发布时间 : 星期二 文章新视野大学英语第三版读写教程第三册课后答案更新完毕开始阅读6623ef29777f5acfa1c7aa00b52acfc789eb9fcc
preclude sb. from doing sth.
prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事；妨碍某人做某事
Better options may come along later, and taking the first option will preclude them from being free for the later and better ones. 后面可能会出现更好的选择，选了第一个他们就无法自由选择后面更好的了。
write sb. / sth. off
decide that sb. or sth. is a failure or not worth paying any attention to 认定…失败（或没有价值、不可救药等）
Don't write John off too soon; he may surprise you! 不要过早放弃约翰，他也许会出乎你的意料！
fail in sth.
not be successful in achieving sth. 做…失败；未能做到…
I'm sorry to tell you that your friend failed in his attempt to get the position. 很抱歉地告诉你，你朋友争取得到这个职位的尝试失败了。
triumph over
defeat sb. or sth.; be successful 打败；战胜；成功
The Qin triumphed over six rival states and emerged as the only power posed to unify China. 秦国战胜了六国对手，成为统一中国的唯一强权。
in (the) pursuit of sth.
in the process of looking for or trying to find sth. 在追求…的过程中；在寻求…的过程中
Unfortunately, not every magazine is produced and edited in the pursuit of excellence. 遗憾的是，不是每本杂志的制作和编辑都力求卓越。
work one's way to / through / into
achieve sth. gradually by working （通过努力）逐步达到
He spent 16 years with one company and worked his way into a top management position. 他在一家公司干了16年，通过努力最后成为了公司高层。
act as
perform a particular role or function 充当；起作用
My dictionaries act as great helpers in my study. 我的字典是我学习中的好帮手。 fall down
fail because of a particular reason or in a particular way 不足；不够好
The local authority is falling down on the job of keeping the streets clean. 地方政府没能做好保持街道整洁的工作。 Proper names
Winston Churchill 温斯顿 ? 丘吉尔（1874-1965，英国保守党政治家，二战期间担任英国首相，1951-1955年再度出任英国首相）
Harrow 哈罗公学（Harrow School，位于伦敦西北角，英国历史悠久的著名公学之一）
Albert Einstein 阿尔伯特 ? 爱因斯坦（1879-1955，美国物理学家、数学家） Thomas Edison 托马斯 ? 爱迪生（1847-1931，美国发明家） Abraham Lincoln 亚伯拉罕 ? 林肯（1809-1865，美国第16任总统）
Sandra Day O'Connor 桑德拉 ? 戴 ? 奥康纳（1930-，美国首位联邦最高法院女法官）
Stanford Law School 斯坦福大学法学院 Supreme Court Justice （美国）最高法院大法官
Reading comprehensive——Understanding
1.He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage. 2.They were thought to be slow learners in childhood, but they overcame their childhood difficulties and made magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today.
3.His strong will.
4.It means to keep their focus on achieving a positive end result, instead of letting small problems get in the way of good results.
5.Because they have the will to overcome profound obstacles and to work diligently in the pursuit of their goals, and have the passion for success.
6.Because firms preferred to hire less qualified men rather than risk hiring a female lawyer, which was unprecedented.
7.We should never give up on our dream, and one day we can change the world and make it a better place.
8.The secret of success is built upon a burning inward desire — a robust,
fierce will and focus — that fuels the determination to act, to keep preparing, to keep going even when we are tired and fail.
Reading comprehensive——Critical thinking
1.You may have tried and failed many times before you finally get success. But it does not matter. What matters is whether you can summon up (鼓起) all your courage again and again to face the hardships standing in the way of success.
2.Luck, talent, good relationships with your colleagues, etc.
3.? When I have realized that I am pursuing something that is hard to achieve, I would try to stick to the goal. But I will begin to think of what I can do to improve the situation. When it still doesn't work, I would try to analyze what the problem is and then make some changes and probably reset my goal.
? Yes, sometimes we are pursuing the wrong goal which can never be
achieved, only to find ourselves in deep frustration and profound fatigue. In this situation, I may give up the wrong goal and set up another goal that is achievable.
4.? Following the guidance of senior people. ? Getting sound advice from our parents. ? Setting a correct goal.
? Achieving success step by step.
? Developing good interpersonal relationships.
Language focus——Words in use
1.whereby 2.pursuit 3.inhibit 4.maintain 5.patriotic 6.transcended 7.endeavors 8.dedication 9.prestige 10.nominate
Language focus——Word Building：practice 1
1.inhabit 2.participant 3.attendant 4.pollutant 5.descendant 6.contestant 7.tolerant 8.resultant/resultful 9.neglectful 10.resourceful 11.boastful 12.respectful
Language focus——Word Building：practice 2
1.resultant 2.tolerant 3.pollutants 4.inhabited 5.contestants 6.descendants 7.attendants 8.respectful 9.participants 10.neglectful 11.resourceful 12.boastful
Language focus——Banked cloze
1.eventually 2.premier 3.endeavor 4.bypass 5.handicaps 6.committed 7.attained 8.transcend 9.feats 10.slightest
Language focus——Expressions in use
1.removed from 2.failed in 3.in the pursuit of 4.deviated from
5.precludes...from 6.triumph over 7.work their way into 8.written off
Structure analysis and writing ——Structure writing——Practice