发布时间 : 星期六 文章南通市、扬州市2013届高三第三次调研考试英语（学生版）更新完毕开始阅读9a54d155be1e650e52ea9969
南通、扬州2013届高三第二次调研考试
61. In the eyes of the author, ______.
A. Margaret Thatcher was popular among workers throughout the country. B. Margaret Thatcher did not succeed in getting the country back on its feet. C. none of those who hate Margaret Thatcher can rule Britain as well as she did D. it is understandable why disrespect is shown to Margaret Thatcher on her death. 62. The author wrote the passage mainly to ______.
A. defend Margaret Thatcher against blames on her B. honor Margaret Thatcher and her achievements C. call on people to mourn for Margaret Thatcher D. show different opinions about Margaret Thatcher
C
Giant landslides (山崩) have a seismic (地震的) fingerprint that allows researchers to estimate their size, duration, and even how far they travel across the landscape, new research reveals. The finding may be particularly useful in identifying landslides that occur in steep, remote areas where few people live — not because of their immediate effects, but because such slumps (滑坡) can block rivers and impound lakes that could later destroy the natural dams and threaten populated areas downstream.
Seismometers and other such instruments record ground motions occurring at all frequencies (频率), but seismologists typically pay attention to only those in ranges where the signals of earthquakes exist. The first seismic waves caused by quakes and explosions are sharp and distinct, says Goran Ekstrom, a seismologist in Palisades, New York. But the low-frequency waves caused by giant landslides are occasionally hidden in the mix of seismic vibrations (震动) booming through Earth’s crust, too.
Of the 29 largest known landslides worldwide from 1980 through 2012, ground motions from the 27 largest were detected by seismic instruments that were part of a global network of instruments. Seismic vibrations produced by the other two slides showed up well on regional networks.
When Ekstrom and colleague Colin Stark analyzed the seismic data associated with those major landslides, they realized that certain characteristics of the slumps were contained in the ground motions — similar to the way that researchers can use seismic data to estimate the size of a quake and the directions. For instance, when rock falls off a mountainside, the peak is suddenly lighter — so, according to Newton’s laws of motion, the mountain springs upward and away from the falling rock, causing initial ground motions that reveal some characteristics of the landslide.
And because seismic data offer clues about how landslides unfold, it hay help researchers develop better models of how landslides behave. “People merely see large landslides happen; they typically only see the aftereffects,” Ekstrom notes.
Indeed, Ekstrom aril Stark’s analysis revealed that a set of landslides that fell onto the Siachen Glacier near the India-Pakistan border in September 2010 actually included seven slides that occurred over a period of 4 days. “If we’d only seen this deposit in the field, we’d likely have thought it was formed by one or two landslides,” Ekstrom says.
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南通、扬州2013届高三第二次调研考试
Although some landslides fortunately don’t affect people immediately, they can have long-term effects. If researchers have a way to identify such landslides quickly, they can possibly minimize damage and loss of life.
63. What is the particular use of the finding mentioned in the passage?
A. Clarifying the reasons to identify landslides. B. Finding the possible directions of landslides.
C. Judging where landslides occur and how long they may last. D. Confirming the lonely sites and potential effects of landslides.
64. According to the passage, seismic waves caused by giant landslides ______.
A. are at high frequency B. are sharp and distinct
C. might hardly be discovered D. may occur at all frequencies
65. What can help scientists figure out the size and direction of a landslide?
A. Ground motions.
B. Newton’s laws of motion. C. The falling rock.
D. The lighter mountain peak.
66. We can infer from the passage that ______.
A. damage and loss of life from giant landslides are unavoidable B. landslides can all be detected by instruments over the world C. landslides have never been seen when they occur D. deposit can tell scientists the number of landslides
D
Carrier Pigeons
People have used pigeons to carry messages to one another for hundreds of years. In fact, pigeons were a common way to send messages right up through World War II.
In 1815, an English banker named Nathan Rothschild made his fortune by relying on messages sent to him by carrier pigeons. English troops were fighting Napoleon’s forces in France, and the English were believed to be losing. A financial panic gripped London. Government bonds were offered at low prices. Few people noticed that Rothschild was snapping up these bonds when everyone else was desperately trying to sell them. A few days later, London learned the truth; the Duke of Wellington had defeated Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. The value of the bonds went up, and Rothschild became extremely wealthy — all because his pigeons had brought him news of the victory before anyone else knew of it.
Most of the time, however, carrier pigeons were used to benefit an entire country, not just one individual. The United States, England, France, Germany, and Italy, in both World WarⅠand World WarⅡ, used carrier pigeons. Not only were the birds often the fastest, most reliable way to send messages, they could also be used to reach soldiers far behind enemy lines, where radios and field telephone lines were useless. Since they could easily be released from airplanes or ships, every branch of the armed services used the birds. In World WarⅡ, more than 3,000 soldiers and
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南通、扬州2013届高三第二次调研考试
150 officers were needed to care for and train the tens of thousands of birds in the U.S. Pigeon Service.
Carrying messages could be a dangerous job. Some pigeons performed with such bravery that they became famous and were even awarded medals, such as England’s Dicken Medal of Gallantly. In a few cases, pigeons even became prisoners of war. In 1918 American forces captured a pigeon named The Kaiser, which had been trained to fly special missions for Germany during battle. He was taken to America, where he lived to the age of 32.
