发布时间 : 星期四 文章高中化学各类有机物之间的相互转化关系(精装版)更新完毕开始阅读67a4e8cb960590c69ec376fa
(1)CH光照3CH3+Br2
CH3CH2Br+HBr (2)CH催化剂2=CH2+H2△CH3CH3 (3)CH2=CH2+Br2
CH2BrCH2Br (4)CH2=CH2+HBrCH3CH2Br
(5)CH浓H2=CH2+H2O2SO4 CH3CH2OH
(6)n CH催化剂2=CH2 CH2CH2n
(7)CH≡CH+H催化剂2
△CH2=CH2 (8)CH≡CH+HCl催化剂△CH2=CHCl
催化剂(9)
nCH2CHCH2CHClCln
(10)CaC2+2H2OCH≡CH↑+Ca(OH)2
(11)
+ Br催化剂2
Br + HBr
(12)+ HO-NO浓H22SO4△NO2
+ (13)
+3H催化剂2
△
H2O CH3CH3O2NNO2(14)
+ 3HO-NO浓H22SO4△+3H2O
NO2CH3(15)酸性KMnOCOOH4或酸性K2Cr2O7 (16)2
OH+2Na2
ONa+H2↑
OH+NaOHONa+H2O OH+Na2CO3
ONa+NaHCO3
(17)ONa+HClOH+NaCl
ONa+CO2+H2O
OH+NaHCO3
OHOHBrBr(18)
+3Br2
↓+3HBr
Br(19)2CH3CH2OH+2Na2CH3CH2ONa+H2↑ (20)CH3CH2OH
浓H2SO41700CCH2=CH2↑+H2O
(21)COH+HO-C浓H2SO42H5-2H51400CC2H5-O-C2H5+H2O
(22)CH3CH2OH+HBr
△ CH3CH2Br+H2O
(23)2CHOH+O催化剂3CH22△2CH3CHO+2H2O CH3CH2OH+CuO△ CH3CHO+Cu+H2O
(24)2CH催化剂3CHO+O2
△2CH3COOH
(25)CH△3CHO+2Ag(NH3)2OH CH3COONH4+2Ag+3NH3+H2O
(26)CH△3CHO+2Cu(OH)2
CH3COOH+Cu2O↓+2H2O
(27)CH催化剂3CHO+H2△CH3CH2OH
(28)CH浓H2SO43COOH+HOC2H5△CH3COOC2H5+H2O (29)CH稀H2SO43COOC2H5+H2O△CH3COOH+C2H5OH
(30)2CH3COOH+2Na
2CH3COONa+H2↑ 2CH3COOH+Na2O
2CH3COONa+H2O CH3COOH+NaOHCH3COONa+H2O
2CH3COOH+Na2CO32CH3COONa+H2O+CO2↑CH3COOH+NaHCO3
CH3COONa+H2O+CO2↑
(31)CH3COOC2H5+NaOH△ CH3COONa+C2H5OH
(32)CH水3CH2Br+NaOH△CH3CH2OH+NaBr (33)CH乙醇3CH2Br+NaOH
△CH2=CH2↑+NaBr+H2O
(34)CH2Br水CH2OHCH2Br+ 2NaOH
△CH2OH+2NaBr
(35)CH乙醇2BrCH2Br+2NaOH
△CH≡CH↑+2NaBr+2H2O
(36)CH2OH催化剂CHOCH2OH+O2△CHO+2H2O
(37)CHO催化剂COOHCHOCH2OHCHO+O2△COOH (38)CHO+2H催化剂2△CH2OH
O(39)COOHCHO2OH浓H2SOCCH2COOH+4CH2OH△CCHOO2+2H2O
(40)nCOOHCH2OH浓H2SO4COOH+nCH2OH△
OOHOCCOCH2CH2OH+(2n-1)H2O n
↓
各类有机物之间的相互转化关系
高聚酯(40)CH3(14)(37)CH3O2NCOOHNO2OH(16)(17)NO2CH2CH2CH2n(6)CH2Br(34)CH2OHCH2OH(36)(38)CHOCHO(39)COOHCOOHBr(11)(15)Br(3)(35)CaC2(10)(7)(8)六元环状酯ONaCH3CH3(2)CH2CH2CHCH(9)(13)(12)(1)(4)(33)(5)(20)CH2CHClCH2CHClNO2(18)nOHBrCH3COOH(30)Ag(25)Cu2O(26)(24)BrCH3CH2Br(32)(22)CH3(21)CH2(19)OH(23)(27)CH3CHO(28)(29)Br(31)CH3CH2OCH2CH3CH3CH2ONaCH3COOCH2CH3CH3COONa