发布时间 : 星期四 文章人教版英语教材高一重难点总结更新完毕开始阅读780f595e3b3567ec102d8a4d
人教版英语教材高一重难点总结 lonely=unhappy because one is always away from
He is bored.
his family or friends，“孤独地”“寂寞的”，暗示4.survive幸存；活下来；残存；继续存在。 Unit 1 Good Friends 主观上的“孤独”“寂寞”，渴望有伴。也可以表He survived the traffic accident.
一、语法 示“地方的荒凉”。 Only three hundred houses survived the earthquake Direct and Indirect Speech(1) lone也有“孤独的，孤零零的一个”，作定语。 in that city.
直接引语和间接引语 eg: I'm alone but I'm not lonely.
survive作不及物动词，表示“残存；留传”的意1.直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应I can see only one lone star in the cloudy sky. 思。
的调整。 leave sth alone表示“不去理会，不要去管某事”。The custom still survives in that small village. eg: \一般过去时改成过如： 四、日常交际用语 去完成时) Leave me alone!别理我! Hi there. I'm Joe. He told me he had broken my CD player. Let alone“更不用说”。如： I enjoy singing.
Jenny said,\现在完成时改成He can't speak Japanese, let alone write it. I hate hiking and I'm not into classical music. 过去完成时) 作形容词时，alone不能与very连用, 而与muchI'm fond of dancing. Jenny said she had lost a book. 连用，即说much alone或very much alone或all I'm (not) sure that ... Mum said,\’ll go to see a friend.\一般将来时改alone；而lonely可与very连用：very lonely. Perhaps ...
成过去将来时) 3.treat sb. as ...把某人当作??来对待 He/She thinks that ... is boring/terrible. Mum said she would go to see a friend. The old man treated the orphan as his own son.
He said,\过去“把某人看作??”有以下几种说法： Unit 2 English around the world 完成时保留原有的时态) regard sb as ...=consider sb as ...=think of sb as ... 一、语法
He said they hadn't finished their homework. “把??误当作??”: take ... for ...如： Direct and Indirect Speech(2) 注意：直接引语是客观真理，过去进行时，时态People sometimes take a rope for a snake. 不定式在间接引语中的运用
不变。 4.care about表示“关心，计较，在乎”，一般用祈使句变为间接引语时要将祈使句中的动词原2.在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语于否定句。如：
形改为不定式，并在不定式前加上动词
时第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称I don't care about going to the cinema. ask/tell/order等；若直接引语中的祈使句表示的要按照主句中主语的人称变化。如： care for表示“关心，照料，喜欢”，如： 是命令的口气，间接引语用tell/order; 若祈使句Mary said,\She cared more for new clothes than for anything 是否定式，则在不定式前加否定词not, 即Mary said her brother was and engineer. else.
tell/order sb. not to do sth.如： 3.直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一5.make friends with sb.和??人交朋友。如： \般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导We have made a lot of friends with the different He told me not to smoke in the room.
的宾语从句。如： people all over the world. 若直接引语中表示的是请求的口气，间接引语用He said,\6.hunt for“竭力寻找”，在很多情况下，look forask，如：
He asked Mike whether/if he could run. 与search for或hunt for互换。如： \4.直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为I hunted for the missing book everywhere. friend said.
“tell(ask, order, beg等) sb (not) to do sth”句型。be after表示“搜寻”“寻找”的状态，不指具体My friend asked me to give the bird clean water 如： 的动作。如： every day.
\That's what I am after. \He asked him to pass her the water. 7.such as用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，She asked me to help her with her homework.
5.直接引语如果是以“Let's”开头的祈使句，变有时可与like互换，但such as用于列举时可分开当直接引语是疑问句时，在转变为间接引语时，为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动名词或从句”使用。而for example一般只举同类人或物中的应运用疑问词+不定式，在句中作宾语。如： 的结构。如： “一个”为例，作插入语，用逗号隔开，可置于\She said,\’s go to the cinema.\句首句中或句末。 He wanted to know when to start. She suggested going to the cinema.(或She My brother likes collecting different kinds of things, 二、聚焦高频考点
suggested that they should go to the cinema.) such as coins, books. 1.a great/good many+可数名词的复数形式，如： 二、聚焦高频考点 三、常用词语和句型
There are a great many Indian words in American 1.倒装句型：前句为肯定句，后句用so+谓语+主1.be into sth.对??感兴趣，非常喜欢??(非正English.
语，意为“某人也??”。如： 式英语) a number of+可数名词的复数形式，如：
She likes dogs. So do I. eg: I'm not into classical music.
