发布时间 : 星期三 文章Section A,Unit 2,Book 2,NHCE,新版课文，鲍东梅、曹月秋更新完毕开始阅读5015fadd8bd63186bcebbcec
11. (L61) reflect on: think deeply about; consider carefully仔细考虑
e.g. a) Sitting in the kitchen, the mother reflected on the future of her child.
母亲坐在厨房里，想着孩子的前途。
b) Reflecting on those nice days, Elizabeth couldn’t help giving out a sigh.
想着过去那些美好的日子，伊丽莎白不禁叹了口气。
12. (L65) in advance: doing something before a particular date or event事先，预先 e.g. a) Thank you in advance. 预致谢意。
b) I paid for the ticket in advance. 我预付了票款。
三、疑难句子
1. (L2~3) Nikolai Petrovich Anikin was not half as intimidating as I had imagined he would be. 【释义】I had expected that Nikolai Petrovich Anikin would be a quite frightening person, but actually he was not at all.
【译文】尼克莱·彼得洛维奇·安尼金一点也不像我想象的那么吓人。 【结构分析】as I had imagined he would be为as引导的比较状语从句。
2. (L27~29) His consistent good humor, quiet gratitude, perceptivity, and sincerity set an Olympic standard for love that I continue to reach for, even though my skiing days are over. 【释义】He was always humorous, thankful, perceptive and sincere, which set for me a standard for love, even after I stopped skiing, as high as those standards set for athletes at the Olympics.
【译文】他以一贯的幽默、默默的感恩、敏锐的感觉和真诚的态度为爱设立了奥林匹克般的标准。即使在我结束了滑雪生涯之后，我仍一直努力去达到那个标准。
【结构分析】主句的主语为his consistent good humor, quiet gratitude, perceptivity, and sincerity；that I continue to reach for为定语从句，修饰standard；even though my skiing days are over为让步状语从句。
3. (L60~62) Missing the Olympic Team the previous year had made me pause and reflect on what I had gained—not the least of which was a quiet, indissoluble bond with a short man in a tropical shirt.
【释义】Missing the Olympic Team the previous year forced me to stop and make time to think about what I had gained—one important gain was the close and lasting relationship with my coach, Nikolai. 【译文】怀念起前一年的奥林匹克队，我一时沉默，回想起自己曾经获得的一切——很重要的一点就是我和这个穿着颇具热带风情衬衫、个子不高的男人之间形成了并不张扬但又牢不可摧的纽带。
【结构分析】主句的主语为动名词短语missing the Olympic Team the previous year；not the least of which was a quiet, indissoluble bond with a short man in a tropical shirt为非限制定语从句。其中，关系代词which指代what I had gained。
Section B The Standard for Olympic Excellence
一、 重点词汇 Section B
（一）四级词汇
1.（L 2）competition: n. [U] the activities of competing竞争, 比赛 【用法】free ～ 自由竞争 open ～ 公开竞争
national beauty ～ 全国选美比赛
e.g. a) There will be a chess competition next week.下周有一场国际象棋比赛。 b) There is keen competition between the two motorcar firms.
两家汽车公司之间存在着激烈的竞争。
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c) He has decided to withdraw from the competition. 他已决定退出竞赛。
【派生词】competitor: n.a person who tries to win something for which others are trying at the same
time 竞争者，对手，参赛者
competitive: adj. based on competition 具有竞争性的 compete: vi. try to win 竞争，比赛
2.（L 3）sacrifice: n. ①the act of offering sth. to a god 供奉，祭品，祭祀 ② the act of giving up sth.
for another 牺牲 vt. give up sth., esp. for a good purpose or belief 牺牲；奉献 vt. offer as a sacrifice供奉；祭祀
【用法】fear no ～ 不怕牺牲 make ～s (a sacrifice) 作出牺牲
sacrifice one’s personal interests
e.g. a) His parents made a lot of sacrifices to make sure he got a good education.
