发布时间 : 星期五 文章英语（二）串讲更新完毕开始阅读55c13e7510a6f524ccbf859d
【答案】E
【解析】根据writer, finish book定位在第二段的第二句话The writer who never finishes a book will never have to worry about getting negative reviews.，其中getting negative reviews和选项E中的being criticized属同义替换。小提示：可根据句子结构来缩小可选答案，根据题干的结构可知本题选择动词原形开头的A或E。
23. Effective people aim to reach their goals while _______. 【答案】D
【解析】根据题干中的关键词effective people定位在第二段最后两句：Effective people don‘t set goals with the idea of making mistakes. Instead, they aim to reach those goals while accepting the risk of error.可知答案为D。
小提示：可根据句子结构来缩小可选答案，本句要填入空格的部分是连词while之后的内容，可以用整个句子；也可以是分词形式，即while从句省略和主句相同的主语和be部分。选项中没有整个句子，故只能在C、D或F中选择。
24. People can make mistakes only when they are truly _______. 【答案】C/F 【解析】根据顺序原则定位在第三段。根据第三段最后一句话Mistakes can happen only when people are truly committed to making things work.这句话指出只有人们在真正投入到工作中让事情有所进展的时候，错误才会出现，故选择C/F。
小提示：可根据句子结构来缩小可选答案，本句要填入空格的部分在they are后，故要在C、D或F中选择。
25. We can learn some lessons from making mistakes, which often _______. 【答案】A 【解析】根据题干中的关键词learn lessons定位在最后一段。从最后一段第二句话The lessons we learn from making mistakes often stick with us for a lifetime.可知答案为A。
小提示：可根据句子结构来缩小可选答案，本句要填入空格的部分在定语从句中作谓语，故在A或E中选择。
第四部分：填句补文（第26～30题，每题2分，共1 0分） 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Passage 1 （选自大纲样题）
Teaching Children to Spend Pocket Money Wisely（选自Unit 6，Text A）
① School-going children need pocket money for food, stationery and bus fares. Parents give pocket money to their children in different ways. Some give a lump sum at the beginning of a month or a week. Others prefer to give pocket money on a daily basis. 26 On the other hand, the children‘s spending habits may affect how pocket money is given.
② Pocket money given on a daily basis is sometimes termed as ―food money‖. Children usually use the pocket money to buy food during recess（休息） and also at lunch hour if they have school activities in the afternoon. They learn how to manage small sums of money. 27 Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending, hoping that in time they can be trusted with larger sums of money.
③ Giving pocket money on a daily basis places responsibilities of budgeting on the parents, instead of the child. The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money by overindulging in junk food as they know they will get another sum of money the next day. This results in children being shortsighted in their spending. The thought of saving money never crossed their minds. 28 Others spend more than they are given. They borrow from their siblings or their classmates when they feel like indulging themselves. Then they may ask for money to pay off their debts. This habit of borrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their problems. In such instances, the purpose of rationing is defeated.
④ Children need to learn how to budget their money. The key to doing this is to differentiate between needs and wants. 29 This habit, when inculcated since young, stands them in good stead when they start working and earning their own money. It enables them to resist the temptation of ―buy now and pay later‖ schemes.
Formation of any habit starts at a tender age. There is no better way to teach children to manage money than to start with their pocket t money. They need to learn the importance of budgeting right from kindergarten days. 30 When children learn to spend within their means, they are able to manage their finances well later in their lives.
A. It is a good idea to start with daily pocket money and move on to monthly pocket money. B. The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved. C. Buy the necessary first, and indulge ourselves only if there is money left.
