发布时间 : 星期一 文章基于zigbee的室内无线定位设计学士学位论文更新完毕开始阅读6847a65e82c4bb4cf7ec4afe04a1b0717ed5b306
目 录
设计总说明..........................................................I INTRODUCTION.......................................................II 1 绪论 ............................................................1 1.1 课题研究的背景与意义.........................................1 1.2 本文主要工作及组织结构.......................................5 2 ZigBee 技术的简介 ...............................................6 2.1 ZigBee技术基础知识...........................................6 2.2 IEEE802.15.4协议栈和ZigBee协议栈概述.........................8 2.3 ZigBee网络构成.............................................11 2.4 Z-Stack协议栈...............................................14 3 无线传感网络中定位技术介绍 ..................................19 3.1无线传感网络定位技术概述.....................................19 3.2 无线传感网络定位技术的分类..................................21 3.3 无线传感网中基于测距的定位算法..............................22 4基于ZigBee网络的室内定位系统设计................................30 4.1定位系统结构图...............................................30 4.2定位系统硬件设计............................................31 4.3定位节点软件设计............................................34 4.4节点和上位机间通信...........................................40 5实验及结果分析.................................... ..............44 5.1测试条件与环境..............................................44 5.2测试结果分析...............................................44 6 总结..........................................................46 参考文献.............................................................48 致谢........................................................49
华北科技学院毕业设计（论文）
基于ZigBee技术的室内无线定位技术设计
设计总说明：
无线定位广泛应用在导航、测量、自动控制等多个领域。目前，以GPS 为代表的卫星定位系统已经非常成熟，但在小范围或室内无线定位系统中，定位的精度、成本、能耗等方面还不能完全满足需求。近年来，新兴的ZigBee技术为无线定位注入了新的活力。ZigBee 技术的低功耗、低成本、高扩展性的特点为构建无线定位系统提供一种很好的解决方案。
本文以ZigBee 技术为基础，完成了一种无线定位方案的设计与实现。该定位系统中有三种设备，分别为参考节点、控制器和需要求得其位置的移动节点。定位过程中使用的测量参数为接收信号强度指示RSSI。各设备中采用的ZigBee 无线模块为TI 公司生产的CC2530，这种芯片直接支持RSSI技术。
无线定位系统涉及到定位的测量参数、算法和通信这三种关键技术。本文首先讲解ZigBee通信部分，包括各种设备的通信过程、定位通信的规范、用到的消息格式以及交互流程等。然后，本文介绍了无线模块中使用的RSSI 参数特性，并以CC2530 的定位引擎进行定位计算为基础实现了一个定位系统，对该引擎在室内环境中的定位性能进行了测试和分析。
最终完成的定位系统能实现：在低密度布网中，能定位出移动节点所在的区域，也能进行一维定位即求得移动节点的一个坐标，从而得出它所处的位置区域；而在高密度布网中，能进行二维定位，判断出移动节点在平面中的准确位置。
根据对定位引擎的性能测试结果,提出改进意见。本文为进一步降低构建定位网络的成本和实现楼层空间内的定位提供了一种可行的解决方案。
关键词：无线定位；ZigBee；室内定位；CC2530；定位引擎；接收信号强度指示
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基于ZigBee技术的室内无线定位技术设计
Wireless location indoor systems based on ZigBee
INTRODUCTION：
Wireless location has applications in navigation, measuring, automatic control and many others. At present, GPS has been very mature, but in a small or indoor location system, the location accuracy, cost and many others can’t fully meet the demands. In recent years, the appearance of the ZigBee technology has injected new vitality for the wireless location. ZigBee is a low-power, low cost, highly scalable technology, and which provides a good solution to build a location system.
In this paper, we propose a wireless location system based on ZigBee. There are three kinds of equipment in the systems which are the reference node, the mobile end device and the controllers. Received signal strength indicator is the location parameters. The ZigBee wireless module used in the equipment are TI CC2530, and both of this chips support the RSSI.
Wireless location systems usually require three different key technologies, which are location parameters, algorithms and the communication. In this paper, we introduced the ZigBee communications in the first. And then, we explain the RSSI parameters in the wireless module. We use the calculation of the location engine in the CC2530 to build a location system, and we make a performance testing and analysis in the indoor environment.
In thel location systems can do: in the low density of network, we can get one-dimensional locations and knows one coordinate of the mobile device; in the high density of network, we can get two-dimensional locations and know exact location of the mobile device.
According to the test results of the engine, we give the advice of the location program in the indoor environment.At the end of this paper, we explain how we can further reduce the cost of building a location network and how to achieve a floor location system. Key words: Wireless Location; ZigBee; Indoor Location; CC2530; Location Engine; Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)
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