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八年级英语下册第五单元练习题及答案

一、单项选择

( C ) 1. Do you know if _____ back next week? If he _____ back, please let me know. A. he comes, will come B. will he come, comes

C. he will come, comes D. will he come, will come

第一个if表示是否,引导宾语从句,可以用whether替代 时间点是next week 所以是将来时态

第二个if表示如果,引导的是条件状语从句,从句谓语要用一般现在时来表示将来,he是第三人称,选comes。

( D ) 2. Don’t shout ______ the party. If you do, you’ll ______ leave.

A. at, must B. of, have to C. in, must D. at, have to

shout at sb / sth 有骂人的意思,就是不礼貌的 shout to sb / sth只是大声对谁说、喊什么,没有感情色彩的 shout sth。 at / to sb。 Shout at sb。to do sth。大声说,叫,嚷,斥责,怒骂 shout out 呼叫喊叫 shout sth。 out shout out sth。 大声说出 shout sb。 down shout down sb。 用喊叫声盖过某人的讲话

must 表主观的必需,也就是说主语有这方面的需要 have to 表客观必需,也就是说迫于外部的压力。

( B ) 3. Don’t _____ jeans to the party.

A. put on B. wear C. wearing (adj.) D. dress

don?t后接动词原形

put on: 穿(衣服,袜子...)。强调穿的这一“动作”,一般不用于状态:

i.e. put on a coat;穿外套 put socks on.穿袜子 wear: 穿着,戴着。一般用于穿戴这一“状态”

i.e. He was wearing a jacket. 他穿着一件夹克

dress: 为(使)...穿上衣服,用作被动语态时可以作状态。 dress oneself 或 get dressed表示给自己穿衣服。 i.e. He was dressed in a blue coat. 他穿着一件蓝色外套。

be dressed in: “穿着”,表示状态。

i.e. She is dressed in a fur coat. 她穿着毛皮大衣。

dress up的意思是“盛装打扮、乔装打扮”。

i.e. I’d like you to dress up for my birthday party tonight. 今晚我希望你为我的生日派对打扮打扮。 in:介词,后接表示衣服或颜色的词,着重于服装的款式或颜色。它所构成的短语只能作表语或定语。

i.e. This is a picture of a young man in a black coat. 这是一张穿着黑色外套的年轻人的照片。 这里in a black coat是young man的定语。

pull on:“穿上”,带有“匆忙”的意思:

i.e. It’s the weekend. I know you’re free. So pull on your jeans and come out with me.

现在是周末,我知道你有空。所以穿上你的牛仔裤,和我一起出去吧。

have on: “穿着,戴着”

i.e. I’ll have on black pants and a gray shirt tomorrow.

明天我会穿一条黑色的长裤和一件灰色的衬衫。

( C ) 4. Don’t throw rubbish (U) everywhere. You should ______.

A. take them away B. take it off C. take it away D. take away it

take as 看作,认为

take off 起飞;脱下;动身;匆匆离开 take on 承担;呈现;同…较量;开始雇用 take over 接受;接管;借用;接办 take down 记下;拆卸;记下来;取下 take place 发生;进行;举行;产生

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take a break 休息一会儿 take a look 看一下

take away 带走,拿走,取走 take care of 照顾;注意;抚养

take back 承认说错了(话),收回(诺言,话语) take in 接待(某人)留宿

take out 带(某人)去(某处参加社交活动等) take to (尤指立刻)对……产生好感,喜欢上

take up 开始花时间从事(某项活动);对……产生兴趣; 开始学习(某课程),选修

( C ) 5. Let’s have it today, ______?

A. shall I B. will you C. shall we D. do you

反义疑问句 (The Disjunctive Question) 即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 反义疑

问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。

附加疑问句陈述部分用降调,问句部分可升可降。提问者对陈述部分把握较大时,问句部分用降调;反之用升调。 前肯后否,前否后肯,前be后be,前无be后助,时态一致。

附加疑问句中主语用和主句一致的主语,用主格。 附加疑问句随从句。

不定代词: 当陈述部分的主语

( 1 ) 用one时,后面的疑问句可用one / he.

( 2 ) everything, anything, nothing, something时, 附加疑问句中主语用it 不用 they

( 3 ) this, that, 或those, these时,附加疑问句中主语用it或they.

( 4 ) everyone,everybody,someone,somebody,anyone,nobody等,附加疑问句中主语一般用he(书面语)/they(口头语).

( 5 ) 不定式,动名词,其他短语,附加疑问句中主语一般用it。

( 6 ) 在there be句型中,附加疑问句中主语一般用be/情态动词/助动词+there。

否定意义的词

( 1 ) 当陈述部分有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing,none, rarely 等否定意义的词汇时,后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式:

There are few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he?

They seldom come late, do they?

( 2 ) 当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy, dislike, unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词,也就是有un, dis, no-前缀、less-后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词,当做肯定句处理,疑问部分要用否定形式。如:

He looks unhappy , doesn't he ? 他看上去不高兴,不是吗?

