发布时间 : 星期三 文章英语名词，代词，冠词，形容词，副词学案更新完毕开始阅读8be0994e33d4b14e84246801
名词，代词，冠词，形容词，副词复习课
名词
1.分类：
?专有名词：名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期（节日、星期、月份）
例句：My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese. I will go to the Great Wall on Monday. ?普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词
（身兼二职的词，如glass, paper, exercise, experience, people，danger等）
【注意】
(1)family, class等词作为一个整体时视为单数，强调其内部成员时视为复数（根据句子或文章的意思判断）； (2)部分有生命的集体名词本身就是复数的概念：
如，police指警察、警官的总称，本身表示复数，谓语动词用复数。
2.名词单复数形式：
?规则变化：名词的复数构成，通常是在单数形式后面加-s或-es 一般情况在词尾直接加s , 例 students。
以s、x、sh、ch结尾的词加-es，例bus-buses box-boxes。
以―辅音字母+y‖结尾的词，把y变成i再加es 例 city-cities；以―元音字母+y‖结尾的词，直接加s。 以o结尾的除potato(马铃薯)、tomato(西红柿)、hero(英雄)加es，其余直接加s。 以f或fe结尾的词，多数变f或fe为v加es, roof、proof直接加-s， 例 life-lives；wife-wives；roof –roofs。
(2)不规则变化
1、单词拼写发生变化
如，man-men woman-women； policeman-policemen； child-children 2、某国人变复数，口诀：
中日不变英美变，其余s加后面 例：
an Englishman-Englishmen； an American-Americans （3）单复数形式相同
（4）不可数名词一般只用单数，它不能与a/an及数次搭配使用。表示数量时用量词搭配。 例：a cup of coffee(一杯咖啡) two glasses of milk(两杯牛奶) three pieces of paper(三张纸) four bottles of water(四杯水) （5）有些外来词的不规则复数形式：
e.g: analysis-analyses； basis-bases； thesis-theses；crisis-crises； criterion-criteriaphenomenon-phenomena； medium-media
3.名词所有格：
?含义：名词与名词的所属关系（含有―的‖字的意思） 如，学校的学生，中国的运动员
?形式：一种是’s所有格，一种是of所有格
Beijing is China’s capital.= Beijing is the capital of China. This is Tom’s idea = This is the idea of Tom.
1）’s所有格 (多用于某人的什么东西) -在名词词尾加’s
如 Lucy’s pen；Children’ s Day（儿童节）； -最后一个字母为s的名词，只加 ’ 如the students’ books； Lucas’ present
几个人共有的东西，只需在最后一个人的名词后加’s, 如 Lucy and Lily’s bedroom(露西和莉莉一起住的卧室)。 表示各自所有，则每个名词都加’s,
如 Lucy’s and Lily’s bedrooms(露西的卧室和莉莉的卧室)。 2）of 所有格 (多用于某物的什么东西) 如，the map of China the door of the room -双重所有格：
He is a friend of my brother’s. Is she a daughter of yours?
； 练习：
The whole class ___ greatly moved at his words.
A. is B. had C. were D. was The glasses ______mine. That pair of glasses _____ my brother’s. A. are; is B. are; are C. is; are D. is; is
3. Many a student ______ something about Abraham Lincoln.
A. have known B. knows C. is known D. are known4. Half of the visitors _____ from Europe. Half of the fruit _____ bad.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are 5. Each of the footballers ___ over 150 pounds.
A. weigh B. weighs C. weights D. were weighing
6. More than 60 percent of world's radio programs _______ in English. A. is B. was C. are D. be
7. Stories of the Long March _______ popular with the young people now. A. is B. was C. are D. were
8. There __ a lot of rubbish on the floor so I asked Mary to sweep __ up. A. were; it B. are; them C. was; it D. is; them
9. Mayor as well as volunteer workers _______ the newly-built stadium.A. is cleaning B. are cleaning C. were cleaning D. have cleaned
10. Not only my brother but also I _____ good at painting. Both of us _____good painters. A. are...are B. am...are C. is...is D. are...is
11. Either you or the president _______ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting. A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out 12. The singer and pianist _____ asked to make a speech at the meeting yesterday. A. is B. was C. are D. were
13. The wounded ___ good care of here now.
A. is taking B. are taking C. are being taken D. is taken14.One sixth of our classmates ____ from peasant families. One fifth of her time ____ devoted to writing.
A. comes; is B. come; are C. come; is D.comes; are
15. The Olympic Games in the year 2008 _____ in Beijing of China, which _____ known to us all A. is to hold; is B. is to be held; was C. are to hold; is D. are to be held; is
A woman with two children ____ coming up to us. Mary, along with her parents, ___ moved to Paris. A. is; has B. is; have C. are; have D. are; has
17. Nothing but several glasses ________ bought by my father the day before yesterday. A. was B. were C. have been D. would be 18. Many people say 10,000 _______ a lot of money. A. dollar is B. dollars are C. dollars is D. dollar are
19. The number of the people who ___ cars ___ increasing. A. own….are B. own…is C. Owns is D. owns…are
20. He is one of the boys who _____ never late for school. He is the only one of the boys who _____ never late for school.
A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is D. is; is
代词
代词可以分为下列九类： 一 人称代词
例如：Who is knocking at the door? --- It’s me. 在使用人称代词时有下面几点值得注意：
1) she可以用来代表国家，船只，大地，月亮等。 e.g. I think England will do what she promised to do.
2) 在并列的主语中，I总放在最后。e.g. Mary and I will be in charge of the case. 3) 第三人称，男女两性并用时，男先女后。He and she still don’t agree to the plan.
二 物主代词
英语中主要有下列这些物主代词： 类词义 型 我的 你的 my your 他（她，它）我们的 的 His, her, its our 你们的 your 他们的 their 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 mine yours His, its hers, ours yours theirs
Whose dictionary is this? ----it’s . （我的）
2) Let’s clean （他们的）room first and （我们的）later. 3）That car of is always breaking down.= Her car is....（她的）
三 反身代词
...self译作―本人‖或―亲自‖
我自己：myself 我们自己：ourselves你自己：yourself 你们自己：yourselves 他自己：himself 她自己：herself 它自己：itself他们自己: themselves 1．这些词可用来：
1) 作宾语I can’t express myself in English. 2) 作表语I am not quite myself these days.
3) 作主语或宾语的同位语The theory itself is all right.
4) 作同位语时They must make investigation themselves.他们必须亲自作调查。 2．自身代词常和某些动词连用 enjoy oneself, behave oneself使自己举止良好, help yourself to sth. 请吃点... come to oneself苏醒 3．常与某些介词连用
?by oneself 一个人做...（不要别人帮助）
e.g. They made the machine all by themselves. 这机器完全是他们自己制造的。
?For oneself替自己，自己 e.g. He has a right to decide for himself. 他有权自己决定。 ?In oneself 本身 e.g. This is not a bad idea in itself. 这主意本身并不错。 ?To oneself供自己用 e.g. She had a room to herself.她自己住一间房。
四 相互代词