发布时间 : 星期五 文章2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题词义猜测题“根据上下文指代关系”猜测例举(4页word版)更新完毕开始阅读4301e434f6ec4afe04a1b0717fd5360cbb1a8d6f
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题词义猜测题“根据上下文指代关系”猜测例举
[典例] (2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C节选) ...
Despite the celebrations, though, in the U．S.the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.
It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that.As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.
...
29．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Jazz becoming more accessible.
B．The production of jazz growing faster. C．Jazz being less popular with the young. D．The jazz audience becoming larger.
[解析] 选C 根据选文第一段中的“...the music has failed to connect with younger generations”可知，爵士乐未能受到年轻人的欢迎。选文第二段首句提到杰森·莫兰的工作就是要帮助改变这一现象，由此可知that指代“爵士乐不受年轻人欢迎”这一现象，故选C项。
[干扰项分析] A项是杰森·莫兰希望做到的事情，可排除；原文没有信息支撑B项，可排除；D项与原文的意思相反，可排除。
[增分技巧]
1．“就近原则”判指代
此类题目要求考生根据语境判断代词(this, that, it, they, them, one等)究竟指代什么。具体方法：
(1)返回原文，找出指代词(it, they, them, this ...)。
(2)向上(有时向下)搜索，找最近的名词、代词、短语或句子(就近原则)。 (3)将找到的词、短语或句子代入替换该指代词，看其意思、逻辑关系是否
2019年英语高考复习
通顺，并最终确定最佳答案。
2．“逻辑原则”找指代
理清人物及事物间的逻辑关系是解答代词指代题的关键。考生可利用上下文语境，采用逻辑关系梳理法，使人物或事物的关系明朗化。要记住代词通常出现在原词之后，根据这条原则可快速排除选项中出现在代词之后的词汇，锁定答案，最后代入原句中进行验证。
训练目标(一) 对点练——攻克失分短板 A(2017·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B节选) ...
We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back — he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.
...
26．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Their belief.
B．Their care for children. C．Their success.
D．Their support for each other.
解析：选A 根据选段第一句“We shared the belief that if ...”以及下面对belief的具体解释可知，画线处是指共同拥有这种“信念”使“我们”两人更近了，that指代上文中的belief。
B(2016·全国卷Ⅱ阅读C节选)
...
Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like
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to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.
...
30．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The book. C．A public place.
B．An adventure.
D．The identification number.
解析：选A 根据it所在的句子“the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it”可知，主人把书留在公共场所，希望这本书会跟找到“它”的每个新读者一起旅行。由此可知，此处it指前面提到的“the book”。
C(2016·全国卷Ⅲ阅读B节选)
...
Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion (团聚)．
“My friend said：’Now we believe your stories，’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’”
...
26．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s .
A．readers C．friends
B．parties D．stories
解析：选D 根据画线词上文内容可知，朋友们相信韦尔蒂的故事是真实的，正是在现实生活中从这些陌生人的口中得到的信息才让她写出这些故事。由此可推出，them指代的应该是前面的stories。故选D。
D(2016·四川高考阅读C节选)
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...
His blackandwhite pictures present a world almost lost in time. These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for. These local citizens now have to balance their traditional selfsupporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic, which brings with it not only necessary state welfare, but also alcoholism, betrayal and even suicide.
31．What does the underlined world “it” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．The modern French lifestyle. B．The selfsupporting hunting. C．The uncivilized world. D．The French Republic.
解析：选A 此处which brings with it ...是which引导的非限制性定语从句。意为：伴随这种生活方式的不仅仅有必不可少的国家福利，还有酗酒、背叛，甚至自杀。可知此处it即指前面的“the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic”。
2019年英语高考复习