The most famous pigeon of all may have been Cher Ami. Stationed in France during World War I, he carried twelve important messages for American forces. On his last mission, though wounded, he carried a message that saved the lives of 194 American soldiers. For his extraordinary service, he was awarded the French “Croix de Guerre”.
Carrier pigeons are a slightly different breed from the kind of pigeon you see on city streets. They are much thinner and taller, with longer legs. Many people find carrier pigeons ugly because of their big wattle, a knobby buildup of skin on the beak; however, people who raise pigeons often enjoy this odd appearance and consider carriers the best of their breeds.
Today, modern communication methods can carry information from one place to another hundreds of times faster than a pigeon could do it. However, few people would argue with the fact that carrier pigeons — especially those that served in the military (军队) — have earned their place in history. Stories about brave pigeons such as Cher Ami, President Wilson, and Colonel’s Lady have the power to inspire us as no fax machine or high-speed Internet connection could ever do.
67. The author provides specific dates throughout the passage in order to ______.
A. make a comparison between pigeons in different periods B. describe the development of use of pigeons during wartime C. indicate greater importance of pigeons in the past than now D. show the impact of carrier pigeons at particular points in history 68. The underlined phrase “snapping up” in Paragraph 2 means “______”.
A. giving away B. putting aside C. getting in D. using up 69. The passage leads us to believe that ______.
A. there were more civil carrier pigeons than military ones during wartime B. not all types of pigeon can be used to carry messages for human beings C. nobody could succeed in stopping carrier pigeons carrying out their tasks D. modern devices give us even greater enthusiasm than the famous pigeons 70. The passage suggests the successful use of carrier pigeons depends on
A. their nature B. proper training C. their quality D. the geography 第四部分：任务型阅读
You say you want to be alone? Think again. Researchers have found that older people with fewer human contacts are more likely to die — even if they’re happy in their isolation (孤立状态) — than people with richer social lives. The study adds to the debate over whether loneliness, social isolation, or some combination of the two leads to higher death rate.
Social isolation is an objective condition in which people have little communication with
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南通、扬州2013届高三第二次调研考试
others. Loneliness, on the other hand, is an emotional state felt by people who are dissatisfied with their social connections.
To find out the effects of being alone versus (比对) just feeling lonely, Steptoe of University College London and his colleagues examined data from 6500 Britons aged 50 and up who had filled out questionnaires evaluating their levels of loneliness.
The most socially isolated subjects had a 26% greater risk of dying, even when sex, age, and other factors linked to survival were taken into account, the researchers report online today. They then made changes about their model to determine whether the connection to death was due to the fact that isolated people are often lonely. It wasn’t.
The researchers then explored the connection between loneliness itself and death. Intense loneliness also appeared to raise the risk of death by 26% — until the team took into account a host of other factors linked to survival, including wealth, education, and the presence of health problems. Once their impact had been explained, the scientists discovered that loneliness on its own didn’t make people more vulnerable (脆弱的) to death.
The researchers suspect that older people who have few social ties may not be getting the care they need. No one is urging them to eat right or take their medicine, and in a crisis no one is there to help.
Other researchers praise the new work as rigorous (严密的) and well-controlled. But they say it’s far from clear that social isolation, not loneliness, is always the real cause of increased death rate.
Other studies, including an analysis of older Americans led by John Cacioppo, a psychology professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, have shown a link between loneliness and a higher death rate. Cacioppo suspects that the disagreement between his study and the new research could lie with cultural differences between Steptoe’s British subjects and Americans, and that Britons and Americans may define friends differently, too.
Health psychologist Bert Uchino of the University of Utah praises the new study, but he says that researchers are still far from understanding how those two factors affect one another and other health-related behaviors. Dangers of Isolation Passage outline Supporting details The finding of a ● Social isolation may __71__ older people’s risk of death. new study and ● More __72__ is caused over older people’s higher death rate. its impact The differences ● Social isolation means that people hardly __73__ with others or stay between social alone. isolation and ● Loneliness means that people are not satisfied with their social loneliness connections or __74__ lonely. ● The isolation actually led to a greater risk of dying, but __75__ itself The conclusion couldn’t cause the higher death rate. of the research ● The cause of higher death rate might lie in their lack of good care and timely __76__. 第 8 页 共 9 页
南通、扬州2013届高三第二次调研考试
● It was still __78__ that social isolation rather than loneliness is the real cause of higher death rate. The __77__ ● Cultural differences between Britons and Americans might explain the of other __79__ result of the study by John Cacioppo. researchers ● There is still a long way to go before they __80__ how those two factors affect one another. 第五部分：书面表达
生活中不文明的现象时有出现。假设你班同学在公共场所有不文明的行为，请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，向某英文报投稿。 简要摘述不文明现象 喧哗、插队、抢座位，等等。 1、缺少公德心； 分析这些规象的原因 2、……； 谈谈如何做到讲文明 （请考生根据自己的经历成感想提出至少两种做法） 注意:
1、对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。 2、词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
3、作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 4、参考词汇: uncivilized adj.不文明的; morals [pl.]道德心
Uncivilized behavior can often be found in everyday life.
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