发布时间 : 星期二 文章电动叉车转向驱动系统更新完毕开始阅读78f8c31ac281e53a5802ffb4
哈尔滨工业大学本科毕业论文（设计）
电动叉车传动系统匹配及性能分析
摘 要
电动叉车驱动系统性能的好坏在很大程度上取决于驱动电机。为了满足电动叉车所要求的各项性能指标，使叉车整体的性能得到更好地发挥，对电机本身性能参数的选择非常重要。同时由于电动叉车在行驶的过程中所遇到的工况比较简单，并且所面临不同工况的阻力变化比较小，在电机和叉车的车轮之间联接上机械传动部分的变速器或固定速比减速器及主减速器，有利于减轻驱动电机及电池组的负荷，所以确定传动系统的传动比也是一个重点。本文根据电动叉车的整车参数及动力性能指标的要求，通过分析计算对驱动电机进行选型并确定了机械传动系统的传动比，使驱动电机与传动系统的参数合理匹配，有利于提高电动叉车整体的动力性能。
本论文主要研究的是三支点式平衡重电动叉车传动系设计与计算，因此本论文先根据整车的基本数据初步确定驱动转向桥的初始尺寸；然后利用MATLAB绘制电机特性曲线图，通过分析电机特性曲线图对传动比进行优化，根据得到的优化尺寸利用CATIA进行三维建模；利用CATIA的工程图输出功能输出二维图到AutoCAD进行编辑。
关键词 电动叉车；传动系；匹配；MATLAB
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哈尔滨工业大学本科毕业论文（设计）
Transmission of electric forklift match and performance analysis
Abstract
The performance of the drive system of electric forklift depends largely on the driving motor. In order to meet the requirements of the various performance index of electric forklift to improve its overall performance, choosing appropriate parameters is very important to the driving motor. It is necessary to connect a transmission or a main reducer assembly to decrease the load of the motor and the battery source between the motor and wheels because of the simple working conditions and the little resistance change faced while the forklift is running. so the calculation of transmission ratio is another key point . The article choosed appropriate parameters for the driving motor and designed the transmission ratio to match the parameters between the Driving Motor and the Transmission System by analysis and calculation. Meanwhile,it can help to improve the overall dynamic performance of the electric forklift.
This thesis is to design and calculate three-wheeled electric forklift’s transmission system. so at the beginning this paper determine the initial size of the transmission system according to the data of this forklift, then use MATLAB software drawing the motor characteristic curve，By analyzing the characteristic curve of the motor to optimize the transmission ratio. After getting the optimized data, I use CATIA software to build 3D mode, then, for editing 2D engineering drawing, the qualified model is output into the software of AutoCAD by the CATIA’s engineering graphics output function.
Key Words Electric forklift, Transmission system, Matching, MATLAB
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哈尔滨工业大学本科毕业论文（设计）
目 录
摘 要 ............................................................................................................. I Abstract .......................................................................................................... II 第1章 绪 论 .............................................................................................. 1
1.1 课题研究目的和意义 ......................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外研究现状概述 ......................................................................... 1 1.3 本文主要研究内容 ............................................................................. 2 第2章 三支点式平衡重电动叉车传动系概述 ............................................ 3 2.1 电动叉车传动系统概述 ..................................................................... 3 2.2 电动叉车动力传动系统布置形式选择 .............................................. 4 2.3 电动叉车动力传动方案拟定 ............................................................. 5 2.4 本章小结 ............................................................................................ 6 第3章 电动机参数确定及特性分析 ........................................................... 7
3.1 叉车整车参数的确定 ......................................................................... 7 3.2 电机功率的选择 ................................................................................ 7 3.3 直流串励电机的分析 ......................................................................... 9 3.3.1 直流电动机的原理 ....................................................................... 9 3.3.2 直流串励电动机的机械特性 ..................................................... 10 3.4 直流串励电机的特性拟合 ............................................................... 12 3.4.1 转矩拟合 .................................................................................... 12 3.4.2 转速拟合 .................................................................................... 13 3.4.3 功率拟合 .................................................................................... 14 3.4.4 直流串励电机外特性曲线绘制 ................................................. 15 3.5 本章小结 .......................................................................................... 16 第4章 传动系传动比的选择 ..................................................................... 17
4.1 传动系的功用及要求 ....................................................................... 17
4.2 传动系速比的初选与分析 ............................................................... 17 4.2.1 传动系统传动比的初选 ............................................................. 17 4.2.2 传动系速比对整车性能影响分析 .............................................. 18 4.2.3 传动系统传动比的分配 ............................................................. 21 4.3 整车性能的确定 .............................................................................. 21 4.4 本章小结 .......................................................................................... 21
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哈尔滨工业大学本科毕业论文（设计）
第5章 传动系结构设计及校核 ................................................................. 22
5.1 变速箱结构方案的确定 ................................................................... 22 5.2 齿轮的设计与校核 ........................................................................... 24 5.2.1 圆柱斜齿轮传动的设计计算 ..................................................... 24 5.2.2 圆锥齿轮传动的设计计算 ......................................................... 28 5.2.3 数据整理 .................................................................................... 31 5.3 润滑方案的确定 .............................................................................. 31 5.3.1 润滑剂的作用及立式驱动桥的润滑特点 .................................. 31 5.3.2 立式驱动桥的润滑剂的选用 ..................................................... 32 5.4 本章小结 .......................................................................................... 33 结 论 ........................................................................................................... 34 致 谢 ........................................................................................................... 35 参考文献 ...................................................................................................... 36 附 录 ........................................................................................................... 37
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