发布时间 : 星期六 文章2018-2019学年新课堂高中英语(外研版)选修八讲义：Module 1 Word版含答案更新完毕开始阅读4d7d69a33086bceb19e8b8f67c1cfad6185fe97f
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Exploration of the South Pole
Although exploration of Antarctica began in the mid-1800's，attempted exploration of the South Pole did not occur until 1901.In that year，Robert Falcon Scott attempted the first expedition from Antarctica's coastline to the South Pole.His Discovery Expedition lasted from 1901 to 1904 and on December 31,1902，he reached 82.26°S but he did not travel any farther south.
Shortly thereafter，Ernest Shackleton，who had been on Scott's Discovery Expedition，launched another attempt to reach the South Pole.This expedition was called the Nimrod Expedition and on January 9,1909，he came within 112 miles (180 km) from the South Pole before he had to turn back.
Finally in 1911 however，Roald Amundsen became the first person to reach the Geographic South Pole on December 14.Upon reaching the pole，Amundsen established a camp named Polhiem and named the plateau that the South Pole is on，King Haakon Ⅶ Vidde.34 days later on January 17,1912，Scott，who was attempting to race Amundsen，also reached the South Pole，but on his return home Scott and his entire expedition died due to cold and starvation.
Following Amundsen and Scott's reaching the South Pole，people did not return there until October 1956.In that year，U.S.Navy Admiral George Dufek landed there and shortly thereafter，the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station was established from 1956－1957.People did not reach the South Pole by land though until 1958 when Edmund Hillary and Vivian Fuchs launched the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition.
Since the 1950s，most of the people on or near the South Pole have been researchers and scientific expeditions.Since the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station was established in 1956，researchers have continually staffed it and recently it has been upgraded and expanded to allow more people to work there throughout the year.
Notes
1．expedition n．远征；探险 2．staff v．配备职员 3．upgrade v．使升级
Task
Read the passage and check whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) 1．Exploration of Antarctica and the South Pole occurred at the same time.(F) 2．Ernest Shackleton was the first person to reach the Geographic South Pole.(F) 3．Roald Amundsen established a camp upon reaching the pole.(T)
4．After Amundsen and Scott's reaching the South Pole，people continuously reached there till 1956.(F)
5．Edmund Hillary and Vivian Fuchs reached the South Pole by land in 1958.(T)