他的父母为确保他得到良好的教育而作了很多牺牲。
b) Before the battle, the commanders ordered the sacrifice of two bullocks to the god of war.打仗之前, 指挥官下令给战神供奉两只小公牛。
c) They killed a sheep as a sacrifice.他们宰了一只羊作为祭品。 d) Jacelin sacrificed his life to save the child from the fire. 杰斯林牺牲自己的生命把孩子从火中救了出来。 e) He sacrificed his holiday to help his brother's business. 为了帮助兄弟经商，他放弃休假。
f) The ancient Greeks sacrificed lambs or calves before engaging in battle. 古希腊人在打仗前用羊和小牛作祭品。
3.（L 9）exploit: vt. ① use sth. fully so as to get benefit from it 利用 ② make full use of开发 ③make
unfair use of 剥削
【用法】～ natural resources 开发资源 ～ potentialities 挖掘潜力
e.g. a) Many countries exploit oil under the sea. 许多国家在海底开采石油。
b) They are trying to exploit the situation to their advantage.
他们试图利用局势，使其对自身有利。
c) The planters exploited the slaves by making them work day and night for nothing. 种植园主剥削奴隶，让他们日夜劳作而一无所获。
【派生词】exploitation: n. the act of exploiting开发，利用，剥削
4.（L 13）defy: vi. ① do sth. that is considered impossible; challenge 向...挑战②refuse to obey sb. or
sth.违抗，不服从 ③show no fear of nor respect for蔑视
【用法】～ an order 抗命 ～ severe cold不畏严寒
e.g. a) He defied his opponents.他公然反抗他的对手们。
b) If you defy the law, you may find yourself in prison. 如果你不服从法律, 你就可能会坐牢。
c) The soldiers defied death to defend their motherland. 战士们誓死保卫祖国。
d) Those who defy the laws must be punished. 蔑视法律的人必须受到惩罚。
5.（L 23）pursue: vt ①.continue doing an activity or trying to achieve sth. over a long period of time
从事，追求；②chase sb. or sth. in order to catch them追赶.
e.g. a) I plan to go abroad and pursue my studies after graduation.我计划毕业以后出国深造。
b) Foxes, wild cats and other animals pursue the hare.狐狸、野猫及其他一些动物都捕食野兔。 c) He began to pursue an easy and comfortable life.他开始追求安逸舒适的生活。 【派生词】pursuit: n.the act of pursuing追逐，追赶
6.（L 25）strip: n. [C] a narrow piece条，带 vt. remove the covering of sth. 剥去，除去 【用法】～sb. of sth. 剥夺
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a ～ of cloth布条
e.g. a) He often uses a strip of paper as a bookmark while reading.看书时他经常用纸片做书签。 b) He was stripped of civil rights.他被剥夺了公民权。
c) You could strip me of anything but my dignity.你们绝不能剥夺我的尊严。
7.（L 26）singular: adj. ①very great or very noticeable 卓越的，非凡的 ②of or being a word
representing one单数的
e.g. a) The young man has a singular ear for music.这个年轻人对音乐有非凡的欣赏力。
b) The noun “mouse” is the singular form of “mice”.名词mouse是mice的单数形式。 c) “One box” is singular; “two boxes” is plural.“One box”是单数, “two boxes”是复数。
【词义辨析】single , singular
single 单身的，单人的，单个的； singular 单数， 多为语法用语，如，third person singluar:第三人称单数，single, 对应的是double（两个的，双人的），triple（三个的）...mulitple（多个的）；而singular对应的是plural (复数的,如第一人称复数是first person plural)。
e.g. a) Are you married？你结婚了吗？
No. I am single.没，我是单身。
b) Do you live in a double room, a small single, or a large single? 你是住双人间、小单人间、还是大单人间呢？ c) This is the one single thing that I cannot do for you. 只有这一件事我不能为你做（其他都可以）。 d) The noun is in the singular.这个名词是单数形式。
8.（L 42）explosive: adj. ①sudden and rapid迅猛的 ② likely to explode 易爆炸的
③n. a substance that can cause an explosion爆炸物
e.g. a) Unemployment became an explosive issue. 失业成了一个爆炸性的问题。
b) Gasoline fumes are highly explosive. 气态汽油极其易爆。 c) The old man has an explosive temper. 那老人性情暴躁。
d) Dynamite is a powerful explosive. 炸药是一种强有力的爆炸物。
【派生词】explode: vi. burst sudden with a loud noise爆炸，爆发
explosion: n .the act of exploding爆炸物
9.（L 49）indicate: vt. show that sth. is true or exists 表明，显示
e.g. a) She indicated where I should go.她指出了我该去的地方。
b) The snow indicates the coming of winter.这场雪表明冬天来临。
【派生词】indication: n. the act of indicating指明，显示，征兆
indicator: n. a person or thing that indicates指示者，指示物
indicative : adj. suggesting指示的，象征的
10.（L 49）trail: ①vi. move slowly behind other people无精打采地慢走，跟在后面走，落后
②vt. follow sb. secretly跟踪，尾随③n. a mark, trace, smell etc. left by sth. that has
passed along痕迹④a path 小径
e.g. a) They trailed by two goals with only eight minutes left.