A number of teachers and students take an active 前句为否定句，后句用neither/nor+谓语+主语，2.be fond of酷爱，非常喜欢，与enjoy相近，比part in the match.
意为“某人也不??”。如： like感情强。
the number of中的number指“总数量”，与复数The girl has no brothers or sisters. Neither/Nor have eg: In his life, he is fond of English. 名词连用，谓语动词用单数。如：
I. 3.boring主语为物，如： The number of the Doctor and Masters in this 2.lonely, alone和lone The book is boring. primary school is only 20.
alone=by oneself, without others bored主语为人，如： 2.except for, except, besides, but, but for用法区别
except for用于非同类事物，它的宾语与前述对象不属同类。
eg: The essay is generally good except for some spelling mistakes.
but for=without表示“要不是??”。一般放在句首，表达语气是虚拟的，主句也用虚拟。如： But for the Party, we would never get a good life. except和besides用于肯定句时，except表示“除??之外（不再有）”强调除去部分；besides表示“除??之外（还有）”强调还包括的部分。如：
We all went hiking except Jack.(Jack不去) We all went hiking besides Jack.(Jack也去)
except, besides, but用于否定句时可互换，如： Nobody could get the certification except/besides/but you. 谓语是do时，except/but后的不定式省去to. 如： He did nothing but/except stay at home all day. But前没有do时，but后不定式要带to，如： We have no choice but to wait.
3.定语从句中关系代词只能用that的情况 1)先行词是all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。如： That is all that I want to tell you.
2)先行词被all, few, any, every, little, no, some修饰时。如：
I have finished every book (that) my teacher lent me.
3)被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，如： The second lesson that she learned will never be forgotten.
4)先行词被only, the very, the same, the last修饰时，如：
He is the only one that I want to see. 5)先行词既有人又有物时，如：
We were talking of things and persons that we remembered in the liberated area.
4.as作关系代词或关系副词引导定语从句时，as可作主语，表语，这个定语从句说明或代表整个主句，并可以放在主句之前。如：
As we all know, English is spoken all around the world.(as作宾语)
As is known to all, there is no ghost in the world.(as作主语)
5.助动词do使用不同的时态替代前文提到过的某一动词词组以避免重复。如：
In the same way Americans use the expression \guess\这里的did替代前面的used the expression “I guess”) 30 years ago. 6.主语+have+(no, little, some, much, great, ...)
difficulty/trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难/麻烦。如：
I have no difficulty in getting a job.
三、常用词语和句型
1.More or less 多少；有点儿；或多或少有几分 eg: I hope he can give you more or less help. The child is more or less tired.
2.mean(meant, meant) 意味；打算；意欲 I'm sorry, I didn't mean to.(我不是故意的) mean to do打算做??
He meant to have lunch here. mean sb to do打算做??
I mean you to have dinner with me tonight. mean (doing) sth打算做??
To him, doing nothing means giving up.
3.communicate with sb.与??人沟通，通信。 My friend often communicates with a foreigner by letter.
communicate sth. to sb.把??通知/告诉某人 I like communicating my plans to him. 4.knowledge知识；认知；消息；knowledge of“了解”
My knowledge of Japanese is so poor.
My cousin has a good knowledge of physics. 5.all around the world=all over/throughout the world
四、日常交际用语
Can you spell that, please? I beg your pardon?
Could you repeat, please?
How do you say ... in English? What do you mean by ...?
How do you pronounce ...?
Could you speak a bit slowly, please? What does ... mena? Unit 3 Going places 一、语法
The Present Continuous Tense for Future Actions 1.现在进行时表示一般现在时
现在进行时有时用来代替一般现在时，表示一个经常性动作或状态，为了表示一种情感：
eg: He is always helping others.(表示赞许的情感) She is always lying to me.(表示不满的情感) 或是为了强调情况的暂时性。
eg: I'm walking to school because my bike is broken.
For these three days, we are starting at 8:00.
2.现在进行时可用来表示将来时, 现在进行时表示将来时，即表示按计划或安排在最近将要进行的动作。
特别是一些表示“移动性”的动词，如：go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, get等，常用进行时表示将来时。如：
My mother is leaving for Canada tomorrow. How long are you staying in Guangzhou? 二、聚焦高频考点
1.consider doing sth.=think of doing sth.“考虑做某如：
事”，如：
I prefer coffee to tea.
I'm considering going abroad for further study.
