发布时间 : 星期四 文章口译——2011年温家宝答记者问中英对照重点分析版更新完毕开始阅读821ffba828ea81c759f5781d
the mayors will be responsible for the supply of vegetables. And in terms of bringing down surging housing prices, it is the local governments that will assume the general responsibility.
你关心人民币升值问题，我可以告诉你，我们将继续坚持人民币汇率形成机制的改革不动摇。如果从1994年算起，我们大的人民币汇率改革已经进行了3次。那么现在同1994年相比，人民币的有效汇率升值57.9%。我们这次改革主要是改变单一的盯住美元，而实行根据市场需求，参照一揽子货币，实行有管理的浮动汇率制度。我们将根据市场需求的变化来进一步加大人民币浮动的弹性。但同时我们也必须考虑这种升值还是渐进的，因为它关系到企业的承受能力和就业，我们要保持整个社会的稳定。
You have a keen interest of in the appreciation of Chinese RMB. I would like to say that we will continue to pursue our reform of the Chinese RMB exchange rate regime. Actually we have taken three major steps in pushing forward this reform since 1994. And since 1994, the real effective exchange rate of the Chinese Yuan has appreciated by 57.9% against the dollar. Our practice has been to de-peg the Chinese yuan from the US dollar and we pursue a managed and floating exchange rate, RMB exchange rate regime the on the basis of market supply and demand and with reference to a basket of currencies. We will continue to make the RMB exchange rate more flexible in line with the changes in market supply and demand. At the same time, the appreciation of the Chinese currency should be a gradual process because we must bear in mind its impact on the Chinese businesses and our employment situation. We must ensure overall social stability in this process. Thank you!
中央人民广播电台、中国广播网记者:
总理，您好。刚才那位外国同行也提到中国的房价，您也阐述了我们调控房价的三方面政策措施。其实从去年开始，国务院就出台了不少关于调控房地产的政策措施，被称为历史上“最严厉的房地产调控”。今年您在政府工作报告当中也重申，要坚定不移地搞好房地产调控。现在社会上有担心，就是这些政策措施能不能落实到位？会不会半途而废？请问总理，您怎么看待这个问题？谢谢。
I’m with China National Radio and its affiliated website. Just now, my foreign colleague mentioned the issue of rising housing prices and you also said that the government has taken measures to control rising housing prices in three aspects. We have actually seen that since last year the State Council has introduced a succession of measures to bring down the housing prices and some view these measures as the harshest ever. You said in the Government Work Report that the government will resolutely regulate the real-estate market. My question is that, will these measures be fully implemented or will the government give up half-way in their implementation?
温家宝:
关于房价的调控，我觉得当前最重要的是各项政策措施的落实。对于中央来讲，就是要加强对地方落实房价调控政策的检查力度，真正实行问责制。同时，密切跟踪和分析房地产市场
发展的形势，进一步研究有针对性的宏观调控措施。对地方来讲，就是要认真落实房地产调控的责任。比如，首先要公布政府调控房地产的政策和房价控制目标。在这里，我想特别提出，我们三管齐下，其实还有一项非常重要的措施，那就是加快保障性住房建设。也就是说从供求上解决房地产市场存在的问题。对于保障性住房建设，人民群众当中有许多担心，他们总的是赞成的，但也有许多忧虑。我们提出，今年再建保障性住房1000万套，明年再建1000万套，也就是在今后五年能够建设3600万套。保障性住房除了棚户区改造以外，主要用于公租房和廉租房，这个方向必须明确。这里就有一个资金落实的问题，中央今年将向地方补助1030亿元，地方财政也相应加大投入，但还必须更广泛地利用社会资金。对于保障性住房，土地必须单列，做到应保尽保。有一件事情非常重要，现在就应该提到日程上来，那就是保障性住房的设计、建设必须有高标准、高要求，也就是说要确保质量、安全和环保。特别是在环保上，从设计到建设整个过程，都要实行节能。这是中国房地产建设的一大机会，如果丢掉了，十分可惜。我在这里想强调一点，就是对于保障性住房建设以后，管理和退出机制现在就要着手制定规则，这样我们就实行了一个完整的从建设到管理，到退出这样一个完整机制。使保障性住房质量和效益得到保证，使将来它的管理也得到保证。
We had set out our measures to control rising housing prices. What’s essential now is to ensure the full implementation of relevant policies and measures. In this respect, the central government will step up its inspection of the work on the part of local governments; we must exercise strict accountability system. At the same time, we will follow very closely and analyze the new developments in the real estate market and study focused and targeted macro-control measures in this field. The local governments must conscientiously perform their relevant responsibilities in this respect. For example, they must release their detailed rules with respect the implementation of the central government’s policies and announce their respective targets about bringing down housing prices. Actually, in regulating the real estate market, we have also adopted a very important measure, that is, we will further increase the supply of government subsidized housing units. This means that we will try to address problems in the housing market by relying on increasing supply. With respect to the government’s subsidized housing, I am aware of some concerns among the people. I would like to say that we have set the target of building 10 million such housing units this year and another 10 million next year. In total in the next five years, we plan to build 36 million government subsidized housing units. The mainly comprise public rental housing and low rent housing. It is essential that we ensure sufficient founding for the construction of those houses. As far as the founding is concerned, the central government will transfer a total of 103 billion RMB yuan to local governments in taking responsibilities of building such housing. The local governments will also increase their fiscal input but at the same time it is essential that we generate greater nongovernmental capital into this field. It is also important that we designate specific sites for the construction of government subsidized housing and ensure that such designated sites will be used only for this purpose. It is also important that we ensure the design and construction of those houses will meet high quality, standards and these lowing housings will be safe, environment-friendly and energy-efficient. I believe this presents us a great opportunity in developing the healthy housing market in China and we must not miss out on this opportunity. With respect to construction of these low income housings, we must at present formulate the management and return mechanisms so that we can put in place a complete system governing the
construction, management and return of these houses and ensure the good quality and efficiency.
