发布时间 : 星期三 文章2011年高考英语语法专题复习 - 图文更新完毕开始阅读6d3a3951f01dc281e53af0e1
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别注意一些最常用的词汇，如get, make, have, take等。 一 动词分类一览表
行为动词 (实义动词) 及物动词(vt.)＋宾语 不及物动词(vi.) 后不加宾语 ＋介词 系动词 动 词 的 分 类 He sang a song for us. He arrived late. He arrived in Beijing at10 a.m. 表人或事物的特征和状态：be, feel, He is a farmer. He seems angry. appear, seem, look, sound等 表状态变化：become, get, go, turn, grow, The fish went bad. He became a doctor. fall等 表状态的延续或持续：keep, remain, stay等 It keeps warm. He remained silent. Do come tomorrow. I have bought a car. 助动词(不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形或分词构成合成谓语)：be, have, do, shall和 will的各种形式 情态动词can(could), may(might), shall(should), He may come tomorrow. We must study hard. will(would), must, need, dare等 注：有些动词是兼类词。如：We have lunch at 12.(行为动词) /We have been to Japan.(助动词)
二 动词短语构成一览表
动 词短 语构 成 动词＋副词 动词＋介词 动词+副词＋介词 动词+名词＋介词 动词+名词 break out Agree with Come up with Make use of Take place The Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937. I agree with you on that point. I came up with a good idea. You should make full use of your time. Great changes are taking place in our life. 三 高中常用动词短语：
常用动词come, go, keep, look, make, put, take, turn的搭配 1. come
come about 发生，造成； come across 越过某处；被理解；偶然发现, 偶然遇到 come after 跟在…后面，追踪；寻找
come along 来到；一道走；赶快；再加把劲儿 come at 向...扑过来, 向...袭击
come back 回来；东山在起；重新流行；回想起；还嘴（常与此同时连用）
come from 由…造成；出身于；来自于
come into being／existence 出现，开始形成，建立 come in 进来；（蔬菜、水果等）到成熟期，上市 ；涨潮；火车进站，船进港口；
（比赛中）得…名次（come in second得第二名） come on 跟随；上台；（工作等）进展；赶快；骑（马2. go
go about 四处走动；（故事、消息等）传开；在…地方
等）；
come out 出来; 出发；出版；名列…；（总数等）达到（+ at/to）
come to (oneself)苏醒; 总共; 达到; 碰到 come to an agreement达成协议 come to a close/an end终止，结束
come to life活过来；活跃起来；栩栩如生 come to light 泄露（真相）；被发现 come to mind想起，回忆起
come to the point （讲话、写文章等）切中要害 come to the /one' s rescue帮助 come true实现，变成现实
come up 升起；走进；种子生长发育； 被提出 来回走动
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go after 追赶；追捕；追求
go ahead 前进；开始干某事；说吧,走吧,做吧(口语)；走在前面
go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事 go around/round绕道；（在某一地方）四处走动；（故事、消息等）传开；在头脑中盘旋 go beyond 超出；超出…的能力 go by从…经过/通过；（时间）流逝过去；顺便走访 go back to 追溯到 ；返回；恢复到；回顾 go down（温度等）下降；（价格等）下跌；倒下；（太阳、月亮等）降到地平线下 go in for参与，参与（竞赛等）；从事（某项工作）；爱好，酷爱 3. keep
keep away(使)不靠近，（使）远离；不沾
keep back往后站，后退；阻止；对…保守秘密；（从工资等中）扣压，扣下；留给
keep in mind把…记在心里；记住
keep in order（使）保持整齐，使井井有条；维持秩序 keep in touch with与…保持联系 keep off（使）不接近，（使）保持距离；挡开，避开；回避（避开）某话题
keep one?s ears open（口）留心细听；倾听 4. look
look about/around向四周看；仔细查看 look after 照料 ；寻找
look ahead向前看；展望未来; look at看；察看；大致浏览
look back 回顾 ；回过头看；回忆
look down one?s nose at傲慢;看不起; 轻视某人 look down upon/ on sb 轻视某人；鄙视某人/某物 look forward to doing /sth. （殷切地，愉快地）期待，希望；预计有…情况
look into sth注视…的内部或深处；（=investigate sth.）5. make
make out （勉强地）看出；辩认出；理解； make up 构成
make up for 补回失去
make up one's mind（s） 决定,下决心 make an effort to do努力，尽力
make oneself heard使自己被别人听到 6. put
put away 放好；收起来；把…放在原位；储藏 放弃 put aside放在一边；抛弃；暂时不做；留出(时间),省出(钱)
put back 放在原处；推迟, 延期
go into 进入 ；撞在…上；调查 go off 离开某地；放弃；（口）变坏，变酸（水、电、煤气等）被切断
go over 越过；超过（期限等）；审阅或审查，核对；仔细查看；复习
go out (火)熄灭,过时了,罢工
go through 穿过；进过；议案、决议等被通过；遭受，经受 (痛苦/困难), 审阅；完成 go too far 太过分, 走太远了
go with 相配（同义词match/go along with） go well with 协调
go wrong 出错;发生故障
keep one?s eyes open留心看着，注意留神，提防 keep out（使）不让入内，不要进来；留出来 keep out of将…置身于…之外；（使）不参与；不牵涉进去；不要惹事/麻烦
keep quiet保持安静，别吵闹；保守秘密，隐瞒某事（+about sth.）
keep up your courage保持勇气，别泄气 keep up with 跟上
调查；浏览(书报等)
look sb. in/into the eye/face 镇定勇敢地面对 look like／as if似乎是；看起来像 look on /upon sb./sth. as 把...看作. look out 小心,当心；向外看
look over 对…审阅；粗略地看；翻阅
look through 透过…看（尤指空隙或透明物体等）；（从头到尾）初略地翻阅
look up 仰视；(从词典，电话本等中)找出 look up to sb 尊敬某人
make good /no sense有意义/没意义 make fun of 嘲笑，和某人开玩笑 make up of 由...组成
make one?s living by doing 通过做… make tea/coffee 泡茶/咖啡
put down放下；让（乘客）下车； 压下去；写下来 put forward 提出（计划/建议等）；拨快钟点；推荐 put off 推迟, 延期；打消, 关上 put into use 投入使用
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put off脱掉（衣服等）；推迟，延期 put on 穿上,带上；长高；上演 put out 扑灭,吹灭；生产；出版
put up 举起；张贴；留某人过夜；建造 ；提出（建议等
7. take
take away 拿走, 挪开，拿开；（使）离开，把某人带走
