发布时间 : 星期二 文章中华人民共和国合同法(总则)PRC Contract Law更新完毕开始阅读66e027070640be1e650e52ea551810a6f524c8b7
中华人民共和国合同法
CONTRACT LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA Translated & Compiled by John Jiang & Henry Liu 总则
GENERAL PRINCIPLES 第一章 一般规定
Chapter One: General Provisions
第一条为了保护合同当事人的合法权益，维护社会经济秩序，促进社会主义现代化建设，制定本法。 Article 1 Purpose
This Law is formulated in order to protect the lawful rights and interests of contract parties, to safeguard social and economic order, and to promote socialist modernization.
第二条本法所称合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。
Article 2 Definition of Contract; Exclusions
For purposes of this Law, a contract is an agreement between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations with equal standing, for the purpose of establishing, altering, or discharging a relationship of civil rights and obligations.
婚姻、收养、监护等有关身份关系的协议，适用其他法律的规定。
An agreement concerning any personal relationship such as marriage, adoption, guardianship, etc. shall be governed by other applicable laws.
第三条合同当事人的法律地位平等，一方不得将自己的意志强加给另一方。 Article 3 Equal Standing of Parties
Contract parties enjoy equal legal standing and neither party may impose its will on the other party.
第四条当事人依法享有自愿订立合同的权利，任何单位和个人不得非法干预。 Article 4 Right to Enter into Contract Voluntarily
A party is entitled to enter into a contract voluntarily under the law, and no entity or individual may unlawfully interfere with such right.
第五条当事人应当遵循公平原则确定各方的权利和义务。 Article 5 Fairness
The parties shall abide by the principle of fairness in prescribing their respective rights and obligations.
第六条当事人行使权利、履行义务应当遵循诚实信用原则。 Article 6 Good Faith
The parties shall abide by the principle of good faith in exercising their rights and performing their
obligations.
第七条当事人订立、履行合同，应当遵守法律、行政法规，尊重社会公德，不得扰乱社会经济秩序，损害社会公共利益。 Article 7 Legality
In concluding or performing a contract, the parties shall abide by the relevant laws and administrative regulations, as well as observe social ethics, and may not disrupt social and economic order or harm the public interests.
第八条依法成立的合同，对当事人具有法律约束力。当事人应当按照约定履行自己的义务，不得擅自变更或者解除合同。
Article 8 Binding Effect, Legal Protection
A lawfully formed contract is legally binding on the parties. The parties shall perform their respective obligations in accordance with the contract, and neither party may arbitrarily amend or terminate the contract.
依法成立的合同，受法律保护。
A lawfully formed contract is protected by law.
第二章 合同的订立
Chapter Two: Formation of Contracts
第九条当事人订立合同，应当具有相应的民事权利能力和民事行为能力。 Article 9 Capacity
Contract through Agent In entering into a contract, the parties shall have the appropriate capacities for civil rights and civil acts.
当事人依法可以委托代理人订立合同。
A party may appoint an agent to enter into a contract on its behalf under the law.
第十条当事人订立合同，有书面形式、口头形式和其他形式。 Article 10 Forms of Contract, Writing Requirement
A contract may be made in writing, in an oral conversation, as well as in any other form.
法律、行政法规规定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。当事人约定采用书面形式的，应当采用书面形式。
A contract shall be in writing if a relevant law or administrative regulation so requires. A contract shall be in writing if the parties have so agreed.
第十一条书面形式是指合同书、信件和数据电文（包括电报、电传、传真、电子数据交换和电子邮件）等可以有形地表现所载内容的形式。 Article 11 Definition of Writing
A writing means a memorandum of contract, letter or electronic message (including telegram, telex, facsimile, electronic data exchange and electronic mail), etc. which is capable of expressing
its contents in a tangible form.
第十二条合同的内容由当事人约定，一般包括以下条款： Article 12 Terms of Contract
The terms of a contract shall be prescribed by the parties, and generally include the following: （一）当事人的名称或者姓名和住所；
(i) names of the parties and the domiciles thereof; （二）标的； (ii) subject matter; （三）数量； (iii) quantity; （四）质量； (iv) quality;
（五）价款或者报酬； (v) price or remuneration;
（六）履行期限、地点和方式；
(vi) time, place and method of performance; （七）违约责任；
(vii) liabilities for breach of contract; （八）解决争议的方法。
(viii) method of dispute resolution.
当事人可以参照各类合同的示范文本订立合同。
The parties may enter into a contract by referencing a model contract for the relevant contract category.
第十三条当事人订立合同，采取要约、承诺方式。 Article 13 Offer-Acceptance
A contract is concluded by the exchange of an offer and an acceptance.
第十四条要约是希望和他人订立合同的意思表示，该意思表示应当符合下列规定： Article 14 Definition of Offer
An offer is a party's manifestation of intention to enter into a contract with the other party, which shall comply with the following:
（一）内容具体确定；
(i) Its terms are specific and definite;
（二）表明经受要约人承诺，要约人即受该意思表示约束。
(ii) It indicates that upon acceptance by the offeree, the offeror will be bound thereby.
第十五条要约邀请是希望他人向自己发出要约的意思表示。寄送的价目表、拍卖公告、招标公告、招股说明书、商业广告等为要约邀请。 Article 15 Invitation to Offer
An invitation to offer is a party's manifestation of intention to invite the other party to make an
offer thereto. A delivered price list, announcement of auction, call for tender, prospectus, or commercial advertisement, etc. is an invitation to offer.
商业广告的内容符合要约规定的，视为要约。
A commercial advertisement is deemed an offer if its contents meet the requirements of an offer.
第十六条要约到达受要约人时生效。
Article 16 Effectiveness of Offer, Offer through Electronic Message An offer becomes effective when it reaches the offeree.
采用数据电文形式订立合同，收件人指定特定系统接收数据电文的，该数据电文进入该特定系统的时间，视为到达时间；未指定特定系统的，该数据电文进入收件人的任何系统的首次时间，视为到达时间。
When a contract is concluded by the exchange of electronic messages, if the recipient of an electronic message has designated a specific system to receive it, the time when the electronic message enters into such specific system is deemed its time of arrival; if no specific system has been designated, the time when the electronic message first enters into any of the recipient's systems is deemed its time of arrival.
第十七条要约可以撤回。撤回要约的通知应当在要约到达受要约人之前或者与要约同时到达受要约人。
Article 17 Withdrawal of Offer
An offer may be withdrawn. The notice of withdrawal shall reach the offeree before or at the same time as the offer.
第十八条要约可以撤销。撤销要约的通知应当在受要约人发出承诺通知之前到达受要约人。 Article 18 Revocation of Offer
An offer may be revoked. The notice of revocation shall reach the offeree before it has dispatched a notice of acceptance.
第十九条有下列情形之一的，要约不得撤销： Article 19 Irrevocable Offer An offer may not be revoked:
（一）要约人确定了承诺期限或者以其他形式明示要约不可撤销；
(i) if it expressly indicates, whether by stating a fixed time for acceptance or otherwise, that it is irrevocable;
（二）受要约人有理由认为要约是不可撤销的，并已经为履行合同作了准备工作。
(ii) if the offeree has reason to regard the offer as irrevocable, and has undertaken preparation for performance.
第二十条有下列情形之一的，要约失效： Article 20 Extinguishment of Offer
An offer is extinguished in any of the following circumstances: （一）拒绝要约的通知到达要约人；