发布时间 : 星期三 文章直线电机驱动抽油机的设计毕业论文更新完毕开始阅读8f8ea74af7ec4afe04a1df55
西安石油大学本科毕业设计（论文）
直线电机驱动抽油机的设计
摘要：目前各油田的抽油设备多为常规游梁式抽油机，其存在的主要问题是能耗大、效率低。而近年来直线电机抽油机的的产生和发展，大大降低了采油的成本。直线电机抽油机采用直线电机驱动，舍弃了大部分变速传动环节，将传统的旋转驱动变为直线往复驱动，使直线电机抽油机具有更加完善的运动性能、动力性能和平衡性能。
直线电机驱动抽油机在我国乃至世界都属于新兴技术，研究设计这种抽油机有着特殊的意义。它取消了四连杆机构、带传动及减速箱，使主体结构更趋于简单。而且还有质量轻、占地面积小、调参方便、易于操作、系统效率高、运行平稳等优点。
本文首先阐述了直线电机抽油机的工作原理、结构特点及优越性，论述了国内外的发展现状及所存在的问题，然后完成了直线电机抽油机的总体方案设计，进行了抽油机主要部件的设计。本装置是一种机电信息一体化的抽油设备，主要设计了天轮、机架、配重箱和直线电机以及其他辅助装置等。最后绘制了主要零部件的装配图和零件图。
关键词：直线电机；抽油机；天轮；结构设计
西安石油大学本科毕业设计（论文）
The design of a linear motor pumping unit
Abstract: At present the pumping units are used widely in oil fields, their main
problems are wasting energy, low efficiency. But in recent years the development of linear motor pumping unit greatly reduces the cost of oil. A linear motor pumping unit removes many shift gears structures, turn the traditional circumrotatory drive into linear reciprocation drive, which made the units have more perfect motion performance, dynamic performance and balance performance.
The pumping unit driven by a linear motor is a novel technology in china even in the world. It is very important to research and design the unit. It canceled four-bar linkage, belt drive and gear box , the main structure tends to be more simple. There are also some advantages such as light weight, small footprint, easy parameter adjustment, easy to be operated , highly effective and smooth running.
Firstly, the working principle ，structure, characteristic and the superiority of linear motor pumping is introduced , and the development of domestic and international situation and the problems are discussed. Then the overall structure and the main components of a linear motor pumping unit are presented. This device is an integrated mechanical and electrical pumping equipment information. The main components of the pumping unit, such as the sheave, rack, weight box and linear motors and other auxiliary devices are designed. Finally the main parts of the assembly drawing and parts drawing are completed.
Key wards: Linear Motor; Pumping Unit; Sheave；Structural Design
西安石油大学本科毕业设计（论文）
目 录
1 绪 论 ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 课题的意义 ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 直线电机驱动抽油机的发展现状 ....................................................................... 1
1.2.1 国内直线电机驱动抽油机发展现状 ......................................................... 1 1.2.2 国外直线电机驱动抽油机发展现状 ......................................................... 4 1.3 常规游梁式抽油机存在的主要问题 ................................................................... 6 1.4 直线电机的发展及应用 ....................................................................................... 7
1.4.1 直线电机的发展现状 ................................................................................. 7 1.4.2 直线电机的优势及在石油矿场中的应用 ................................................. 7 1.5 设计方法及步骤 .................................................................................................... 8
1.5.1 设计方法 ..................................................................................................... 8 1.5.2 主要设计步骤 ............................................................................................. 9
2 直线电机驱动抽油机的工作原理和结构特点 ........................................................... 10
2.1 直线电机驱动抽油机的工作原理 ..................................................................... 10 2.2 直线电机驱动抽油机的结构特点 ..................................................................... 10 3 直线电机驱动抽油机总体方案设计 .......................................................................... 12
3.1 总体方案描述 ....................................................................................................... 12 3.2 确定总体尺寸 ................................................................................................... 13 4 运动分析及编程图像 ................................................................................................. 14
4.1 直线电机抽油机悬点的运动分析 ..................................................................... 14
4.1.1 原理阐述 ................................................................................................... 14 4.1.2 悬点位移 ..................................................................................................... 15 4.1.3 悬点速度 ..................................................................................................... 16 4.1.4 悬点加速度 ................................................................................................. 17 4.2 VB编程图像部分 ............................................................................................. 18
4.2.1位移图像： .................................................................................................. 18 4.2.2速度图像： .................................................................................................. 18 4.2.3加速度图像： .............................................................................................. 19
5. 悬点载荷分析及平衡计算 ............................................................................................ 20
5.1 理论部分 ............................................................................................................... 20 5.2 分析计算 ............................................................................................................... 20
5.2.1悬点静载荷 .................................................................................................. 20
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西安石油大学本科毕业设计（论文）
5.2.2悬点动载荷 .................................................................................................. 21 5.2.3 载荷曲线编程图像 ..................................................................................... 22
6 直线电机的选取 .......................................................................................................... 23
6.1 直线电机的工作原理 ........................................................................................... 23 6.2 直线电机本体结构设计 ..................................................................................... 24 6.3 直线电机的选型 ................................................................................................. 25 6.4 抽油机的控制系统 ............................................................................................... 26 7 抽油机机械结构设计 ................................................................................................... 27
7.1 天轮设计 ............................................................................................................. 27
7.1.1 天轮的结构 ............................................................................................... 27 7.1.2 天轮的设计计算及校核 ........................................................................... 27 7.2 翻转轮设计 ......................................................................................................... 29 7.3 主机架和主板设计 ............................................................................................. 29 7.4 底座设计 ............................................................................................................. 30 7.5 钢丝绳的选择 ..................................................................................................... 31 7.6 配重与平衡 ......................................................................................................... 32 7.7 悬绳器的设计 ..................................................................................................... 33 7.8 安全系统设计 ..................................................................................................... 34
7.8.1 刹车系统 ..................................................................................................... 34
8 抽油机经济性分析 ....................................................................................................... 36 9 结论 ............................................................................................................................... 37 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................. 38 致 谢 ................................................................................................................................. 39 附录A ................................................................................................................................. 40
悬点位移程序 .............................................................................................................. 40 附录B ................................................................................................................................. 41
悬点速度程序 .............................................................................................................. 41 附录C ................................................................................................................................. 42
悬点加速度程序 .......................................................................................................... 42 附录D ................................................................................................................................. 43
悬点载荷程序 .............................................................................................................. 43
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