发布时间 : 星期六 文章江西省瑞金市2014高考英语 阅读理解和完形填空训练(2)更新完毕开始阅读645b693d10a6f524ccbf85d3
For example, some might say, “I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery (彩票). It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”
This guy’s a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought $200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner. He’s really a big loser! He didn’t say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.
Some politicians often use this trick. Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents(对手) says, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!” that’s true. However, and honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”
Advertisers(广告商) will sometimes use half-truths. It’s against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth. An advertisement might say, “Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache.” It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company.
This kind of deception happens too of often. It’s a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well. 64. How much did the lottery winner lose?
A. One hundred dollars. B. Two hundred dollars. C. Three hundred dollars. D. Four hundred dollars. 65. We may infer that the author believes people should _______. A. buy lottery tickets
B. make use of half-truths C. not take anything at face value D. not trust the Yucky Company
66. What do the underline words “net gain” in Paragraph 5 mean?
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A. final increase B. big advantage C. large share D. total saving
67. What can we know from the example of the Yucky Pill advertisement?
A. False statements are easy to see through. B. Half-truths are often used to mislead people. C. Doctors like to act in advertisements. D. Advertisements are based on facts.
参考答案 64—67 ACAB
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Jim suffered heart problems. In conversation he expressed little joy and it seemed that his life was drawing to a close.
When his heart problems led to operation, Jim went through it successfully, and a full recovery was expected. Within days, however, his heart was not beating properly. Jim was rushed back to operation, but nothing was found to explain the cause of his illness. He died on the operating table on the day before his 48th birthday.
Dr. Bruce Smoller, a psychologist (心理学家), had had many conversations with him, and the more he learned, the stranger he realized Jim’s case was. When Jim was a child, his father, a teacher, suffered a heart attack and stayed home to recover. One morning Jim asked his father to look over his homework, promising to come home from school at noon to pick it up. His father agreed, but when Jim returned his father had died. Jim’s father was 48.
“I think all his life Jim believed he killed his father,” Dr. Smoller says. “He felt that if he had not asked him to look at his homework, his father would have lived. Jim had been troubled by the idea. The operation was the trial (判决) he had expected for forty years. “Smoller believes that Jim willed himself not to live to the age of 48.
Jim’s case shows the powerful role that attitude (态度) plays in physical health, and that childhood experiences produce far-reaching effect on the health of grown-ups. Although most cases are less direct than Jim’s, studies show that childhood events, besides genes, may well cause such midlife diseases as cancer, heart disease and mental illness.
44. Jim was sent back to operation because ________. A. his heart didn’t work well B. he expected a full recovery C. his life was drawing to a close D. the first one wasn’t well performed
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45. What made Dr. Smoller feel strange about Jim’s case? A. Jim died at a young age. B. Jim died on the operating table. C. Both Jim and his father died of the same disease. D. Jim’s death is closely connected with his father’s. 46. From Smoller’s words, we can infer that ________. A. Jim’s father cared little about his study B. Smoller agreed that Jim did kill his father C. Jim thought he would be punished some day D. Smoller believed Jim wouldn’t live to the age of 48 47. Which of the following could have strong effect on one’s physical health according
to the text?
a. One’s genes. b. One’s life in childhood. c. One’s physical education.
d. The date of one’s birthday. e. The opinions one has about something. A. a, b, d B. a, b, e C. a, c, e D. b, c, d
参考答案44、AD 46-47 CB
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Do you want to live forever? By the year 2050, you might actually get your wish—if you are willing to leave your biological body and live in silicon circuits （半导体电路）．But long before then, perhaps as early as 2020, some measures will begin offering a semblance of immortality （虚拟的永生）．
Researchers are confident that technology will soon be able to track every waking moment of your life．Whatever you see and hear, all that you say and write, can be recorded, analyzed and added to your personal chronicles （履历）.By the 2030, it may be possible to catch your nervous （神经） systems through electrical activities, which would also keep your thoughts and emotions．
Researchers at the laboratories of British Telecommunications have given the name of this idea as Soul Catcher．Small electronic equipment will make preparation for Soul Catcher．It would use a wearable supercomputer, perhaps in a wristwatch, with wireless links to micro sensors under your scalp （头皮） and in the nerves that carry all five sensory signals．So wearing a video camera would no longer be required．
At first, the Soul Catcher's companion system —the Soul Reader —might have trouble copying your thoughts in complete details．Even in 2030, we may still be struggling to understand how the brain is working inside, so reading your thoughts and understanding your emotions might not be possible．But these signals could be kept for the day when they can be transferred to silicon circuits to revitalize minds everlasting entities （永生实体）.Researchers can only wonder what it will be like to wake up one day and find yourself alive inside a machine．
For people who choose not to live in silicon, semblance of immortality would not be as useless as they thought．People would know their lives would not be forgotten, but would be kept a record of the human race forever．And future generations would
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have a much fuller understanding of the past．History would not be controlled by just the rich and powerful, Hollywood stars, and a few thinkers in the upper society． 54．The main idea of this passage is that _______． A．human beings long for living forever
B．there are many difficulties in making the Soul Catcher C．people can live forever as technology develops D．the invention of Soul Catcher has great importance 【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。文章一开始就以一问一答的形式引起本文要讨论的话题：Do you want to live forever? By the year 2050, you might actually get your wish。即随着科技的发展，人们可以永生，虽然这只是虚拟的永生。
55．According to this passage,a Soul Catcher will be ______．
A．a new machine on which research measures have already been made B．a new invention in order to catch and keep human's thoughts
C．made by British scientists to offer something that looks like living forever D．made of silicon circuits which can catch people's nervous activity 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。第三段中提到研究人员把这种想法命名为Soul Catcher，其中的this idea指上段最后一句By the 2030, it may be possible to catch your nervous systems through electrical activities, which would also keep your thoughts and emotions。 56．We can infer from the passage that semblance of immortality is ______． A．to be a reality sooner or later B．far from certain
C．just an idea that couldn't t be realized at all D．a fading hope 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的第一段的最后一句But long before then, perhaps as early as 2020, some measures will begin offering a semblance of immortality可知答案，文章说到2050年就能实现永生的愿望，但是早在2020一些措施已经开始提供了。
57．The meaning of the underlined word \in the fourth paragraph is close
to . A．make dead B．make famous C．make known D．make active x【答案】D
【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文的to wake up one day and find yourself alive inside a machine可以猜测出，revitalize应该是make active，其中的active和alive一致。
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