Which of these two films do you prefer?
consider carefully before taking action三思而后行 prefer doing sth. to doing sth.(这里的动词用动名consider ... (as), regard ... as ..., treat ... as ...都含词形式)表示相对于后一动作，更喜欢做前一个动“认为??是??”意思。
作。
consider侧重“经过考虑而认为”，表示“一种比I prefer cycling to walking.
较客观的看法”, 如：
prefer to do ... rather than do 宁愿??而不愿 consider what he said (as) reasonable. 我认为他说prefer to die rather than surrender
的有道理。
prefer to do ...喜欢做某事，用于只列举一个动作regard 指“把??认为”,“把??看作”，表示时。
“以外部形象得出认识或个人的主观认识”，如： She prefers to be alone.
He was regarded as the foremost authority on 7.why not ...?=why don't you ...?
chemistry. 他被认为是化学最高权威。
Why not go rafting with us?=Why don't you go treat表示“在某种认识的基础上看待或对待”，rafting with us?
重在行动，而不在认识，如：
8.at the same time同时 They will not be treated as enemies.他们不会被当at times=sometimes有时
做敌人对待。
at all times=always随时，无论什么时候 2.means=way，方式，方法。
at one time=once从前，曾经 by means of通过；用；借助于，强调方式，方法。at a time一次，每次
如：
at no time决不，任何时候都不 Nowadays the Internet is an important means of 9.unless：“除非”，“如果??不”
communication.
You'll fail in the exam unless you study hard. 今天网络是信息交流的重要工具。
= If you don't work hard, you'll fail in the exam. The local army men helped the victims of the 三、常用词语和句型
earthquake by every means at their command. 1.try doing sth.试着做某事
当地的军人用一切可能办法帮助地震灾民。 eg: I tried doing all the things myself. He climbed the tree by means of a ladder. try to do sth.努力/尽力做某事(但未成功)
他用梯子爬上了树。 eg: The doctor tried to persuade his patient to stop 常用短语：
smoking, but failed.
by all means 一定；务必
2.experience(n.)经验(不可数名词)；经历；阅历(可by any means 用一切可能的方法或手段 数名词)
by no means 决不，一点也不 eg: I don't think he has enough experience for the by this means 用这种方法
job.
3.equipment装备；设备；必需品 experience(n.)经验；体验；感受
office equipment办公室设备
eg: Many people like traveling to experience life in Our school has been given some new equipment. other countries.
我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。
experienced(adj.)有经验的，熟练的
A good sleeping bag is an essential part of every eg: Miss Liu is an experienced English teacher. campers equipment.
3.be popular with ...如：
一个完好的睡袋是每个露宿者必不可少的装备。 This dance is popular with young people. 4.on one hand一方面；on the other hand另一方面,这种舞很受青年人喜爱。 如：
4.instead(adv.)代替
I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I instead of=in place of后跟名词，代词，动名词或ought to be studying.
介词短语
我想去参加聚会，但从另一方面来说，我应该留5.protect ... from ...保护??免受?? 如： 下来学习。
Don't worry. He will protect you from being hurt. 5.get away from ...从??逃离，脱离，离开。如： 6.have to意为“不得不，必须”，强调客观上的必He hoped he could get away from the meeting. 要；must则侧重于主观上的必要。 get away with ...(不可用被动语态)潜逃，逍遥法7.see sb. off给某人送行
外。
8.separate(adj.)分离的，分开的；单独的。 Don't expect you can get away with the accident. eg: Cut the apple into three separate parts. 6.prefer与to搭配，表示“like sth. better than sth.”
My sister and I sleep in separate beds.
separate(v.)使分离，使分开。
eg: Separate the good ones from the bad.
separate sth. (up) into ... 分开(几分)，分割成(几段)
The farmer separated the land (up) into small fields. 9.watch out for sth. 注意，警惕 eg: Watch out! The bus is coming.
You must watch out for the cars when you cross the car.
四、日常交际用语
Have a nice time in Guangzhou! Say \Have a good trip.
Unit 4 Unforgettable experiences 一、语法
The Attributive Clause(1)
复习关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1.who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词。
eg: Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who/that在从句中主语)
He is the man whom/that I met yesterday.(who/that在从句中宾语)
2.Whose用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换)如：
Please pass me the book whose cover is blue.
3.which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可 作主语，宾语等。如：
The book (which/that) my teacher lent me is very interesting.
二、聚焦高频考点
1.be(get) married 表示婚姻状态。如： They are married.
She got married to a doctor.