The girl dislikes history, doesn't she ? 这女孩不喜欢历史,不是吗? ( 3 ) 有less, fewer等词视为肯定词,疑问部分用否定形式。如:

There will be less pollution, won't there?

表示主语主观意愿的词: 含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时,视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。

( 1 ) 当主句的主语为第一人称时,其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。 I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he?

We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?

当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时,其仍属否定句,故其后的简短问句应用肯定式,而非否定

式。

I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he? We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they?

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此类句子的回答同\前否后肯\型反意疑问句一样,如上述后一个句子,若双胞胎已经到了,则回答为\es, they

have.\;若尚未到达,使用\。

( 2 ) 当主句的主语为第二、三人称时,其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致(此时,否定只看主句,与从句无关)。

Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?

You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you? They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?

She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?

( 3 ) 但如果主句的时态是过去时等等,疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。

had better或have

陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成时态时,疑问句用hadn’t等开头:

You’d better get up early, hadn’t you? 有have时, 疑问句用don't等开头 have表示“有”的时候,有两种形式:(have 表示有 可用do或 have来改写) He has two sisters, doesn't he? =He has two sisters, hasn't he? He doesn't have any sisters, does he ?

祈使句: 当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达,分三种情况:

1)一般情况下用will you 或 won't you。

Give me a hand, will you?

Leave all the things as they are, won't you?

2) 以Let's开头的祈使句,前肯后可肯可否,疑问句必须用shall we;只有以Let us(听话人不被包括在“us”里面)或Let me开头的祈使句,问句才用will you。

Let us know the time of your arrival , will you? Let’s try again, shall we?

Let me help you, will you?

Let’s have a look on your book,shall we?

3) 当陈述句是否定的祈使句时,问句可用will you 或 can you 。 Don't make much noise, will /can you?

There be句型: There be 句型中,反义疑问部分必须为be 动词 + there

There are some apples in the basket, aren't there?

There isn't any milk left, is there?

Must: 当陈述部分有情态动词must,问句有4种情况:

(1)mustn't表示“禁止,不可,不必”时,附加问句通常要用must. You mustn't stop your car here, must you? 你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗?

(2)must表示“有必要”时,附加问句通常要用needn't.

They must finish the work today, needn't they? 他们今天要完成这项工作,是吗?

(3)当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时,问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。 He must be good at English, isn't he? 他英语一定学得很好,是吗?

(4)当must + have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。

She must have read the novel last week, didn't she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说,是吗? You must have told her about it, haven't you? 你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗?

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非反义疑问句: 非反义疑问句的陈述部分和疑问部分要么同是肯定的,要么同是否定的。这类反义疑问句有时带有

感情色彩,表示惊奇,愤怒,讽刺,不服气等。

You call this a day's work,do you?你说这就叫一天的活儿,是吗?

回答反义疑问句的原则: 回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定

You are asleep, aren’t you? No, I’m not. 因为既然你能回答,肯定你还没有asleep。

You aren’t asleep, are you? (你还没有睡着,对吗) 你也只能回答No, I’m not. (是的,还没有睡着)

“It is a beautiful flower,isn't it?” “It isn't a beautiful flower,is it?” 上述两句句子的回答肯定均为“Yes,it is.\否定为“No,it isn't.\

反义疑问句回答与句子本身所包含的中文肯定与否的含义并无太大关联,只需注意事实,肯定即用yes,否

定用no,无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯或是前肯后否。

否定反义疑问句的回答: 当陈述部分为肯定式,反义疑问句为否定式时,其回答一般不会造成困难,一般只需照情

况回答即可:

\是新的,对吗?”“对,是新的。”

\他想去,对吗?”“不,他不想去。” \即是,对前面\的肯定。

建议在答题时,先按照实际写后面的答句,再根据前后一致原则写Yes或No。

口诀: 反意疑问并不难,陈述疑问句中含。

前后肯否恰相反,否定词缀不能算。 主谓时态要一致,特殊情况记心田。 实际情况来回答,再把yes和no拣。 陈述部分的谓语 I no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词 含有un-,in-.dis-, im-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语 时,视为肯定含义 ought to(肯定的) have to+v.(had to+v.) used to+v. had better + v. would rather + v. you'd like to + v. must 感叹句 指示代词或不定代词 everything, that, nothing, this 并列复合句 定语从句,宾语从句 主从复合句 think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引

疑问部分 aren't I/are I 肯定含义 否定含义 shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语 don't +主语(didn't +主语) didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语 hadn't you wouldn't +主语 wouldn't +主语 根据实际情况而定 be +主语 主语用it 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 根据主句的谓语而定 与宾语从句相对应的从句 4

导 everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one 复数they, 单数he 情态动词dare或need need/needn't (dare/daren't ) +主语 dare, need 为实义动词 do/don't +主语 省去主语的祈使句 will/won't you? Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you? there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词) 否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式

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