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Unit7 International charities
Welcome to the unit
1. You have some pocket money left. 你还剩余一些零花钱。
◆ 注意：left是leave的过去分词，在此句中做后置定语，修饰pocket money，意为：剩下的、没有用完的。
left相当于一个形容词，放在被修饰的名词或anything/nothing/nobody等不定代词之
后。
eg：I have only one food ticket left. There is nothing left in the fridge.
◆ leave for 动身前往 leave 忘带，落下，离开 2. have a big lunch 吃顿丰盛的午餐
3. I’m too weak to walk any further. 我太虚弱，走不动了。
◆ I’m so weak that I can’t walk any further. = I’m not strong enough to walk any further. ◆ farther, further 这两个词都是far的比较级形式。
①farther和further都可指具体的距离，即空间时间上的“较远”。 Let's not go any farther/further.
②further还可用于抽象的引申义，如时间，程度和数量等，表示“进一步，更进一层”，此时，不能与farther换用。
I may be able to give you some further information about it. The problem will be further discussed at the class meeting.
4. help build a better world for everyone帮着为每个人建立一个更好的世界 a better world一个更美好的世界
5. provide basic education for children in poor areas为贫穷地区的孩子们提供基础教育 basic education基础教育 receive basic education接受基础教育 6. work for the equal rights of girls and women 为女孩和妇女的平等权利而工作 work for 为…而工作 equal rights平等的权利
8. prevent the spread of some serious diseases among young people预防年轻人中一些严重疾病的扩散
◆prevent ...(from) doing sth.； stop ...(from) doing sth.；keep ...from doing sth.; 均表示“阻止……做某事”。
上述三个结构中，在主动语态中stop 与prevent后可省去from，但在被动语态中不可省略;
而keep ...from ...中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。 The heavy rain prevented us going on, but we didn’t lose heart.
在被动语态中，from都不可省。 We were prevented by the rain from going there. ◆ protect…from/against…表示“保护……免受……”例如：Protect children from violence 9. do a good job 干得不错；完成得很好
Reading
1. an interview with an ORBIS doctor 一次对奥比斯医生的采访 2. tell us something about blindness告诉我们关于失明的一些事 say，speak，tell，talk的区别和用法 ▲ say一般作及物动词用，着重说话的内容，它的宾语可以是名词，代词或宾语从句。
eg: He can say his name. 他会说他的名字。 Please say it in English. 请用英语用。 ▲ speak强调说的动作，不强调所说的内容 。作及物动词时，常以某种语言作宾语。 作不及物动词时，常见的搭配形式有： speak of something/somebody谈到某事（某人）speak to sb 跟某人讲话，此外speak还可用于在较为正式的场合了表演讲或演说。 Can you speak Japanese? 你会说日语吗？ She is speaking to her teacher. 她正在跟她的老师说话。
He spoke at the meeting yesterday. 他昨天在会上讲了话。
▲ talk 一般为不及物动词，意思是“交谈，谈话，着重强调两具之间的相互说话。 eg: She is talking with Lucy in English. 她正在和露茜用英语交谈。 What are you talking about? 你们在谈论什么？
The teacher is talking to him. 老师正在和他谈话。
▲ tell常作及物动词，意为“讲述，告诉，动词常跟双宾语。
tell sb sth＝tell sth to sb告诉某人某事。 Did you tell her the news?＝Did you tell the news to her?
tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事 tell sb not to do sth 让某人不做某事 3. have eye problems 有眼疾 4. 80 per cent of these cases 80%的病例
“分数(百分数)+of+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的数与其中名词的数保持一致。如：
About 30 percent of the pupils were absent that day. 那天大约有30%的学生未到。
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海。
5. have money for medical treatment medical treatment医疗 medical是medicine形容词形式，医学的
6. Flying Eye Hospital 眼科飞机医院
7. do operations on sb. =operate on sb. 给某人做手术 operate 动词， operation名词 8. be used as a training centre 被用作培训中心
9. Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital. go to hospital去看病
afford sth.买得起某物 afford to do sth.负担得起做某事 can’t afford 负担不起
10. on board 在飞机(船、火车)上 11. learn about eye operations 学习眼科手术
12. teach them new skills 教他们新的技能
13. during a visit 在一次拜访中 during the last visit在上次的拜访中
14. be proud to do sth 以…做某事而自豪 be proud of 以…为荣 pride是proud的名词形式，be proud of =take pride in 15. help people see again帮助人们重见光明
16. treat people with eye problems治疗有眼疾的人 cure most eye diseases 治愈大多数眼病
cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病 Dr. Ma cured the old man of his blindness.