如果要表示结婚的时间，可用表示行为动作的连系动词get。
When did he get married? He got married in 1997. 如果是父母作主，把女儿“嫁”出去，也用marry，如：
She married all her daughters.
She married her daughters to a farmer.
2.occur, happen, take place都含“发生”的意思。 happen为常用词语, 指“一切客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生”，如： The accident happened yesterday. 事故发生在昨天。
happen to sb./sth.指不好的事情发生在某人(物)身上
occur属正式用语, 指“按计划使某事或效果发
生”，通常所指的时间和事件都比较确定，在以具体事物,事件作主语时，可与happen 互换，如： These events occurred in 1909. 这些事件发生于1909年。 occur to sb./sth.指“某种思想等呈现于某人的知觉中”，如：
Didn't it occur to you to phone him about it?
take place 指“发生事先计划或预想到的事物”，如：
The meeting took place at 8:00 as planned. 按计划会议在八点举行了。 3.be on fire着火，表状态。如： That's better./Keep trying.
Unit 5 The silver screen 一、语法
The Attributive Clause(2)
复习由介词和关系代词共同引导的定语从句以及由关系副词where, when, why引导的定语从句。
“介词+关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。这个结构中的介词可以是in, on, about, from, for, with, to, at, of, without等，关系代词只可用whom或which,不可他不能来。
She failed to pass the exam. 她考试不及格。
5.think highly of=sing high praise for高度评价，称赞某人/某物
eg: All the people think highly of her good deeds. The teacher sang highly of the little boy. 6.make comments on/upon评论某事
eg: We are asked to make comments on the film. 三、常用词语和句型
1.become adult=grow up成长，成人
eg: What are you going to do when you grow up? She means to stay here for two more days.
mean doing“意味着”
Missing the plane means waiting for another hour. 2.apologise to sb. for sth./doing sth./what从句,为某事向某人道歉
You should apologise to your teacher for coming late.
I apologise for my mistakes.
I want to apologise for what I've done.
make an apology to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人道歉 She has made an apology to me for her carelessness.
Look out! The pan is on fire. catch fire 表动作
eg: The house caught fire last night. on the fire指的是炉火 eg: The pan was on the fire.
4.现在分词作状语表示伴随情况。句中有两个以上的动作，除主要动作用谓语动词表示外，另一个伴随动作均可用现在分词来表达。如： The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.
Before they reached the house, a new great wave came, sweeping down trees, and sweeping them down too.
I sat at the gate, waiting for my mum. 三、常用词语和句型
1.remember to do sth. 记着做还没做过的事情。 eg: She'll remember to send the letter for you. 2.remember doing sth.对做过的事情还记得。 eg: I remember having met you before.
remember sb. to ...代??问好/问候。如： Remember me to your parents.
3.used to“表示过去常常做??”该动作不是没有反复性。
注意used to的否定式和疑问句：
I used not to like classical music.(此时used to作情态动词)
I didn't use to like classical music.
Used you to like opera?(此时used to作情态动词) Did you use to like opera? 四、日常交际用语 Help!
I'm afraid to ... I'm afraid. It scares me. Don't worry. Don't be afraid. It'll be OK/all right. It's all right! Well done. You can do it! Come on!
用that，且介词后面的关系词不能省略。另外某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系代词” 结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。
eg: This is the house in which my mum and I used to live.
This is the house where (that) my mum and I used to live.
I'll remember the days in which you stayed with me.
I'll remember the days when (that) you stayed with me.
Is this the reason why (that) she was late? Is this the reason for which she was late? 二、聚焦高频考点
1.play an (important) role in=play an (important) part in 在??起(重要)作用，担任??(重要)角色。如：
China is playing an important part in international trading.
Keanu Reeves played an important role in Speed. 2.owe表示“负债”，如：
Don't forget you still owe me 5000 RMB! owe ... to“感激；把??归功于??” The director owed his success to his family. 3.afford买得起
eg: He can afford an apartment. 他能买得起一套住房。 afford经受得住；承担得起 eg: Can you afford $12000 for ...? 你花得起12000美元买??吗？
I can't afford three weeks away from work. 我无法丢下工作三星期。 afford提供；给予
eg: The transaction afforded him a good profit. 这笔买卖使他赚了一大笔。
eg: He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.