D. As the money is limited, they have to control their spending.
E. Parents who earn daily wages may also opt for this due to financial constraints. F. They may develop the mentality（心态，意识） that money is meant to be spent. 26. 【答案】B
【解析】根据空格前出现的way和give，后面出现的give，spend和affect，这些都是解题线索，应引起考生的注意，这是答题的关键。前面提到父母给孩子零花钱的不同方式，后面提到孩子的花钱习惯影响父母给他们零花钱的方式。只有B（给零花钱的方式影响花钱和攒钱的方式）才能更好地衔接上下文。
27. 【答案】D
【解析】第二段主要讲父母每天给孩子一次零花钱对孩子的影响。They learn how to manage small sums of money. 27 Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending,…空格前提到孩子如何花手中有限的钱，后面提到一些父母使用这种方法来控制孩子的过度消费，可知应选D。注意D中的limited和空格前的small呼应，control和空格后的prevent呼应，体现了内容的一致性。
28. 【答案】F
【解析】第三段主要讲这种提供零花钱的方式对孩子的花钱习惯带来的负面影响。The thought of saving money never crossed their minds. 28 Others spend more than they are given.空格前提到这种方式使孩子从来没有想过要攒钱，后面提到一些孩子会过度消费，甚至借钱。只有F提到了“孩子会养成一种钱就是用来花的观念”。另外F项中的they may develop…和下文的they may ask for…结构上一致。
29. 【答案】C 【解析】第四段主要讲述了孩子养成规划开支习惯的重要性。The key to doing this is to differentiate between needs and wants. 29 This habit, when inculcated（灌输） since young, stands them in good stead when they start working…空格前讲到学会规划开支的关键是区分需求和需要。C项（先购买必须的，只有当钱有结余时才去享受）是对前句的进一步解释。
30. 【答案】A
【解析】最后一段是对全文的总结，讲述了从小养成理财习惯的重要性。They need to learn the importance of budgeting right from kindergarten days. 30 When children learn to spend within their means, they are able to manage their finances well later in their lives.空格前指出从幼儿园时就要学会规划零花钱的重要性，后面的内容指出从小养成理财习惯有益于未来个人的财务管理，空格中应该就是这种方法—从每天的零花钱开始攒起，慢慢到每月的零花钱。
小贴士：所填的句子起着承上启下的作用，看懂上下句是解题的关键，同时注意看上下句中的关键词，会有呼应现象。还要注意观察同段的句子结构等细节内容。
Passage 2 （选自Self-Assessment 2）
Mistakes Are a Must on the Road to Success
① When Kamprad was a teenager, he became interested in a pro-Nazi group run by a Swedish fascist activist by the name of Per Engdahl. He not only attended group meetings but also raised funds and recruited members to the group between 1942 and 1945. It is unknown when Kamprad quit the group. 26 This part of Kamprad‘s past remained hidden until 1994，when Engdahl‘s personal letters were made public after his death.
② ―This is part of my life I bitterly regret,‖ said Kamprad. ―After a couple of meetings in pure Nazi style, I quit.‖ In a letter he wrote to employees titled ―The Greatest Mistake of My Life,‖ Kamprad apologized to IKEA宜家家居（瑞典公司）employees of Jewish heritage and asked for their forgiveness. 27 Following its publication, Kamprad said in an interview, ―Now I have told all I can. Can one ever get forgiveness for such stupidity?‖
③ 28 ―That was the biggest blunder I‘ve made in my entire life, and I regret it deeply,‖ he said ―I have said sorry, many times, but it has left an unremovable mark on my conscience that continually haunts me and perhaps it‘s best this way.‖ Joining the Nazi group would be a mistake that he would be paying for on a personal level 就个人角度来说for the rest of his life. 29 He was criticized and he was attacked in the media, but sales at IKEA continued to increase. His popularity actually rose following the incident because of the honesty with which he dealt with the after-effect后果.
④ Experience has taught Kamprad that not only could the business world be forgiving of his mistakes, but that it was those very mistakes that could end up moving mountains. 30 Working in Almhult, Gillis Lundgren, a new employee, had been standing beside a car with a colleague, trying to figure out how to get a bulky庞大的 wooden table into the back of it. Finally, against company policy, Lundgren said, ―Oh God, then, let‘s pull off the legs and put them underneath.‖ It was with that simple statement that IKEA would reorient itself towards the flat design production for which it has become famous today.
⑤ ―IKEA is not completely perfect,‖ said Kamprad. ―We are going the right way to becoming it, for sure,
but we are not there yet.‖
A. Kamprad had made a crucial mistake in sympathizing with Nazi‘s in his teenage years- B. However, he remained friends with Engdahl well into the 1950s.
C. However, professionally, Kamprad had been left relatively unharmed. . D. Indeed, the success of IKEA can be traced back to a simple mistake in 1956. E. Kamprad was arrested soon after the war was ended.
F. He also devoted two chapters to the incident in his 1998 book, ―The History of IKEA.‖ 26. 【答案】B
【解析】根据第一段最后一句的信息，直到1994年，由于Engdahl的私人信件被公开，Kamprad的那段过去才被发现。Engdahl之前都没有提到过，可以推断空格处的句子会对这个人的情况有所介绍。而且空格前后都有表示时间的短语，故选择B。
27. 【答案】F
【解析】根据空格处后面一句中的开头following its publication可知，这里的its是对前一句中某个词的替代；再根据句意，应该是有书被出版，故选择F。
28. 【答案】A
【解析】根据后面一句提到That was the biggest blunder I‘ve made in my entire life，可以看出这里的that是对前一句的指代，根据文意，那个巨大的错误应该是指他青年时期对纳粹的同情。故选择A。
29. 【答案】C
【解析】第三段前半部分讲了Kamprad所犯的错误和他的懊悔。而后半段讲了宜家的销售成绩却因为他的诚实应对不减反升。由此可以看出空格处的句子应该是有转折意味、承上启下的句子，故答案为C。而且C项中的professionally和前句中的on a personal level是对立的，空格后讲到He was criticized and he was attacked in the media。
30. 【答案】D
【解析】第四段追溯了宜家如何改变设计方向的历史，故选择D。 Passage 3 （选自Self-Assessment 3）
The Rise of the Toilet Texter
① We know where some of you are reading this.
