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发布时间 : 星期四 文章高中英语语法复习之特殊句式更新完毕开始阅读94c92358964bcf84b9d57bc0

谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时,用It was ? ,其余的时态用It is ? 。 5、not ? until ? 句型的强调句

句型为:It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分 普通句:He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back. 强调句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

注意:此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是强调句型,till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not ? 已经是否定句了,that后面的从句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。 二、.使用倒装句进行强调 三、利用词语进行强调

(1)用very、good and、nice and、强调名词You are the very person for this job.  (2)用right/just强调副词性词组I put that book right here a moment ago.

(3)用on earth、in the world、the hell 、置于疑问词后,表示“到底,究竟”以加强语气。 What on earth is the matter there?那里究竟发生了什么事? (4)用ever系列强调 This is the best ever!

Whatever you do, wherever you go, I will waiting for you .

(5)It is/ was ? that ? 结构不能强调谓语,需要强调谓语时,用助动词do/ does或did。 He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。

Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时,务必(千万)要小心啊! 注意:此种强调只用do/ does和did ,没有别的形式;后面的谓语动词用原形。

D. 省略句

省略是为了使句子更简洁,同时又不影响句子意义的表达。 一、功能词的省略 1、冠词的省略

a) 两个并列的名词前面,第二个可以省略

注意:如果省去冠词会误会为一个人则不省略。 b) 家庭成员后面列举的可以省略

c) 表示独一无二的职位前,这个职业不具体指只是某个人前的冠词,比如总统,主席 2、介词的省略

have difficulty / problem / trouble+(in)+ving spend (in)+ving

there is no use / sense / point +(in)+ v-ing stop / prevent (from)+ v-ing be busy +(in)+ving end up +(by) +ving take turns (at ) +ving

have a good / great /fun /hard / time +(in)+ving

3、连词的省略:not (only)…but(also); that 定语从句,等 二、.句子成分的省略 

1.可省略主语和谓语。

A word about your composition.我现在谈一下你的作文。(省略了Ill say...)

Though tired,he was not disheartened.他虽然累了,但没有泄气。(省略了he was...) 2.可省去从句。

You have done better this time.这一次你做得好些了。(省去从句than you did before) 3.可用不定式to,省去前面提到的谓语动词。

Jack didn’t pass the driving test,but he still hope to.(to后省去了pass) 杰克没有通过驾驶证考试,但他仍希望能通过。

4.可用so,not省略前面提到的事,表肯定与否定。

—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?你认为周末会下雨吗? —I believe not/I believe so.我想不会/我想会的。 (即I don’t believe it’s going to rain)

5.根据不同语境可省略不同成分。如: only if,If only,what so ever, in case 三、句子的省略

1、特殊疑问句的省略。

Where to?去哪里?(=Where are you going to?)

What for?为什么?(例如:What do you come here for?你来这里干什么?) Why not do it?为什么不做那件事呢?(=Why don’t you do it?) How/What about(sb)doing sth.?做某事怎么样? 2、比较从句中的省略 I love classic music more than (I like) rock and roll. He is no longer so shy as (he was) before. 3、在时间状语和条件状语从句中的省略 While (I was) on the street, I came across a friend of mine. If (you are) offered help, never forget to say “Thank you!” If (it is) possible, I would like to go there tomorrow. 4、在其他状语从句中的省略 I won’t go there unless (I am) invited.  Things have turned out just as (they were) expected.  How beautiful ( it is)! 5、在并列从句中的省略 The girls are very hard-working; the boys (are very hard-working) too. The news made some people happy, but (it made) some (other people) sad.  6、命令和请求 No talking! Silent, everybody! 7、特定问题的回答 —Where have you been?—(I’ve been) Out. —Have you been waiting long?—(I’ve been waiting for) About an hour. 8、.简略的提问句 —Tom, go and water the flowers. —Why (do you make) me (water the flowers)? 四、习惯上的省略(没有意义)。

E. 插入语

插入语是为了使语言更具有说服力或者准确,相当于进一步补充说明。他们在结构上与基本局不发生一致、支配、附加等语法关系。通常与句中其它部分没有语法上的联系,将它删掉之后,句子结构仍然完整。

插入语在句中有时是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明或总结;有时表达说话者的态度和看法;有时起强调的作用;有时是为了引起对方的注意;还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用;也可以承上启下,使句子衔接得更紧密一些。

掌握这一语言现象不仅有利于对英语句子等的理解,还有利于提高写作等的水平。插入语的类型较多,常见的如下几种:

一、形容词(短语)作插入语:

true,wonderful,excellent,strange to say,most important of all, sure enough

二、副词(短语)作插入语: indeed,surely,still,otherwise,certainly,however,generally, personally,honestly,fortunately,luckily,though,besides,exactly,perhaps,maybe,probably,frankly,or rather

三、介词短语作插入语:

in fact,in one’s opinion,in general,in a word,in other words,in a few words,of course,by the way,as a result,for example,on the contrary,on the other hand,to one’s surprise,in short,as a matter of fact,in conclusion,in brief

四、V-ing(短语)作插入语:

generally speaking,strictly speaking,judging from by,talking of, considering

五、不定式短语作插入语:

to be frank, to be honest, to be sure, to tell you the truth,

to make matters worse, to sum up, to start with, to begin with

六、句子(陈述句和一般疑问句):

I think / hope / guess / know / believe / suppose, I am sure (我可以肯定地说), that is ( to say )(也就是说), it seems (看来是), as I see it (照我看来), what's more, what's worse, what is important / serious (重要 / 严重的是), I'm afraid (恐怕) , it is said (据说), as we all know (众所周知)

插入句独立性强,一般用标点符号将其与其他句子成分隔开。应当特别注意疑问句的插入句,它一般

为倒装语序且无任何标点符号,而且整个疑问句应当保持陈述语序。 ( 1 ) What should I do first?

What do you think I should do first?

(被插入的疑问句原来为倒装语序,插入后成为陈述语序)

( 2 ) Who is singing?

Who do you think is singing?

(被插入的疑问句原来就是陈述语序,不需要做调整)

F 分隔句式

1.定语从句对主谓结构的分隔

The country life he was used to _____ greatly since the opening policy.

A. changed B. has changed C. changing D. having changed

分析:句中 he was used to 为定语从句,修饰先行词即主句的主语,而不能对其后的谓语起任何作用,因此整个句子缺少谓语动词,故答案为B.

2.定语从句对宾补结构的分隔。

Mr. Green was disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ______ went wrong again. A. repaired B. it repaired C. repairing D. to be repaired

分析:该题考查have sth. done 结构。解此题的难点在于定语从句(that \\which) she had had repaired 把宾语与宾补分隔开来。that \\which 在从句中作宾语被省略了,repaired 作宾语补足语。所以选A.

3. 定语从句对宾语、定语或状语的分隔。

Can you tell me the way you thought of _____ the problem?

A. working at B. to work out C. to work for D. working out

分析:此题考查的是双层定语。即you thought of 为限制性定语从句,to work out the problem 为后置定语,这两部分都用来限制宾语the way .正确答案为B。

4. 定语从句对强调句的分隔

It is near the place ______ there is a bomb _____ we found the dead man.

A. where; where B. where ; that C. that ; where D. that; that

分析:该题考查的是含定语从句的强调结构。where there is bomb 是定语从句,故正确的答案为B。

5. 定语从句对独立结构的分隔。

With everything she needed ______ , she went home happily .

to buy B. buying C. bought D. buy

分析:该题考查with复合结构的用法,其中定语从句(that) she needed 的使用极容易造成错选。正确答案为C。