速牵引法 骶裂孔药物注射法 合计 物理疗法 骶裂孔药物注射法 合计
444 222 666 323 222 545
30 74 104 91 74 165
474 296 770 414 296 710
0.882
>0.0125
54.373
<0.00227
5、Pearson χ2检验SPSS主要输出结果：
Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. Pearson Chi-Square Likelihood Ratio Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases Value 17.907(a) 18.755 14.315 84 df 2 2 1 (2-sided) .000 .000 .000 a 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5.24.
某省三个地区花生的黄曲霉B1污染率比较
地区 甲 乙 合计 甲 丙 合计 乙 丙 合计
6、χ2=6.37（Pearson χ2检验SPSS输出结果略） 7、χ2=0.35（Pearson χ2检验SPSS输出结果略）
8、Pearson χ2检验SPSS主要输出结果：
Chi-Square Tests(d) Asymp. Sig. Pearson Chi-Square Value .786(b) df 1 (2-sided) .375 Exact Sig. (2-sided) .659 Exact Sig. (1-sided) .330 Point Probability 未污染 6 30 36 6 8 14 30 8 38
污染 23 14 37 23 3 26 14 3 17
合计 29 44 73 29 11 40 44 11 55
χ2 15.773
P <0.00227
7.343 <0.00714
0.005 >0.0125
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Continuity Correction(a) Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases
a Computed only for a 2x2 table
.196 .792
.750(c)
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1 1 1 .658 .373
.386
.659 .659 .659
.330 .330 .330
.238
b 2 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.00. c The standardized statistic is -.866.
d For 2x2 crosstabulation, exact results are provided instead of Monte Carlo results.
上表中应选择Fisher确切概率法检验结果P=0.659。 9、编制四格表如下：
两组血友病患者死亡率的比较
组别
AL血浆诱导率≤0.7 AL血浆诱导率>0.7
合计
Pearson χ2检验SPSS主要输出结果：
Chi-Square Tests Asymp. Sig. Pearson Chi-Square Continuity Correction(a) Likelihood Ratio Fisher's Exact Test Linear-by-Linear Association N of Valid Cases a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 4 cells (100.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2.50. c The standardized statistic is 2.687.
Value 7.778(b) 4.978 9.873 7.222(c) 14 df 1 1 1 1 (2-sided) .005 .026 .002 .007 Exact Sig. (2-sided) .021 .021 .021 .021 Exact Sig. (1-sided) .010 .010 .010 .010 Point Probability .010 死亡 5 2 7
存活 0 7 7
合计 5 9 14
上表中应选择Fisher确切概率法检验结果P=0.021。 10、χ2=1.84（Pearson χ2检验SPSS输出结果略）
直线相关和回归
一． 是非题
1．回归系数越大，两变量的数量关系越密切。（ ）
2．双变量正态分布资料，样本回归系数小于0，可认为两变量呈负相关。（ ） 3．样本相关系数r=0.8，就可以认为两变量相关非常密切。（ ）
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