发布时间 : 星期三 文章中考语法专项十：动词的时态更新完毕开始阅读840975ede009581b6bd9eb50
C. How long , came D. How far, arrived
( )18. His uncle________ for more than 9 years.
A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university
三、 填入has / have been（去了且回来了） 或has / have gone.（去了但没回来） 1.Harry：I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night.
Diana：No,it wasn't me.I never there. 2. Sam：Sally and Tim are on holiday, aren't they? Where they ? Sue：To Florida, again.
Sam：How many times they there? Sue：This is their third visit.
3. Alan：Where's Tony? Mary:He's got a headache ,so he to bed. 4. Steve：Can I speak to Jill, please?
Lynn：She's out,I'm afraid. She to the cinema this evening.
Steve：Again? She already to the cinema three times this week.
5 Where are the boy students ?They _____to the school factory.
6.Is your father in?No, he ____to Shenzhen._______ he ever______there before?Yes, he ___there several times
7. He asked me if I ____to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _____never ______ to that city before.
四、 用for（连接时间段） 或since（连接时间点及一般过去时的从句）填空
13
1. Jill has been in Ireland Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland three days. 3. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days.
4. Margaret is in her office.She has been there 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country 1974. 6. The bus is late.We've been waiting 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses.They have been empty many years.
8. Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital ____ __ October 9.We have learned five lessons ____________he beginning of this term. 10.Mrs Liao has been in hospital __________last week. 11.I have stayed at my aunt’s _________two weeks. 五、用 already（肯定句）或 yet（否定句&疑问句） 1) Have they taken down the old pictures __________? No, not ___________.
2) Most of us have finished our compositions ____________ 3) He said he hadn’t visited the exhibition ____________.
5.过去完成时
1） 概念：表示过去的过去
----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前 那时 现在 2） 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如：
She said （that）she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。 b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。例如： When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。
填空
1 When I returned home, he ___________ (leave).
14
2 By ten yesterday evening, she ______________(finish)writing. 3 He ____________ (study) English for five years before he came here. 4 It __________ ___________ (stop) raining when I woke up this morning. 5 I ___________ (not read) the book because I had read it before. 6 She asked if Mr. Liu ___________ already ___________(come) back.
7 When he ___________(come) to China two years ago he found people didn't understand him at all though he ______________(learn) some Chinese in his own country. 8 I saw Han Mei yesterday. We ___________(not see) each other since she left Beijing. 9 When I got to his home, he___________(go) to bed.
c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示\原本?，未能?\
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。 3） 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如： He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 汤姆失望了，因为他到达晚会时，大部分客人已经走了。 注意. 用一般过去时代替过去完成时
1） 两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。例如： When she saw the mouse，she screamed. 她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它丢了。
2 ） 两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。例如： When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3） 叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。例如： Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
填空
1 When I returned home, he ___________ (leave).
2 By ten yesterday evening, she ______________(finish)writing. 3 He ____________ (study) English for five years before he came here. 4 It __________ ___________ (stop) raining when I woke up this morning.
15
5 I ___________ (not read) the book because I had read it before. 6 She asked if Mr. Liu ___________ already ___________(come) back.
7 When he ___________(come) to China two years ago he found people didn't understand him at all though he ______________(learn) some Chinese in his own country. 8 I saw Han Mei yesterday. We ___________(not see) each other since she left Beijing. 9 When I got to his home, he___________(go) to bed. 语法----现在完成时和过去完成时的区别 1.从结构上区别
现在完成时：主语 + have / has + 过去分词 （肯定式） 主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词 （否定式） Have / Has + 主语 + 过去分词 （疑问式）
过去完成时：主语 + had + 过去分词 （肯定式） 主语 +had + not + 过去分词 （否定式） Had + 主语 + 过去分词 （疑问式）
2.从时间状语区别
现在完成时: 常用的时间状语包括 “now, today, tonight, this week, this year, already, yet, just, recently?etc”。
过去完成时: 常用的时间状语包括 “by, at, before等构成的短语”。
注意：当表示一段时间，现在完成时和过去完成时都可以用for 或since引导的状语。 例如：Have you had your lunch yet? 你吃午饭了吗？ Yes, I have . I’ve just had it. 是的，我刚吃完。 I have had a clock now. 我现在有一个闹钟了。
16