他告诉我公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。 4.fail to do sth.不能, 不(做), 忘记；疏忽 eg: He failed to come.
grown-up(adj.)成年的
eg: She has two grown-up sons. 2.be famous for以??而闻名
eg: This town is famous for its beautiful buildings. 这个城镇以它那漂亮的建筑而出名。 be famous as作为??而闻名
eg: Keanu Reeves is famous as an actor. 3.cause(vt.)引起，使发生 cause sb. to do sth.
eg: I'm sorry I have caused you so much trouble. Your words caused him to change his mind. 4.can't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 eg: I couldn't help laughing at his joke. 5.take one's place“就座”；“代替某人的工作” eg: After we took our place, the meeting began. The headmaster asked for a leave and I had to take his place.
四、日常交际用语
You studied /worked /acted at different ... First?, and then ... What did you do next?
Finally you found a job as ... Later on ...
What made you decide to ...? What roles did you act?
What do you think of the film?
How long have you been working as ...?
Unit6 Good manners 一、Grammar
The Restrictive Attributive Clause and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。如： This is the car which we bought last year.
The house, which I bought last week, is very bright. 二、聚焦高频考点
1.mean to do“打算，企图”。
3.forgive(forgave, forgiven)饶恕，豁免，宽恕。常指原谅一个人的过失 Just forgive him!
Don't forgive such a person. excuse表示语气，程度逐渐加强，指轻微的冒犯，失礼。
Excuse me for being late.
pardon多指较正式，客气的请求。
Please pardon me for stepping you on the foot. 4.at the table餐桌旁
We are discussing a question at the table. at table在进餐
His family are sitting at table. on the table在桌面上；公开
The wounded solider are lying on the table. The manager is going to put the question on the table.
5.advice(不可数名词)
a piece of advice/much advice
give; follow/take; ask for advice提出，接受，征求意见
eg: I usually ask for his advice.
Some people don't like taking others' advice. advise sb. to do sth.劝告(建议)某人做某事
eg: My mother advised me to listen to BBC news. Advise+从句(从句用should+动词原形，should可省略)
eg: She advised me that I (should) study hard. 6.be busy with sth.忙于某事 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 三、常用词语和句型
1.fault(性格上)的缺点，毛病，过错 eg: Talking too much is his greatest fault. error=mistake(理解，判断上的)错误，误会 eg: She has an error in judging that man. 2.to be surprised被震惊
to one's surprise出乎某人意料的事 in one's surprise(内部)惊奇
3.start with/begin with从??开始 eg: The party started with a song. end with ...以??结尾
eg: The trip ended with an unhappy quarrel. 4.drink to sb's health为某人的健康干杯 eg: Let's drink to Micky's health. 四、日常交际用语
Forgive me. I'm very sorry. Oh, that's all right. I apologise for ... Oh, well, that's life.
I'm sorry. I didn't mean to ... It's OK.
Oops. Sorry about that.
Unit 7 Culture relics 一、语法 The Passive Voice(1) 现在完成时被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态结构是“have/has been+过去分词”。如：
Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
How many new shopping malls have been set up here?
二、聚焦高频考点
1.include包括；包含。如： Price $14.90, postage included.
价格14.90美元，邮资包括在内。
He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech.
他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。 比较以下两个句子：
Eight people hurt in the accident, including three children.
Eight people hurt in the accident, three children included.
2.give in“屈服”“投降”。如： They prefer to die than give in.
give in“(植物等)枯死，成批死去” The plants gave in to the cold weather.
with the help of ...“在??的帮助下”如： With the help of the teacher, the students made great progress last term. bring back“归还”；“使恢复”如：
Remember to bring back the book tomorrow. The letter brought back many memories.
3.begin=start,其后都可以跟不定式或动名词做宾语。一般情况下，不定式或动名词可以互换。但以下三种情况只能用不定式： 1)主语是物时
I started/began to cry/crying.
The flower began/start to come out. 2)当begin，start本身是进行时态时 The teacher was beginning to get angry.
3)当非谓语动词是表示心理状态的动词时，如
realize, understand, know等。
指的是同一件东西。如： Finally, she began to realize the importance of Unit 8 Sports That's the same pen I lost.
English.
一、语法 5.prefer ... to ... 喜欢??而不喜欢??(to是介4.represent代表
The Passive Voice(2) 词)
We should choose someone to represent us.
一般将来时被动语态
eg: I prefer swimming to running.= His words were 5.“及物动词＋名词＋介词”这种短语动词转换被动语态由助动词“be+过去分词”构成，其时not paid any attention to.
为被动语态时有两种形式。一种是短语动词当作态则通过be的不同形式体现出来。将来时态的prefer后可直接加名词，代词，动名词等；prefer 一个及物动词。
被动语态由will/shall+be+过去分词构成，表示某to后跟动词原形。如：
eg: They didn't pay any attention to his words.= His 事将要被干。一般将来时被动语态的各种句式： Which one do you like, tea, milk or coffee? words were not paid any attention to.