只剩8分钟时他们还落后两球。
b) She trailed the suspect to his hiding place. 她跟踪嫌疑犯到他的藏身点。
c) The hound found the trail of the rabbit.猎狗发现了兔子的踪迹。
d) The men had followed desert trails for days.那些人沿着沙漠小道走了数日。
11.（L 51）conquest: n.. [U] the act of taking control of sb. or sth. 攻占，占领，征服
e.g. a) They succeeded in the conquest of that city. 他们夺取了那城市。
b) His family traces back to the Norman Conquest. 他的家世可追溯到诺曼人征服英国的时代。
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【派生词】conquer: vt. win or defeat 获胜，征服
【用法】～ nature 征服大自然
～ natural disasters战胜自然灾害
12.（53）counter: ①vt. reply to a criticism that one disagrees with反驳
②adv. in the opposite direction反方向地, 对立地
e.g. a) She countered that her advice had not been heeded.
她反驳说她的建议未被重视。
b) Economic trends are running counter to the forecasts.
经济发展的趋势与预测的结果截然相反。
【派生词】counteract: v. act against抵消，抵制
counterattack: vt. attack in return 反攻，反击
countercharge: n. a charge by an accused person against his accuser反诉
13.（L59）suspicion: ①n. [C,U] a feeling of not trusting sb. or sth.猜疑，不信任 ②n. [C,U] a feeling
that sb. has done sth. wrong怀疑，疑心
【用法】avoid～ 避嫌
arouse～ 引起怀疑
ignore people’s ～ 冒嫌疑
e.g. a) I have a suspicion that he's right.
我隐约觉得他是对的。
b) The behavior of the stranger aroused our suspicions. 那个陌生人的行为引起了我们的怀疑。
c) Since they discovered the truth about his background, his colleagues have regarded him with suspicion.
他的同事虽然摸清了他的背景, 但对他还是疑神疑鬼的。 d) He is under suspicion of murder.他涉嫌谋杀。
【派生词】suspect: vt. feel doubt about怀疑
14.（L60）erosion: [U] the process by which sth. is gradually reduced or destroyed侵蚀，腐蚀
【用法】coast ～ 海岸剥蚀
wind ～ 风力侵蚀
e.g. a) Plant trees to prevent soil erosion. 植树预防土壤侵蚀。
【派生词】erode: vt. eat out or destroy腐蚀，侵蚀
15.（L 67）amazing: adj. causing great surprise令人惊异的
【用法】～ achievements了不起的成就
～ willpower惊人的毅力
e.g. a) What an amazing view of the city from the top of the mountain!
从山顶上看，这个城市的风景真是太美了!
b) Look! The first man is running at an amazing speed! 看！第一个人跑得太快了！
【派生词】amaze: vi. surprise greatly使吃惊，使惊讶
【用法】be ～d at/by
be ～d to see/hear/find
amazement: n. sudden wonder or surprise惊愕
【词义辨析】amaze , astonish, surprise
amaze 表示“惊叹，佩服，或困惑”，如：be amazed at his ability to solve the problem；astonish表示“大吃一惊，无法相信”，如：be astonished at his behavior；surprise语气较弱，表示“出乎意外地惊异”，如：be surprised at finding the house empty
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