发布时间 : 星期四 文章自考《英语二》2012年出版最新讲义第五章更新完毕开始阅读9a192f1cf46527d3250ce05a
《英语二》
Unit 5 Keeping Your Dreams Alive Text A Life is Difficult
A Famous Quote
You are never too old to set another goal or to dream a new dream.
—— C. S. Lewis 无论年纪多大，都可以有新目标、新梦想。
—— C. S. 刘易斯 New Words
transcend v. to be or go beyond the usual limits of something 超出，超越（通常的界限） incessantly adj. non-stop 不停地；持续不断地
noisily adv. in the way of making a lot of noise 喧闹地
subtly adv. in the way that is not very noticeable or obvious 不易察觉地；不明显地；微妙地
enormity n. the very great size, effect, etc. of something; the fact of something being very serious 巨大；深远影响；严重性
burden n. a duty, responsibility, etc. that causes worry, difficulty or hard work （义务、责任等的）重担，负担
belief n. a strong feeling that something/somebody exists or is true; confidence that something/somebody is good or right 相信；信心
unique adj. being the only one of its kind; very special or unusual 唯一的；独一无二的；独特的 affliction n. pain and suffering or something that causes it 折磨；痛苦 especially adv. more with one person, thing, etc. than with others, or more in particular circumstances than in others 尤其；特别；格外
tribe n. （in developing countries） a group of people of the same race, and with the same customs, language, religion, etc. living in a particular area and often led by a chief 部落
species n. a group into which animals, plants, etc. that are able to breed with each other and produce healthy young are divided, smaller than a genus and identified by a Latin name 种，物种（分类上小于属） discipline n. the ability to control your behaviour or the way you live, work, etc. 自制力；遵守纪律
confront v. to deal with a problem or difficult situation 处理，解决（问题或困境）
evoke v. to bring a feeling, a memory or an image into your mind 引起，唤起（感情、记忆或形象） grief n. a feeling of great sadness, especially when somebody dies （尤指因某人去世引起的）悲伤，悲痛，伤心
guilt n. the unhappy feelings caused by knowing or thinking that you have done something wrong 内疚；悔恨
anxiety n. the state of feeling nervous or worried that something bad is going to happen 焦虑；忧虑
anguish n. severe pain, mental suffering or unhappiness 剧痛；极度痛苦；苦恼 despair n. the feeling of having lost all hope 绝望
uncomfortable adj. anxious, embarrassed or afraid and unable to relax （使）焦虑的，尴尬的，害怕的，不自在的
physical adj. connected with a person's body rather than their mind 身体的；肉体的；躯体的
equal adj. to be as good as something else or do something to the same standard as somebody else 比════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
《英语二》
得上；敌得过
conflict n. a situation in which people, groups or countries are involved in a serious disagreement or argument 冲突；争执；争论
engender v. to make a feeling or situation exist 产生，引起（某种感觉或情况）
pose v. to create a threat, problem, etc. that has to be dealt with 造成（威胁、问题等）；引起；产生
distinguish v. to recognize the difference between two people or things 区分；辨别；分清
wisdom n. the ability to make sensible decisions and give good advice because of the experience and knowledge that you have 智慧；才智；精明
mentally adv. connected with or happening in the mind 精神上；智力上；思想上
spiritually adv. in the way that is connected with the human spirit, rather than the body or physical things 精神上；心灵上
desire n. to want something; to wish for something 渴望；期望
deliberately adv. done in a way that was planned, not by chance 故意；蓄意；存心 instruct v. to teach somebody something, or show them how to do something 教授；指导
dread v. to be very afraid of something; to fear that something bad is going to happen 非常害怕；极为担心
Phrases and Expressions
moan about to complain about something in a way that other people find annoying 抱怨
a series of several events or things of a similar kind that happen one after the other 一系列；连续
because of for the reason of 因为
as well as in addition to somebody/something; too 除?之外
cutting edge the newest, most advanced stage in the development of something （处于某事物发展的）尖端，最前沿，领先阶段
call forth to produce a particular reaction 引起；使产生 重点词汇
transcend v. to be or go beyond the usual limits of something 超出，超越（通常的界限）
eg: Such matters transcend man's knowledge, i.e. we cannot know about them. 这些问题人类是无法了解的。 衍生
transcendent adj. extremely great; supreme 卓越的；至高无上的 eg: a writer of transcendent genius 杰出的天才作家
burden n. a duty, responsibility, etc. that causes worry, difficulty or hard work （义务、责任等的）重担，负担
eg: bear/carry/shoulder a heavy burden 负有/负起/肩负/重担
affliction n. pain and suffering or something that causes it 折磨；痛苦 eg: help people in affliction 帮助受苦的人 衍生
afflict v. [usu. passive 通常用於被动语态]
~ sb./sth. （with sth.） cause trouble, pain or distress to sb./sth. 使某人/某物苦恼﹑ 疼痛或悲痛 eg: She is afflicted with （i.e. suffers from） arthritis. 她患关节炎。 Severe drought has afflicted the countryside. 严重的干旱使乡村深受其害。 构词
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《英语二》
词根 flict = to strike 打击 afflict v. 折磨 affliction n. 痛苦 conflict n. 冲突 inflict v. 使遭受 infliction n. 痛苦
species n. a group into which animals, plants, etc. that are able to breed with each other and produce healthy young are divided, smaller than a genus and identified by a Latin name 种，物种（分类上小于属） eg: pandas and other endangered species 熊猫和其他濒危物种
confront v. to deal with a problem or difficult situation 处理，解决（问题或困境） be confronted with sth.
