发布时间 : 星期六 文章中考英语阅读专题之C篇解题技巧讲解更新完毕开始阅读4396e1dfc381e53a580216fc700abb68a882addb
中考英语阅读专题之C篇解题技巧讲解
一、考点分析
1.首字母填空类短文题是近几年中考试题经常采用的题型之一，因为它有非常好的信度和效度，又能拉开考生间的分差、提高区分度。这种题型属于能力测试的范畴，它考查的范围极广，可以是英语知识的方方面面，还可能涉及其它学科。
2.它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来，并且单词形式合理，符合语法规范，符合短文需要。这种试题的首字母已给，所填的就必须是该字母开头的单词。这既是一种限制，又是一种提示。
3.向学生明确这5大词类，是缩小答案范围；同时也突出了词性是解决首字母填空题的关键。
二、专题详解
【例1】
At some time in your life, you might have a roommate. It is a good idea to share a flat, especially for students or people who have just finished school, because flats are usually expensive. And m_____86_____is not the only reason for having a roommate. Sharing a flat can be fun.
But life with a roommate can also be a t_____87_____experience. Some experts(专家) did a study of college students who shared a room. They found that students who had problems with their roommates were not happy at school and were more likely to get sick than other students. So, how can you l_____88_____with a roommate and enjoy it? Here is some advice:
Being roommates with a friend can be hard. Friends may be different when you stay with them all the time from when you don't see them very o_____89_____. So, before you plan to share a
room with a friend, discuss the situation carefully.
If you decide to share a room with someone you don't know, talk to each other. It's important to be h_____90_____about your habits and things you hate.
When you move in with a roommate, make rules. Decide how you will share h_____91_____, such as cleaning, washing and shopping. Will you share food? Is it OK to have guests? And what about loud music?
Don't get angry at small things that your roommate does. Try to f_____92_____the unhappy things between you and your roommate. No one - including you- is perfect. 【例2】
A school newspaper The Teens asked over one thousand teenagers how they spent their spare time. Here they report the r_____81_____of the survey. It’s not at all surprising to learn that most teens said they wanted more free time. Most have less than an hour a day for after-school activities.
P_____82_____activity was popular among both girls and boys, averaging between three to six hours a week. Favourite sports among girls
were tennis, basketball and swimming. Boys said they liked football, basketball and skating.
Speaking of entertainment, music and TV were popular. About half of those surveyed said that music was their favourite activity. This i_____83_____both listening to and playing music. TV was also very popular. Three quarters said they preferred watching TV to reading a book or magazine.
Unexpectedly, as many as three out of ten teenagers mentioned that collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time. They had v_____84_____collections from cartoon books and baseball cards to stickers, toys and coins.
V_____85_____friends was also popular. Eight out of ten teenagers said they met friends once a week. Nine out of ten said they contacted friends through the Internet A_____86_____popular way of contacting friends was the telephone. Everyone we surveyed
said they spoke to friends every day. Most said they spoke about twenty minutes a day. Surprisingly, teenagers s_____87_____went dancing, especially girls. Only one out of ten said they went to the dance regularly.
学法指导 1. 总述
首字母填空既考查学生对语法、词汇、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力，也考查了学生对文章的阅读理解能力。其中，着重考查学生在具体的语境中运用语言知识的能力，根据文章内容进行合理的逻辑推断和分析概括的能力。一般来讲，在考试中，七个首字母，会涉及到不同词性。以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主，虚词为辅。 2. 解题技巧
（1）通读全文，了解大意
通读全文的目的是能够做到整体把握文章，迅速的了解文章大意，并且对文章的整体结构和中心思想有一个基本的了解。通读全文时，不宜看一空填一空，以免造成所填答案不符合全文的要求。
（2）把握段首句
中考的首字母往往以议论文为主，而段落的开首句，往往揭示了整段的段意。因此在考试中，把握好段首句，可以窥探到整段的全貌，以首句的时态，意义为立足点，可以方便我们判断整段的大意及主题。
（3）抓住关键词
文章的展开是按照一定的逻辑关系的，因此在文章中，作者也会使用一些关键的表现逻辑关系联词，例如：but、so、in addition等。这些关键词，可以帮助我们联系上下文展开合理的逻辑分析，了解所提问的特定语境和语篇的内在关系。
（4）熟悉考纲词组的固定搭配
考纲搭配在中考的考查中占据了重要的位置，而在首字母中，也出现过直接考查固定搭配的情况，因此，在平时的学习过程中，需要巩固好考纲词组。
（5）联系上下文解题
在解题过程中，应当遵循“先易后难”的原则，当遇到解不出的题时，应当跳过。首字母填空着重考查学生对上下文的理解，因此，很多情况下，随着下文的展开和文章的深入，前面填不出的词，在下文中会有提示。因此，学生在作答时，应当加强联系前后文，充分利用上下文中的有效信息，确定答案。
（6）重读文章，检验答案
当全部答完后，一定要把文章重新读一遍。查看文章是否通顺，语法是否有误。如果发现有不顺畅的地方，则需要再进行推敲。个别单词的形式要着重注意。例如：动词的时态，名词的单复数以及形容词副词的级。
练一练
Mary and her husband, Richard Goldman, loved books. Like many lovers of books, they s_____81_____walked past a bookstore without stopping to look inside. They often talked of opening their own store one day.
In order to realize their w_____82_____, they started by talking to bookstore owners and researching book business. One figure caught her attention: She had read somewhere that about 20 percent of books sold were mysteries (推理小说), and many buyers of mysteries spent more than $300 a year on books. She and Richard were mystery r_____83_____and had a big collection of such books.
On Halloween 1992, they opened the Mystery Lovers Bookshop and Café near their home. With three children in college, it was i_____84_____for the couple to spend all the family’s money to start a shop. To cover the $100,000 cost, they used some of their savings, borrowed from relatives and from a bank.
In order to a_____85_____customers, Mary always had new ways. The shop had a coffee bar and it offered presents to mystery lovers and served dinner for book clubs that met in the store. She also invited many writers to d_____86_____their stories with the buyers to let them understand the stories better. Now after paying taxes, business costs and the six part-time sales clerks, Richard and Mary together earn about $34,000.