17. carry on working/carry on with our work 继续开展我们的工作 carry on (with sth) 继续开展，继续下去
18. Modern medicine is developing quickly. 现代医学正迅速发展
Develop动词，发展；加强 develop quickly发展很快
development名词， 发展 with the development of 随着----的发展
developed发达的developing发展中的a developed country一个发达国家a developing country一个发展中的国家
19. Thank you for your time. 感谢你的时间。
20. cut a person’s body open 给某人开刀 cut----open把---切开 21. the condition of being unable to see不能看见东西的状态
22. many more people 更多的人 23. get treatment得到治疗 Grammar, integrated skills and study skills
1. hand out leaflets to people向人们分发传单 hand out 分发；提出 hand in上交
2. hold a charity show 举行一次慈善义演
3. be set up in Europe在欧洲建立 set up 建起，设立 4. part of the United Nations 联合国的一部分
5. make the world a better place for children 使得世界成为一个更适合孩子们的地方 6. want the children to be healthy想让孩子们健康
7. raise money by selling Christmas cards 通过卖圣诞卡片募集钱
8. organize some activities组织一些活动 9. prevent them from getting illness 防止他们得病
10. look pale看上去苍白
11. What’s the matter (with sb)？(某人)怎么了？ What’s wrong with you? I don’t feel well. 我觉得不舒服
12. get toothache 牙疼 13. How long have you felt like this? 你感觉这样/这么不舒服多久了？
14. have a check 检查一下 15. nothing serious 没有什么严重的 16. Take this medicine after meals three times a day. 饭后服药，一天三次。 17.not---at all一点也不 not---any more= no more不再
18. Will it be a success? Will it be successful? 它将会成功吗？
19. keep asking myself不断问我自己 20. No time to be nervous any more.没有时间再紧张了。
21. make a lot of noise发出很多吵闹声 22.have to speak loudly不得不大声说话 Task
1. a secretary of a company 一家公司的秘书 2. be afraid of flying 害怕飞行 3. train as a nurse 培训为一名护士 4. live in a comfortable flat 住在一个舒适的公寓里
5. take the plane 乘飞机 6. help poor people with eye problems see again 帮助患有眼疾的穷人重见光明
7. make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 make up her mind to train as a nurse下定决心培训当护士 decide to do sth.
8. attend courses 参加课程 9. travel over 300 days a year 一年中超过300天都在旅游
10. get used to travelling by plane 习惯于乘飞机旅行 11. have as much money as before 和以前有一样多的钱
12. She thinks her life is more meaningful. 她认为她的人生更有意义。
13. used to work on the farm all day 过去常常整日在农场上工作 14. an officer 一个官员
15. learn about the conditions of the local people 了解当地人们的情况 16. enter a school 考入学校 三. 词形变化
1. especial-especially 2. educate-education
3. spread-spread-spread 4. interview-interviewer read-reader office-officer 5. blind-blindness 6. medicine-medical
7. treat-treatment 8. develop-developed-developing-development 9. hold-held-held set-set-set-setting 10. secretary-secretaries 11. operate-operation 12. most-mostly 一、 被动语态的用法：
1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫。 I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学习。
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的。
2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year. 去年修了一座新商店。
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被放置了很久很久。 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词
A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市将要修建一家新医院。 Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年会种更多的树。
4. 现在进行时的被动语态构成：am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→
My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行车。 They are planting trees over there. →
Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的树木。
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages. 这本书被翻译成多种文字。
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries. 在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上了太空。
6.过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were + being + 及物动词的过去分词
The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术。
The new road was being made.这条新路正在修筑。
7.过去完成时的被动语态构成：had + been + 及物动词的过去分词
The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前，教室尚未打扫。
The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门票被销售一空前我赶到了电影院。
8.将来完成时的被动语态构成：shall/will + have done
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 届时，他们结婚将满20周年。 The project will have been completed before May.该项目将在五月前完成。 9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词