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2013考研英语长难句精讲班讲义-何凯文
Learning should have an element of inspired in it.
Seem to + v.才搭 这里to+n. 为 V,+介1+名1形式 【】跳读 学习应该把具有激发性的元素包含在其中，这样的理念对于大多数的学术来讲是很傻的。 非谓语动词和独立主格：
非谓语动词不做谓语的成分。
1充当主、宾语、表、同位语时，一定是动名词ving形式.。 2作定语。本质是定语从句的省略（修饰限定名词的从句才可以省略），即其句子都可以恢复成定语从
句的形式。
3充当状语。两个句子主语相同，去掉一个主语，动词做相应的变化。 主动语态：am/is/are-being; was/were-having been; do/does-doing; did-having done
被动语态：be done-done 否定式 not 提前 ； 注意：being 可以省略 独立主格结构，两个句子主语不同，保留主语，动词做相应的变化，being可以省，也可以加上with 。
It is hot today。I stay at home。 - It being hot today，I stay at home。 I enter the house。 A book is in my hand。 - I enter the house，with a book (being
省) in my hand。 例：President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model, （with） retirees
trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. with N.+ving. = trade
布什总统大力的将社会保险变为储蓄模式，退休人员将大量和甚至是全部的有保障的收入换成依靠有投入的收入。
句型：trade A for B . 把A换成B。
How can you not being A know B of A? 你不是A，怎知道A的B。
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2013考研英语长难句精讲班讲义-何凯文
非正常语序之倒装句：
? 倒装句的分析方法
倒装句的定义：动词在句子中的位置和相对位置发生改变。 倒装的作用是保持句子的平衡。 倒装句的分类：1部分倒装 2 完全倒装 倒装句的处理流程：识别 还原
部分倒装：
1. 部分倒装的定义/识别：助动词，系动词，情态动词被置于主语前。 2. 部分倒装的还原：将助动词，系动词，情态动词还原到主语后。 完全倒装： 1.完全倒装定义：动词前后成分的位置完全倒置。 2.完全倒装的存在环境:
“主+系+表”倒装为“表+系+主” 3.能够在句子中充当主语和表语的成份 主语 n/代词pron/ to do/ + 系 + ving (单数、复数) 常见的系动词
Be, come, go, run, walk ,lie, crouch , stand, descend ,ascend, become, 4.完全倒装的判断流程
Step 1 形容词性的结构和介词短语/方位副词置于句首，后紧跟系动词，可判定为倒装。 Step 2 ving置于句首后紧跟复数系动词，可判定为倒装。 Step 3 ving置于句首后紧跟单数系动词，后接名词性结构，可判定为倒装。
例1：Herein lay the beginning of turn from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine.
例2：Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals, sometimes easily recognizable as such,
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表语 adj. Adj短语 形容词性的结构 ving短语 ved短语 2013考研英语长难句精讲班讲义-何凯文
often distorted
Ving+系动词复数 three sepals and three petals are surrounding the column, into gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes.
例3：Young people in Canada ,today, married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than
had their predecessors during the Depression.
例4：Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive
Adj + 介+n. ：形容词短语=定语从句的省略 形容词短语+系动词is 倒装 population growth.
Canada ' s impressive population growth is Basic to any understanding(了解，理解) of the country in the 20 years after the Second World War
句型：Basic to （any understanding ）B is A. A是(了解)B的基础。 Status quo 现代
例5：Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots.
例6．Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals are her increased “opportunities” for stress.
例7：Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs to mate, lay eggs, and rear their young are common
murres , Atlantic puffins, black-legged kittiwakes, and northern gannets.
例8：Most important, perhaps, was that they had all maintained (with a certain fidelity )the technique and composition
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2013考研英语长难句精讲班讲义-何凯文
That was most important, adj +系 v+介+n1+n2 方法和构图原则 consistent with those of America’s first popular landscape artist, Thomas Cole, who built a career painting the Catskill
Adj +介+n, 形容词短语 现在分词短语修饰career Mountain scenery bordering the Hudson River.
例10：Indeed, had it not been for the superb preservation of these fossils, they might well have been classified as dinosaurs.
部分倒装，if被省略， had/were提前
例11: All would be well ，were reason the only judge in the creationism and evolution debate. If被省略
Snowflakes - by Henry Wadsworth LongfellowOut of the bosom of the Air, Out of the cloud-folds of her
garments shaken, Over the woodlands brown
and bare,
Over the harvest-fields
forsaken,
Silent, and soft, and slow Descends the snow. Even as our cloudy fancies ? 强调句的分析方法 1.强调句的构成
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take
Suddenly shape in some
divine expression, Even as the troubled heart doth make in the white countenance confession, The troubled sky reveals the
grief it feels.
This is the poem of the air, Slowly in silent syllables
recorded;
this is the secret of despair, Long in its cloudy bosom
hoarded,
now whispered and revealed
to wood and field.