主语+will/shall+be+过去分词+其它成分 I prefer milk.
另一种方式是把短语动词看成“动词＋宾语＋介The flower will be watered tomorrow.
Do you want to take a taxi? 词”结构。上句可等于: No attention was paid to his 主语+will/shall not+be+过去分词+其它成分 No, I prefer to walk. words.
The flower will not be watered tomorrow. Do you like swimming?
6.It+be+adj.+that-clause 这是主语从句句型。主语Will/Shall+主语+ be+过去分词+其它成分 Yes, but I prefer playing running 从句在句中作主语，可置于主句谓语动词之前，Will the flower be watered tomorrow? 6.every可与表示数量的词连用，表示时间或空间但常用it作形式主语，而把它移到主句之后。如： When will the flower be watered? 的间隔。如：
It is very important that we study English well. 二、聚焦高频考点
Every four years athletes from all over the world 三、常用词语和句型 1.would rather和动词原形连用。否定形式为take part in the Olympic Games.
1.lie(lay, lain, lying)躺
would rather not do sth.如： I usually go to the cinema every three days(every eg: Jack was still lying in bed.
I would rather leave now.
third day).
Lie还表示保持在某种状态或位置 would rather do ... than do ...表示宁愿做什么而不Every后可接few, 但不能接a few, 因every一词eg: Those towns lay in ruins. 愿做什么
已包含a之意；every后也不能接some, several, 2.keep使某人/物保持某种状态 如：They would rather die than surrender.
many等词。every后接序数词时，则修饰单数可keep the door open would rather和句子连用。通常动词用过去时，是数名词。
keep the fire burning 虚拟语气。在表示以前的动作时，用had done。7.from/in/on/at/about/+which引导定语从句
keep the child happy
如：
关系代词which, whom在定语从句中作介词的宾keep on doing继续作某事(含强调重复性和决心) I'd rather you went home now. 语时，介词一般放在关系代词之前，有时也放在No matter what happens, just keep on trying. I'd rather he hadn't done that.
定语从句后面。
Keep doing不停地，不断地做某事(表示连续不断2.join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛，游戏”The train on which I was traveling was late.
的动作或持续的状态)
等。如：
The house in which the old man lived was on fire Why did the baby keep crying?
Come on, join in the ball game.
last night.
Keep sb./sth. doing sth.使某人/某物继续做某事 He's going to join in the talk tonight.
The old Olympic Games from which the modern You have kept me waiting so long! take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说games came began around the year 776 BC in Keep sb./sth. from doing sth.
明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。Greece.
Sars keeps many people from traveling. 如：
8.more ... than有两种含义：一是普通的比较级；3.主语+be+ said to be ...据说??
We'll take part in social practice during the summer 另一种表示“与 其说是??”, “是??而不是”，eg: The man is said to be a professor before. vacation.
指对同一事物的两种属性进行选择。
It is said that ...据说??
They often take part in outdoor activities.
She is more diligent than wise. 与其说她聪明，不eg: It is said that there is going to be a storm.
Part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。如： 如说她勤奋。
4.happen, take place, break out, belong to等不及物Lincoln took an active part in politics. 三、常用词语和句型
动词无被动语态 3.stand for代表，特征。如： 1.prefer ... to ...喜欢??而不喜欢??, to是介词 四、日常交际用语 What do GRE stand for? I prefer swimming to running.
What shall we put in? The dove stands for peace.
Prefer后可跟名词，代词，动名词 Let's put in ...
stand for赞同，支持，拥护。如：
Would you like to take a taxi? What/How about ...? Almost everyone in the world stand for peace. No, I prefer walking. Can't we put in ...?
stand for容忍。如：
Prefer to后跟动词原形 Maybe we could put in ... She can't stand for his rudeness. I prefer to swim.
Why not ...?
4.the same as意为“同??一样”。如：
Which one do you like, tea, milk or coffee? Should we put in ...? Many of the sports were the same as they are now. I prefer milk.
I'd like to choose ... the same ... as意为“与??一样”，后跟从句。指2.do one's best to sth.=try one's best to sth.尽某人Why don't you ...? 的是两样东西。如：
最大努力做某事
I'd like to ... The pen is the same as you bought yesterday.
As your best friend, I surely will try my best to help Why not ...?
the same ... that意为“与??一样，后跟从句。
you.