take back 拿回来 ，退回；送回某人；（同意）收回（退货）
take A for B 把A误认为是B
take sb./sth. for granted认为…是必然情况，视为当然 take part in参加
take pride in =be proud of 引以为自豪 take advantage of 利用；占…的便宜 take care of照看，照顾
take charge of开始负…的责；看管；控制 take a chance 碰运气 8. turn
turn against 背叛；（使）事情对…不利；（使）攻击 turn around/round转过身去，将…转过来；使（船、飞机等）返航
turn down 拒绝；音量调低 ；向下翻； turn into 把...变成...；把...翻译成... turn in 上交 turn left向走转 II、实战演练
put up with和某人住在一起；忍受，忍耐
put through 做成，完成；接通电话 使通过考试；使经历（难受的事）
put one's heart into 全心全意投入
take hold of抓住；掌握
take notice of对…注意／留心；认真地听
take the opportunity of抓住机会；利用（机会） take the place of代替 take the risk of冒…的险 take off 拿开；去掉；（飞机）起飞；脱下（衣、帽等） take on a new look 呈现新面貌 take up 占据(时间,地方)；从事于 take in吸收（气、水等）；接纳（工作人员等）；收集；骗
take in turn 依次
turn off关掉（开关等）；关闭，断开 turn on打开（开关、水、电等）
turn out制造出，生产出，培养出；结局是，结果是；原来是
turn over 移交，把...打翻
turn to 转向，求助于，翻到第几页 turn to sb for help 求助于
圈出划线部分的正确答案，使句子完整正确。
1.The question that is remained / remains / remaining is: can Luo Peng, the young star, be like Jordan and lead
the Bulls to an NBA championship?
2. As the popular saying says / tells / goes, “Laugh and the whole world laugh with you. Cry and you cry alone.” 3. With the weather worsening, they called off / called for / called in the voyage from London to Australia. 4. “Goodbye, then,” she said, without even looking away/looking up/looking at from her book. 5. Why don?t you just care/mind/consider your own business and leave me alone?
6. Hardly could he get through/get down/get into this amount of work in such a short time.
7. The computer system broke out/broke up/broke down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
8. Don?t be taken in/taken off/taken away by products promising to make you lose weight quickly. 9. Does this meal cost $50? I expect/prefer/suppose something far better than this? 10. Someone who lacks perseverance is unlikely to turn/make/grow a good researcher. 11. ---Julia said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it? ---Oh, really! I haven?t examined/tested/checked my mailbox yet. 12. I can?t find my watch. I must have left/forgotten/put it in the hotel. 13. Lei Feng was always ready to help others when they were in trouble and he never turned down/turned over/turned up their request.
14. If no one replies/answers/receives the phone at the home, ring me at work. 15. You will accept/receive/get a warm welcome when you come to China. 16. The clothes cost/spent/took me 500 yuan.
17. The terrible noise from the man?s room simply caused/turned/drove me mad. 18. It does/feels/makes good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea in summer. 19. I built up/set up/took up the hobby of fishing as a child.
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20. In my opinion, all Mr. Tom does does do/does do do/did do does good to his students in his class at present.
答案：1. remains 2. goes 3. called off 4. looking up 5. mind 6.get through 7. broke down 8. taken in 9. expect 10. make 11. checked 12. left 13.turned down 14. answers 15. receive 16. cost 17. drove 18. feels 19.took up 20.does does do
专题十 动词的时态 I、重点难点解析
高考中通常是把时态和语境结合起来考查。题干中往往没有明确的时间状语，需要考生搜索出时间参照信息。英语有16种时态，中学阶段常用的是10种。
一 动词的基本形式一览表
二 常用10种动词时态的构成及其常用时间状语一览表 形式 原形 现在时第三人称单数形式 变化规则 一般情况 以ch, sh, s, x结尾 以o结尾 以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 过去式过去分词规则变化 一般情况 以不发音e结尾 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 以 “辅音字母＋y”结尾 一般情况 以不发音e结尾 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 时 态 一般现在时 一般过去时 构成方法 加-s 加-es 加-es 变y为i ，加-es 加-ed 直接加-d 例词 see, finish, teach look→looks, write→writes teach→teaches, finish→finishes guess→guesses, mix→mixes do→does, go→goes try→tries, cry→cries stay→stayed, look→looked decide→decided, hope→hoped 双写这个辅音字母再加-ed stop→stopped, admit→admitted 变y为i ，加-ed 加-ing 去e，再加-ing 双写这个辅音字母再加-ing carry→carried, try→tried go→going, read→reading have→having, write→writing cut→cutting, run→running 现在分词 构 成 动词原形 （第三人称单数+s等） 动词过去式 常用时间状语 always, usually, often, sometimes, every…,etc. yesterday, the day before yesterday, the other day, last…,…ago, etc. 第 36 页 共 65 页