eg: Customers are confronted with a bewildering amount of choice. 顾客面临众多选择。 衍生
confrontation n. （instance of） angry opposition 对抗；对抗的事物
eg: a confrontation between the government and the unions 政府与工会之间的对抗
instruct v. to teach somebody something, or show them how to do something 教授；指导 ~ sb. （in sth.）
eg: instruct a class （in history） 教某班级（历史） 衍生
instructor n. person who instructs; trainer 教员；教练；指导员 eg: a driving instructor 驾驶教练
instruction n. ~ （in sth.） process of teaching; knowledge or teaching given （对知识的）教授，传授；（传授的）知识；教导
eg: In this course, students receive instruction in basic engineering. 在本课程中，学生能学到基础工程学的知识。 构词
词根 struct = to build 建造，建立 structure n. 构造，结构 construct v. 建设 construction n. 建设 destruction n. 毁灭
destructive adj. 有破坏力的 instruct v. 指导 instruction n. 教导
superstructure n. 上层建筑 Life Is Difficult P1
Life is difficult.
This is a great truth, one of the greatest truths. It is a great truth because once we truly see this truth we transcend it. Once we truly know that life is difficult — once we truly understand and accept it — then life is no longer difficult. Because once it is accepted, the fact that life is difficult no longer matters. P2
Most people do not fully see this truth that life is difficult.
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《英语二》
P3
Instead they moan more or less incessantly, noisily or subtly, about the enormity of their problems, their burdens, and their difficulties as if life were generally easy, as if life should be easy. They voice their belief, noisily or subtly, that their difficulties represent a unique kind of affliction that should not be and that has somehow been especially visited upon them, or else upon their families, their tribe, their class, their nation, their race, or even their species, and not upon others. I know about this moaning because I have done my share. P4
Life is a series of problems. Do we want to moan about them or solve them? Do we want to teach our children to solve them? P5
Discipline is the basic set of tools we require to solve life's problems. Without discipline we can solve nothing. With only some discipline we can solve only some problems. With total discipline we can solve all problems. P6
What makes life difficult is that the process of confronting and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending upon their nature, evoke in us frustration of grief, sadness, loneliness, guilt, regret, anger, fear, anxiety, anguish, or despair. These are uncomfortable feelings, often very uncomfortable, often as painful as any kind of physical pain, sometimes equaling the very worst kind of physical pain. Indeed, it is because of the pain that events or conflicts engender in us all that we can call them problems. And since life poses an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy. P7
Yet it is in this whole process of meeting and solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the cutting edge that distinguishes between success and failure. Problems call forth our courage and our wisdom; indeed, they create our courage and our wisdom. It is only because of problems that we grow mentally and spiritually. When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit, we challenge and encourage the human capacity to solve problems, just as in school we deliberately set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of confronting and resolving that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, \actually to welcome problems and actually to welcome the pain of problems. 链接
Hold fast to dream ---Langston Hughes
Hold fast to dreams 紧紧抓住梦想 For if dreams die 梦想若是消亡
Life is a broken-winged bird 生命就象鸟儿折了翅膀 That can never fly 再也不能飞翔 Hold fast to dreams 紧紧抓住梦想 For when dreams go 梦想若是消丧
Life is a barren field 生命就象贫瘠的荒野 Frozen only with snow 雪覆冰封，万物不再生长 语法点睛
（一）名词从句
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