发布时间 : 星期六 文章2017-2018学年高二英语外研版选修六教学案：Module 3 Section 3 Word版含答案更新完毕开始阅读50ad8ae5b8f3f90f76c66137ee06eff9aef8498c
[语法初识]
原句感知 ①Having lost all my friends, I felt shy and lonely at my new school. ②Having left something in the cloakroom, I went inside to get it. 1.前三个例句中动词ing 形式的完成式表示自主探究 ③This weekend, having thought about the 的动作发生在谓语动词之前， 其逻辑主语是situation for a while, I decided to ask 句子的主语。 Roy about the theft ... 2．例句④中stop doing sth. 表示停止正在④The girls stopped talking when the 做的事情；例句⑤中stop to do sth. 表示teacher came into the room. 停下来去做某事。 ⑤Walking along the road, the girls 3．例句⑥中remember doing sth.表示记住stopped to look in a shop window. 做过某事；例句⑦中remember to do sth.⑥Do you remember going to school for the 表示记着去做某事。 first time? ⑦Remember to give me a ring when you get home. [语法剖析]
语法点一 动词ing形式的完成式作状语
1．动词ing形式的完成式作状语的基本用法 (1)基本形式：having＋过去分词 否定形式：not having＋过去分词 完成式的被动式：having been＋过去分词
(2)成分：动词ing形式的完成式在句中可作状语， 常表示时间、原因等。
(3)功能：所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前， 如果该动作与句子的主语之间是主谓关系， 则用主动形式having done；如果是动宾关系， 则用被动形式having been done。 Having lived in the city for three years, she knows it well. 在这个城市生活了三年， 她对这里已经很熟悉了。
Not having finished the homework, the pupil doesn't dare to go to school. 由于还没有完成作业， 这个学生不敢去上学。
Having been invited to speak, I'll start making preparations tomorrow. 已经被邀请发表讲话， 我明天将开始做些准备。 2．动词ing形式的一般式和完成式作状语的用法区别
(1)动词ing形式的一般式， 作状语时与句子主语之间为主动关系， 所表示的动作与句子谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生， 常表示时间、条件、原因或结果等。
Seeing those pictures, he couldn't help thinking of those days in Yan'an. 当他看到那些图片时， 就禁不住想起了在延安的那些日子。 Working hard, you will pass the entrance exam. 如果你努力学习， 你就会通过入学考试。
(2)动词ing形式的完成式， 作状语时与句子主语为主动或被动关系， 所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前， 常表示时间或原因等。
Having got our tickets, we drove to the airport to board the plane. 买到机票之后， 我们就开车到机场登机。
集中演练1 1－1.单句语法填空
①Having analysed (analyse) the data, the scientists concluded that the disease was
caused by the polluted water.
②Having been warned (warn)of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend following her.
③Having failed (fail) many times, Edison didn't lose heart and finally he invented the light bulb.
④Having driven (drive)all the way, we felt rather tired and decided to find a hotel to have a rest.
⑤The road is under construction, causing (cause)the delay. 1－2.句型转换
⑥After he had finished his homework, the little boy began to play Internet games. →Having finished his homework, the little boy began to play Internet games. ⑦When he was walking along the street, he met his old friend. →Walking along the street, he met his old friend.
⑧Because he had lived in the city for years, he started getting to know it. →Having lived in the city for years, he started getting to know it.
⑨Because he hadn't finished the task, he has to stay there for another week. →Not having finished the task, he has to stay there for another week.
语法点二
1．可用动名词作宾语的动词(短语)
(1)常见的能用动名词作宾语的动词有：advise, admit, allow, avoid, consider, miss, keep, practice, finish, enjoy, appreciate, forbid, imagine, risk, suggest, mind, permit等。
I couldn't risk missing that train. 我可不敢冒误了那趟火车的险。
She suggested selling your house to pay the debt. 她建议卖掉你的房子来抵债。
动词ing形式与不定式作宾语 (2)常见的能用动名词作宾语的动词短语有：look forward to, lead to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, can't stand, feel like, insist on, apologize for, be busy in, have difficulty (in), spend time (in)等。 He insists on seeing you alone. 他坚持要单独见你。
(3)advise, allow, forbid, permit等动词后可直接跟动名词作宾语， 也可跟不定式作宾补。
We don't allow smoking here. 我们不允许在此吸烟。
We don't allow students to smoke here. 我们不允许学生在此吸烟。
2．可用动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语)
(1)能接不定式作宾语的常见动词有：agree, choose, decide, determine, learn, want, expect, hope, refuse, manage, wish, pretend, offer, promise, plan等。 After much discussion they decided to accept our offer. 经过反复讨论， 他们决定接受我们开的价。 I only just managed to finish on time. 我刚好设法按时完成。
(2)能接“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语的动词有：show, understand, tell, explain, teach, learn, know, ask, decide, wonder, find out等。 He didn't know how to deal with the accident. 他不知道怎么处理这起事故。
[名师点津] 此用法中的不定式的逻辑主语需要与句子的主语或宾语一致， 否则得用宾语从句。 3．可用动词不定式和动名词作宾语的动词(短语)
(1)下列动词(短语)后可跟不定式或动名词， 但在意义上却有着明显的差别。 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事(此事未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生) go on to do sth. 做完一件事接着去做 (另一件事)