发布时间 : 星期四 文章2000考研英语真题中英对照解析更新完毕开始阅读673f2e323968011ca300910a
2000 Passage 1
adj. 不费力的 adj. 可怕的, 令人畏惧的 n. 1.障碍,阻碍2.缺陷;残疾3.加给强对手的不利条件
[?ef?tl?s]adv.轻松地 [?dredful] 极端的,糟糕的,讨厌的烦人的 ['h?ndik?p]vt.1.妨碍;阻碍2.使(某人)
行动和生活不正常
A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become
一段长时间并且不费力而成功的历史可能成为一种可怕的不利因素，但若处理得当，这种不利因素也有可能转化为一种积极的
a driving force.When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World
推动力。二战结束后，美国恰好进入了这样的一个辉煌时期
倍 [?n'p?r?,leld]adj.无比的, 无双的, 空前的
War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of
当时，它拥有比任何竞争者大8倍的市场，这使其工业经济具有前所未有的规模经济。 [skel]n.1.规模;程度;范围2.等级;级别
scale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were
美国的科学家是世上最优秀的，它的工人是最富于技术的。美国的国富民强是 ['prɑsp?r?s]adj.成功的,繁荣的,兴旺的
prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.
那些经济遭到战争破坏的欧亚诸国做梦也无法达不到的。
2.必然发生的事，不可避免的事 2.大主教的职位 2.意料之中 [?n'?v?t?b?l]adj.1.不可避免的,必然发生的 ['pra?m?si]n.1.首位,首要 [?n'ev?t?bl?]adv.1.不可避免地,必然地
It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew
richer. Just as inevitably, 随着其他国家日益强盛，美国的这一优势地位逐渐下降是不可避免的。
n.1.退却,撤退2.退军号,收兵号3.隐退处, 静居处
[r?'trit]vi.1.撤退;退却2.离开；离去 [pr?'dɑm?n?ns]n.1.优势2.主导或支配的地位 at a loss 不知所措,亏本
the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss
从优势地位上退出的痛苦也同样是不可避免的。到了80年代中期，面对其日益衰退的工业竞争力，美国人感到不知所措。
['fed??]n.褪色,枯萎,衰退 [in'd?stri?l]adj.1.工业的,产业的2.用于工业的3.有很多产业的,工业发达的
over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics,
面对国外竞争，一些大型的美国工业，如消费电子产业，
[?r??k]shrink的过去式和过去分词2.退缩；畏缩n.精神病学家,心理学家 2.不复存在, 绝迹,消亡 [?r??k]vt.&vi.1.收缩;（使）缩水,收缩,缩小,皱缩 ['v?n??]vi.1.消失,突然不见,（莫名其妙地）突然消失
had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television
已经萎缩或渐渐消失。到1987年，美国只剩下Zenith这一家电视生产商。
marker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July.)
（现在一家也没有了：Zenith于当年7月被韩国LG电器公司收购。）
n.1.纺织品,织物2.纺织业 4.（在投票等中的）大胜，全胜 5.弧线的；弯曲的 n. 1.家佣2.家庭矛盾3.棉布，平布
['t?ks,ta?l] ['swip??]adj.1.包罗万象的2.影响广泛的,大范围的 [d?'m?st?k]adj.1.本国的,国内的2.家庭的
foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America's machine-tool industry was
外国制造的汽车和纺织品正在大举进入国内市场。美国的机床工业也即将灭亡。
岌岌可危 [rop]n.1.粗绳,绳索,缆vt.1.(用绳子)捆,绑 adv.暂时 [,s?mik?n'd?kt?]n.〈物〉半导体
on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented
人们曾一度感觉下一个在海外品牌面前全军覆没的似乎该轮到美国的半导体制造业了，
['k??u?lti]n.1.伤亡者,伤员,亡者,遇难者2.
牺牲品;受害者3.急诊室
and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.
而在新计算机时代有着核心作用的半导体正是美国人发明的。
3.危难时刻,病危期4.转折点 3.成功n.[地名] [美国] 普罗斯佩里蒂 ['kra?s?s]n.1.危机,危急关头2.决定性时刻, 关键阶段 [prɑ'sp?r?ti]n.1.幸运,顺利2.兴旺,繁荣3.认为是理所当然的对…想当然
All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to
所有这一切导致了信任危机。美国不再视繁荣为理所当然之事。 ['ɡr?nt?d]conj.1.假定;就算2.不把…当回事；对…不予重视
believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to fall
他们开始相信自己的商业经营方式不灵了，也相信不久他们的收入也会因此而下降。
[?n'kwa?ri]n. 1.打听,询问2.调查,查问3.探究,探索4.疑问;问题
as well. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of America's industrial decline. Their
80年代中期，人们对美国工业衰退的成因作了一次又一次的探寻。
[s?n'se??n?l]adj.1.轰动性的,引起哗然的2.(报章等) 哗众取宠的；耸人听闻的3.极好的;绝妙的
Sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.
在美国人那些有时耸人听闻的发现中充满着对其他国家日益增长的经济竞争的警告之词。
['sɑl?d]adv. 1.连续地，不间断地2.全部地，完全地
How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back on five years
of solid growth while
情况的变化真快！1995年，当日本还在奋力拼搏的时候，美国却可以对5年的稳固发展作一回顾了。 [?'tribju:t]vt.认为…是;归因于 ['solli]adv.唯一地;仅仅;独一无二地 [di'v?lju]vt.1.使(货币)贬值2.降低(某事物)的价值
Japan has been struggling. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or
没几个美国人将这一巨变单纯归因于美元贬值或商业周期循环这些显而易见的原因。
[jild]vt.&vi.1.生产,出产,带来2.屈服,放弃;不再反对vi.1.变形,折断,塌陷2.让位于,被…所取代n.1.产量,收益2.收益量,产物
the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. \industry has changed its
到如今，对自身的怀疑已被盲目乐观所取代。“美国的工业已经改变了结构，
['kw?k,w?t?d]adj.聪颖的；机敏的；机智的 adj. 1.有执行权的；实施的2.经营管理的；经理的；决策的
structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be more quick-witted,\Richard Cavanaugh, executive
消除了滞胀，学会了明智”，这是哈佛大学肯尼迪管理学院行政院长理查德·卡佛纳的看法。[?ɡ'z?kj?t?v]n.经理，主管领导，管理人员
[din]n. 1.(大学的)学院院长, 系主任2.座堂主任牧师
dean of Harvard's Kennedy School of Government. \American just to see how our
“看到我们的企业正在提高自身的生产率，作为一个美国人，我感到自豪。”
[,prod?k't?v?ti]n.生产率, 生产力 ['institju:t]vt.建立,制定;开始,着手n.1.协会,学会;学院,研究院2.机构，机构建筑
businesses are improving their productivity,\Institute, a think-tank in
华盛顿特区的智囊团——卡托研究院的史蒂芬·莫尔说
Washington, D.C. And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School believes that people will look back on
哈佛商学院的威廉·萨尔曼相信人们将会把这一时期视为
this period as \
“美国企业管理的黄金时代”。
①A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force.
▲该句是一个并列句，由前后两个转折关系的分句组成，其间的连词为but。but与后一个分句之间又插入一个由if引导的条件状语if properly handled，该状语原来是一个if引导的条件状语从句，即if it(a history of long and effortless success) is properly handled，其中的it is由于和该分句的主句部分主谓语一致而被省略掉了。
△本句结构比较简明，只需注意but与it may become a driving force之间的if结构是一个插入语，并且是一个省略了主语和系动词的被动语态。此外handicap意为“不利条件”。 ②Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most skilled. America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.