发布时间 : 星期四 文章中考英语二轮复习第二部分语法专题突破篇专题十复合句讲与练更新完毕开始阅读5bd268395b0102020740be1e650e52ea5518ce7c
专题十 复合句
真 题 试 做
(A)1.(2018宜宾中考改编)That's the boy ______ won the first prize in the competition yesterday.
A.who B.which C.whom D.where
(B)2.(2018宜宾中考改编)Do you know ______？ A.how old is he B.how old he is C.he is how old D.how much is it
(D)3.(2018安徽中考)—I wonder ______ Jane gets on so well with her classmates. —Because she always cares much about others. A.whether B.how C.when D.why
(A)4.(2018北京中考)—Alice, could you tell me ______ London? —Sure.Last Sunday. A.when Mr.Smith left B.when Mr.Smith will leave C.when did Mr.Smith leave D.when will Mr.Smith leave
(A)5.(2018广东中考)—Could you tell me ______ you'd like me to pay you? —You'd better use mobile payment.I don't care ______ it is Alipay or WeChat Pay. A.how；whether B.how；why C.what；whether D.what；why 考向归结
在近年的中考中,对复合句的考查主要面向：1.宾语从句(引导词、语序、时态)；2.定语从句(关系词的选用)；3.状语从句(时间、地点、原因、目的等)。
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考 点 突 破
宾语从句
在复合句中,放在动词或者介词后面起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。 1.宾语从句的引导词 引导词 例句 当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导；thatWe found (that) mom had known the secret.无意义时,可省略 当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用whether,if 引导 当特殊疑问句充当宾语从句时,用我们发现妈妈知道了那个秘密。 The boy asked his mom if he could drink cola.男孩问他的妈妈他是否能喝可乐。 Do you know who he is looking for? 你知道what,who,where,when,how,why,which,whose他在找谁吗？ 等特殊疑问词引导 2.宾语从句的语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都要用陈述句语序,其构成是：主句＋引导词＋陈述句语序(主谓语序)。如：
We don't know where he lives.我们不知道他住在哪里。 Do you know where he lives？你知道他住在哪里吗？ 3.宾语从句的时态
在宾语从句中,谓语动词的时态要和主句中谓语动词的时态保持一致,其一般规律为： 规律 例句 Just watch what he does.只是看看他做什么。 主过从过：主句中的谓语动词如果是一般过去The police asked the boy where his mom was.时,从句中的谓语动词要用相对应的过去时态 警察问男孩他妈妈在哪儿。 主现从不限：主句中的谓语动词如果是一般现We don't know when he was born.我们不知道在时,从句中的谓语动词可以用任何时态 他生于何时。 2
真理不变：如果从句所说的是客观真理或事实,The old told us the earth goes round the sun.从句中的谓语动词则要用一般现在时 4.宾语从句与简单句的转换 由连接代词或连接副词what,how,where等引导的宾语从句可转换为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
She hasn't decided where she will go on holiday.＝She hasn't decided where to go on holiday.她还没决定去哪里度假。
Could you tell me how I can make fruit salad? ＝Could you tell me how to make fruit salad? 你能告诉我怎么做水果沙拉吗？
定语从句
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句；被修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又在定语从句中充当句子成分。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who,whom,that,whose,which；关系副词：when,where,why。如：
The man who lives next to us is a policeman.住在我们隔壁的那个人是个警察。 1.关系词的选用 先行词和引导词 例句 Jimmy is the man who/that has won the first prize.先行词指人时,引导词通常用who(作主吉米就是那个获得一等奖的人。(who/that作主语,不语或宾语),whom(作宾语),that (作主语能省略) 或宾语)；that作主语时不能省略,作宾The man (that/who/whom) we all like is our 语时可以省略 headteacher.我们大家都喜欢的人是我们的班主任。 (that/who/whom作宾语,可省略) 先行词指物时,可用that/which(作主语The book that/which is thicker is mine.那本厚些/宾语)引导；若前面有介词时,只能用的书是我的。(that/which作主语,不能省略) 老人告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。 3
which This is the park (that/which) we visited last week.这是上周我们游玩的公园。(that/which作宾语,可省略) The knife with which I cut the apples is very sharp.我用来切苹果的那把刀很锋利。(介词＋which) 先行词与定语从句中某个名词有所属关The math book whose cover is red is hers.那本红系,表示“……的”时,要用关系代词色封面的数学书是她的。 whose作定语 I will never forget the days when we studied 先行词为表示时间的词,且在定语从句together in America.我永远不会忘记我们一起在美国中作时间状语时,常用关系副词when 学习的那些日子。 先行词为表示地点的词,且在定语从句We spent two weeks in the city where we met for the 中作地点状语时,常用关系副词where first time.我们在初次相遇的城市里待了两周。 先行词为reason(原因),且在从句中作Nobody knows the reason why she left this company.原因状语时,要用关系副词why 没有人知道她离开这家公司的原因。 注意：关系副词when,where只能在从句中作状语,不可充当主语或宾语。 2.只能用关系代词that的情况 类别 例句 The most famous style that is created by her 先行词前面有形容词最高级时 is the short hair.她引领的最为人们熟知的时尚潮流就是短发。 Please move out all the desks that are old.先行词为请把所有旧桌子搬出去。 all,much,little,something,anything,eveIs there anything that I can do for you？我rything,nothing等不定代词或被其修饰时 可以为您做些什么吗？ 4