发布时间 : 星期五 文章译林牛津版高二英语必修五unit1-知识点及语法总结更新完毕开始阅读7d94485459fb770bf78a6529647d27284a73371a
caution. N 小心
5. eager. adj 急切的
be eager to do =be dying for = long for= look forward to eagerness. N
6. respond.vi 回应，回复 respond to 回复 reply to 回应 react to 回应 response.n 回复
in response to sth 对…做出回复 7. mercy. n 仁慈
at the mercy of 在…的支配下
8. committed. adj 尽心尽力的
be committed to doing sth= be devoted to doing=be absorbed in doing=concentrate on doing=be bent on doing=be occupied in doing 投入做某事 commit. Vt 致力于
commit to doing sth 致力于做某事 commit to sth 致力于某事 commit suicide 自杀 commit crime犯罪
9. regardless. Adv不管，不顾
regardless of = in despite of= despite +名词或名词性从句，意为“ 尽管” regard. Vt 看做
regard…as = think of … as= look on… as= consider…as II.
重点词组
1. get through 接通电话；渡过 get on/along with 与…相处 get over 克服 get across 使…明白 2. be anchored in 根植于 3. be based on 以…为基础 sb base…on… 某人把…基于…之上 on the basis of 在…的基础上 4. regardless of 不管不顾 5. end up 结果
end up+形容词/ done/ doing/ 介词短语，表结果是…… end in 结果是 in the end 最后 6. rely on 依赖 depend on 依赖 依靠 7. thanks to 幸亏
but for = thanks to +名词
表示与事实相反时，主句用虚拟语态，例如：
Thanks to your help, we would not have finished the task. 8. get along with 与…相处 get along with sb 与某人相处 get along with sth 某事进展
9. have different attitudes towards 对…有不同的看法 10. be cautious about 对…小心谨慎 11. be eager to 急切盼望…. 12. on the way to sp 在去…的路上 on the way to doing 即将…. in this way 如此一来 in the way 挡道，碍事
13. have a quarrel with 与某人争吵 quarrel with sb与某人争吵 14. make an apology 道歉 apologize to sb道歉 15. in conclusion 总结 in a word总之 in short 简言之 in all 总共 in brief 简言之 16. look back on 回顾 look through 看穿；浏览 look down upon 小看，瞧不起 look up to 敬仰 look into 调查
III. 重点句式
1. They are still sitting on the sofa, continuing the same conversation on the same topic. continuing the same conversation on the same topic,在句中作伴随状语，主句主语they与continue是主谓关系，故用doing非谓语形式。
2. When asked, they usually hesitate before responding.
此句完整形式为 When they were asked, they usually hesitate before they respond. 属于状语从句的省略，当状从的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语可省略，从句的谓语动词变为非谓语动词形式。
3. We have to realize: boys share activities, while girls share feelings. 1） while 意为“然而”，并列连词表对比转折。
2） while还可意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句=though, 例如： while the weather is terrible, they still arrived here on time
4. The qualities that boys and girls consider important in a friend seem to be the same,
regardless of the basis of these friendship.
1） that boys and girls consider important in a friend 是定语从句，先行词是qualities;
2） seem to do 表示“似乎，好像”，属于to do 非谓语形式，其形式还有：seem to be
doing( 表进行时态)/ seem to have done(表示过去已完成) 3） regardless of 表示尽管，做让步状语。
5. I end up returning to the train station and spending the rest of the day in the waiting
room. end up+形容词/ done/ doing/ 介词短语，表结果是……,例如： 1） He ends up successful after years of efforts.
2） He ends up in prison because he was charged with robbery. 3） He ends up finishing the task ahead of time. 4） His efforts end up paid off.
6. Friendship means being committed to others.
1) mean. vt.意谓, 想要, 预定 vi.用意, 有意义
mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot. He means this house for his daughter. 习惯用语：
be meant to do照道理，照规矩；应该，必须；得要； He was meant for /to be a doctor. mean sb. for准备让某人干某工作
mean much to sb. 对某人很重要; 对某人很可贵 mean a great deal
mean. adj.低劣的, 卑鄙的, 普通的, 吝啬的, 简陋的,不舒服的 Peter's father was very mean; he never gave Peter any new clothes. 2) be committed to sb 表示对某人很投入，真诚 7. The best way to have a friend is to be a friend.
to have a friend系to do 非谓语形式做后置定语；to be a friend 是to do 非谓语形式做表语。 Grammar: to do/ doing
语法知识 :非谓语动词 一、动词不定式 The Infinitive Form of Verbs
动词不定式是非谓语动词形式之一，它不能充当谓语，但具有谓语动词的主要特征，即时态和语态的变化；可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成不定式短语。 1. 不定式的形式 肯定式 否定式 进行体 完成体 被动式 完成被动式 to do sth. not to do sth. to be doing sth. to have done sth. to be done to have been done He’d like to play basketball this afternoon. No one likes to be looked down upon. He pretended to be reading when the teacher came in. He seemed to have known the result. He certainly deserves to be sent to prison. He seems to have been elected a model worker. 2．不定式的用法 不定式可以用来做主语、表语、定语、状语、宾语、独立成分，表示比较具体的意义。 （1）做主语
① 动词不定式短语
To master a foreign language is no easy job. To see this film is to waste time. To solve this problem is out of the question
② 为平衡整个句子，避免头重脚轻，常用it做形式主语，而将真正主语不定式放后面，用于这种形式是一些特定的结构。例如：
1）谓语部分是系表结构，表语是某些形容词或名词。例如： It is foolish to act in this way. It sounds reasonable to do it this way. It appears likely for them to arrive. It is a good idea to think this way.
2）某些动词做谓语时。例如： It took much time to do this. It makes us excited to think about that. It needs hard work to finish the job. It does no good to say like that.
(2) 做表语
表示打算、计划、命令和要求，有时可见用appear, seem, happen等做系动词，常做主语的名词有：wish, aim, duty, hope, idea, mistakes, plan, purpose, suggestion.等抽象名词，也可以是what引导的主语从句。例如：
Such questions are to be avoided. What he said proved to be true. He seems to be ill.
(3) 做定语
做定语时不定式一般紧跟其所修饰名词或代词后面。例如： He kept on saying really mean thing to hurt me. He was the first one to come this morning. He didn’t have the chance to go to school in the past.
如果不定式是不及物动词时，应注意其相应介词的搭配。例如： He has nothing to worry about.
She is a very nice person to work with.
There was only a small cold room to live in at that time.
(4) 作状语
不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因和结果。
① 表目的常用in order to, so as to, so+形容词/副词+as to，such+名词+as to等结构但so as to只能放在主句之后。
Check your homework so as to avoid mistakes.
She goes home (in order) to see her grandmother every week.
② 表结果常用only to do, enough to do, too…to do等句型，不定式短语作结果状语具有“意料之外”之意。
He is too excited to speak anything.
I hurried to his house, only to find him out. ③原因
She seemed surprised to see us.
He is sorry for what he did to think of his past.
④不定式作条件状语时谓语动词通常含有will, shall, should, would, can, must等。