谢谢。
Thank You!
韩国文化广播公司记者:
总理阁下您好。我们非常关心“十二五”规划中关于推动文化大发展、大繁荣的内容。中国是人类文明的发祥地之一，具有悠久的历史和文化传统。请问中国将如何发挥这种优势来提升国家的软实力？在文化领域有什么具体政策和发展方向？谢谢。
I’m with MBC of the Republic of Korea. We have paid close attention to China’s 12th Five-year Plan. In particular it says that it will promote the vigorous cultural development and prosperity in China. China is one of the first places of human civilization, and China has a time-honored history and cultural tradition. My question is what will China do to give full play to its cultural advantage and boost the country’s soft power? What will be the specific measures taken in this filed?
温家宝:
一个国家的实力不仅表现在经济上，而且表现在国民素质、文化发展和道德情操上。我们国家有着5000年的文化传统，在世界上历经劫波，而现在还保存完整传承下来，中国是一个典范。文化传统是一个国家的灵魂，文化传统更具有感召力和凝聚力，我们一定要充分发扬祖国的文化传统。同时我们也懂得，要学习和借鉴世界先进的文明。只有这样，才能使祖国的文化得到进一步发展，也就是我常说的，只有开放包容，才能使祖国强大。在“十二五”和今后相当长的时间内，我们也都要把文化的改革和发展放在重要的位置。加强文化建设，改革文化体制，建设一支高素质的文化队伍，积极开展群众性的文化活动，使中国文化有一个大发展和大繁荣。我们还要善于把文化传统与时代精神结合起来，把发扬我们国家的文化传统与吸收借鉴外国的先进文明结合起来，使祖国的文化再展辉煌。谢谢你。
I believe a country should not only be economically strong but also and more importantly be culturally strong and this is reflected in the educational level of its population, its cultural development and moral and ethical standards. China has a 5,000-year cultural heritage. Chinese civilization is one of the few in the world that have stayed unescaped from many trails and tribulations and continued uninterrupted in its development. Culture is the soul of a nation and cultural tradition is a strong source of inspiration and cohesiveness. We must bring into full play the strength of China’s cultural heritage and at the same time learn from and draw upon the fine achievements of other civilizations. Only in this way will the Chinese culture enjoy greater development. As I have often said, only an open and inclusive country can be strong. We will further reform and develop our cultural programs during the 12th Five-year Plan period and for even longer time to come. We will pursue institutional reform and further promote the people oriented cultural programs, so that we can enjoy greater development and prosperity in the
Chinese culture. We will integrate our cultural heritage with the spirit of the times and we will also combine our efforts to carry forward the Chinese cultural heritage with our efforts to draw upon the culture of other countries so that the Chinese culture will continue to brim with vigor and vitality. Thank you!
台湾无线卫星电视台记者:
“十二五”规划已经正式通过，而两岸经济合作会议日前在台湾举行了首次会议。请问温总理，“十二五”规划和两岸签署的ECFA怎么促进两岸的经贸合作？另外，有部分台湾民众担心在大陆的经济转型之后可能对于在大陆的台资企业造成很严重的冲击，出现经济困难，请问总理如何看待这个问题？谢谢。 I’m with TVBS of Taiwan. The 12th Five-year Plan Outline has been adopted and the first session on economic cooperation between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits has been convened in Taiwan not long ago. I would like to ask: how will the 12th five-year plan and ECFA between the two sides of Taiwan straits boost the business cooperation of the two sides? Moreover, there is a concern among some Taiwan people that with the transformation of economic development pattern on the mainland, maybe some Taiwan business on the mainland will face greater difficulties. What is your view?
温家宝:
请台湾记者向台湾同胞问好。大陆与台湾的ECFA协议今年1月1号生效，首先是早期收获。在今年2月份，两岸有关方面进行了一次评估，总的认为开局良好，进展顺利，效果初显。今年1月份，两岸贸易额增长了30%。你可能知道，去年大陆与台湾的贸易额超过1400亿美元，台湾的顺差达到860亿美元。你方才担心大陆经济转型会使台湾企业边缘化，我想对你讲，大陆已经成为台商投资的一个重要目的地。现在台资企业在大陆的已经有8万多家，直接投资超过500亿美元。如果算上异地投资，就是经过维尔京群岛这些岛屿，整个投资超过900亿美元。台商投资已经占到大陆吸引外资的9%。我想要消除这样一个顾虑，就是我们在推进科学发展，转变发展方式，只能为台资企业创造良好的投资环境和更有利的商机。我们将对台资企业继续实行国民待遇。台资企业在内地的发展不仅不会被边缘化，而且我预计会有更大的发展趋势。谢谢你。我还想说一句，在ECFA实行的过程中，我们会遇到一些问题，而且我们还将本着循序渐进的方式进一步推进ECFA的后续谈判。在整个谈判过程中，你都可以感觉到大陆的诚意和对台湾商界和人民利益的关心。我们是同胞，骨肉之亲，析而不殊。
First, I would like to ask you to convey my greetings to compatriots in Taiwan. The ECFA between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits has entered into force from January the first this year starting with the early harvest. In February the relevant parties of the two sides conducted a review with respect to the implementation of the early harvest and they share the view that early harvest has got off a good start, made smooth progress and produce initial results. Cross-strait trade