② A recently released survey of the mobile phone habits of Americans, going where few other surveys care to go, has found that 75 percent of the ordinary people have used their mobile devices while on the toilet. 26
③ The survey of l,000 people by the marketing agency 11mark found that private contemplation沉思，冥想 has given way to toilet-time talking, texting, shopping, using apps（应用软件，application的缩写）, or just surfing the Web, by both sexes and most ages. 27
④ It gets weirder. One-quarter of Americans say they will not go to the bathroom without their devices. While 63 percent have answered calls, 41 percent have called someone else while enthroned. Sixteen percent in the 28-to-35 group, the youngest sample surveyed, have made purchases there. A mere 8 percent of the oldest group has felt such retail urgency. Understandably, given their infrequent chances at privacy, people with children are more likely to talk on the phone than are the childless. 28
⑤ Hope you are sitting down for this: 20 percent of males have at one time joined a conference call from the
toilet. Thirteen percent of American women have participated in meetings from the toilet. 29 Be grateful that location-based tracking is not yet so prevalent. Be worried about the rise of video on mobile devices. Ignore all background noises. Really.
⑥ This is, in a sense, an evidence to our collective passion for communication and contact over all other needs, and a lesson in how quickly ideas of decorum（礼貌得体） adjust to the times. 30 If someone is making or taking calls while on the toilet, they are most likely using a BlackBerry. Using an app or playing on Facebook most often is done on an iPhone. In general, Android owners are more likely than owners of other phones to use them on the toilet.
A. It is also a decent read on brand-related habits.
B. That is every fifth male co-worker, and every eighth female colleague.
C. Among those 65 and older, however, only 47 percent have used their mobile devices on the toilet. D. Married people are far more likely than the single to text. E. Single people are far more likely than the mated to text. F. Among those aged 28 to 35, the figure is 91 percent. 26. 【答案】F
【解析】综合比较五个选项只有C或F可能入选。根据常识可知，使用手机的大多数为年轻人，所以这个统计数字应是面向年轻人的，由此可以判断F最符合，答案为F。
27. 【答案】C 【解析】第三段还是在用一些研究数据表明在厕所使用手机的现象。最后指出这种现象存在于男女老幼之中，因此本空可以考虑选入C项，即老年中使用手机的还是占少数。
28. 【答案】E
【解析】第四段提到了有了孩子的家庭中，在打电话上花费的时间比没有孩子的要多。由此我们可以判断出单身的人比有了配偶的人花在短信上的时间要多。因此选E。
29. 【答案】B
【解析】第五段前两句Hope you are sitting down for this: 20 percent of males have at one time joined a conference call from the toilet. Thirteen percent of American women have participated in meetings from the toilet.讲到20%的男性有过一次参加从厕所打来的电话会议的经历，13%的女性曾经参加过从厕所打来的电话会议的经历。所以本段的关键词是male和female，由此可以推出B项最符合。
30. 【答案】A
【解析】第五段空格后面列举了人们在卫生间里利用蓝莓手机打电话，用苹果手机浏览网页，使用安卓的人还是最多的。这些信息与A项中的decent read和habit相关联。答案为A。
第五部分：填词补文（第31～40题，每题1.5分，共15分）
下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中，10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
分析句子成分，根据所缺的成分确定词类，这样可以大大缩小范围，提高效率和正确率。现在把句子成分和词类进行匹配：
（1）缺主语用名词或动名词。例如：
Diligence can make up for a lack of intelligence. Learning a foreign language well is important for us. （2）缺谓语用动词。例如：
He is helping the little girl with her English now.
Great changes have taken place in China since the introduction of the reform and opening policy. Her topic was complex, but she simplified it in a way that we could all understand. （3）缺宾语用名词。例如：
Any policy that creates unemployment will meet with strong resistance. The test measures language learners‘ achievement in reading English novels. （4）缺表语用形容词或名词。联系动词包括be（am, is, are），变化词（become, get, turn, go, fall），保持动词（keep, stay, remain），感官动词（look, sound, taste, smell, feel）等。例如：
It is very lovely.
She was frightened when she heard about the accident.
The traffic light has turned yellow, so you‘d better wait a while.
If you don‘t put the meat in the fridge in hot summer, it will go bad soon. Everything has fallen quiet at the disappointing news. He decided that he would keep single his whole life.
To stay healthy, we‘d better have proper exercises every day. The cloth feels very soft.
He is a worker while his wife is an actress.
（5）缺定语应该考虑形容词，其次是名词。例如： an interesting story （此处补充-ing / -ed的区别） a huge mistake a careful student
death / birth / marriage /divorce rate
（6）缺状语用副词，副词可以用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。例如： He is walking very slowly.
Learning a foreign language well is extremely important to people working in joint ventures. Undoubtedly, Taiwan is part of China.
Unluckily, he was badly injured in the accident. （7）非谓语动词
分词请务必搞清楚现在分词和过去分词的区别：前者表示主动，后者表示被动；前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示动作已经完成。例如：
the exploiting class剥削阶级 / the exploited class