发布时间 : 星期四 文章有机化学B复习题更新完毕开始阅读90d533936edb6f1afe001f6d
四、鉴别题
1.丁烷1-丁炔2-丁炔无明显现象通入Br2/CCl4褪色结晶固体产生1,3-丁二烯丁烷1-丁炔2-丁炔1,3-丁二烯1,3-丁二烯顺丁烯二酸酐苯,白色沉淀无明显现象1-丁炔Ag(NH3)2NO32-丁炔1-丁炔2-丁炔
无明显现象2.无明显现象有银镜生成苯甲醛斐林试剂丙醛2-戊酮3-戊酮I2/NaOH苯甲醛丙醛2-戊酮3-戊酮
苯甲醛丙醛托伦试剂2-戊酮3-戊酮红色沉淀黄色沉淀无明显现象1.1-氯丁烷1-碘丁烷AgNO3/醇白色沉淀黄色沉淀无明显现象1-氯丁烷1-碘丁烷己烷环己烯2.无明显现象褪色褪色无明显现象己烷Br2/CCl4环己烯己烷环己烯白色结晶环己酮环己烯饱和NaHSO3环己酮无明显现象环己烯Br2/CCl4环己醇环己醇环己烯环己醇
五．合成题
1．以苯和乙烯等为原料合成 2－苯基乙醇
+浓H2SO 4ClCl2 ,hvNaOHEtOH1)Br2 ,ROOR2)NaOH/H2OCH2CH2OH或.Br2,FeBr3Mg,干醚MgBr干醚H3+O60℃CH2=CH2O2 , Ag250℃CH2CH2OH CH2—CH2OCOOH混酸 , 加热CH32.Br2 ,FeKMnO4H2SO4BrNO230℃3.CH2=CH2HBrCH3CH2BrO2 , AgMg,干醚CH3CH2MgBr干醚H3+OCH2=CH2 250℃CH2—CH2O9
CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
4.CH3Cl2 ,hvCH2ClMgCH2MgCl1)CH3CHO,干醚2)H2O干醚CH3CH3HNO3H2SO4NO2CH3NaNO2HClBrN2ClBrH3PO2H2OBrBrCH3FeHClNH2CH32Br2FeCH2CHCH3OHCH35.BrNH2Br
CH36. CH3 CH3Cl CH3Cl H2SO4100 SO3HCl2FeCl3SO3H H2O180 CH2BrCl NBSH2ONaOH。CCCH2OHCl。
7.CH2CH2O2,300oCPdCl2-CuCl2CH3CHOOBrCH2CH2CHOCH3CHCH2CH2OCH2CH2CHONaCNBrCH2CH2CHOOBrMgCHCH2CHO8.法一：CH3CHH3O+CH2HOCH2CH2OH干HClCH2CH3CHOCH2干醚Mg/干醚CH2CH2+H3OT.MOMgBrCH2
CH2hvNBSCH2CHBrCH2CH2CHCNCH2CHCOOH法二：CH2CHBrCH2 Mg/干醚CH2CHMgBrCH2CO2CH2CHCOOMgBrCH2H3O+CH2CHCOOHCH2
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9. CH3CCHCH3CCHCH3CH2CH2Br①H2 ，林德拉催化剂②HBr,ROORNaNH2液氨CH3CH2CH2BrCH3CCNaCH3CCCH2CH2CH3H2 , PtTM+CH3CCNa
Cl2H2O10.CH3CHCH3BrCH3CH乙醇KOH,hvCl2CH2ClCH2CHCH2CH2CHCH2ClOHCl
六.推断化合物结构
1. A. CH3OCH3 B. 2-丁炔 C. 环丁烷 D. (CH3)4C E 1,2-二氯乙烷 2．(CH3)3C-N(CH3)2
3．OCH3OCH3 4.A.
C2H5CH3HCCCHCHC2H5D.CH3HCCCHCHHCCH3CCH2CHOCCH3C2H5C.CH3HCCHCCHHCH3B.CHCH2CHCH2CH2CH3HC2H5
HCH3
CH3CH5.A.为CH3CH2CH2CH2C6.A为CH3CHCHCH3CHB为CH3CHCCH3CHCHC为CH3CCH3CHCH3CHCH3
B为CH3CHCH3OH七、立体结构
**答案：CH CH CHCOOH3BrBrCH3O
有2个不同C*，有22=4个异构体。COOHHH2COOHBrBrBrBr2COOHHHHBr2COOHBrHBrH2HBr3333CH32SCH32CH32SCH3S2,3RR,3SⅡ,3R,3RⅣⅠⅢ对映体：Ⅰ和Ⅱ；Ⅲ和Ⅳ非对映体：Ⅰ和Ⅲ ， Ⅳ ；Ⅱ和Ⅲ，Ⅳ外消旋体：Ⅰ和Ⅱ；Ⅲ和Ⅳ无内消旋体
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