发布时间 : 星期日 文章2020届高考英语二轮复习语法突破09：【情态动词】【带答案】更新完毕开始阅读9aba0744b968a98271fe910ef12d2af90242a8c4
2020届高考英语二轮复习语法突破09【情态动词】
考点一 情态动词的基本用法
一、can和could的用法
1．表示“能力”，意为“能，会”。
例：Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach the books on the top shelf.
Samuel是我们班最高的男孩，他能轻易地够着书架顶层的书。 It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying. 过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。
注意:was/were able to表示过去有能力做并成功做了某事,相当于: managed to do sth./succeeded in doing sth.。 2．表示推测，意为“可能”，用于否定句或疑问句中。can比could语气强。
例：That can’t be Mary—she is in London now. 那不可能是玛丽——现在她在伦敦。 3．表示理论上的可能性，意为“有时候可能会”，用于肯定句。
例：In today’s information age, the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company.
在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。
4．表示礼貌地请求，意为“能，可以”。在疑问句中could可代替can, 语气更委婉。
例：—Can you tell us your recipe for happiness and a long life?
—你能告诉我们你的幸福和长寿的秘诀吗？ —Living every day to the full, definitely. —当然是过好每一天。
5．用于固定句式中：can’t...too/enough “无论……也不过分”；“越……越好……”。
例：I can’t thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. 我非常感谢你在我们不在家时对我儿子的帮助。
二、may和might的用法
1．表示许可和请求，在疑问句中might比may的语气更委婉。
例：Might/May I have a word with you? It won’t take long.
我可以和你说句话吗？不会耽误你很长时间。
2．表示推测，意为“可能，或许”，通常用于肯定句和否定句中。
例：If you forgot to turn it off when you went away, you might burn down the house. 当你离开时如果忘记关掉它，你可能把整个房子都烧毁了。 3．用于固定句式：may as well＋动词原形 “最好；倒不如……”
例：Since it is raining hard, you may as well stay here.
既然雨下得这么大，你倒不如待在这儿。
三、must的用法
1．表示义务、必要性等，意为“必须”。其否定式mustn’t 意为“禁止”。
例：We must act as quickly as possible now. Just tell us whether you can undertake the task or not.
现在我们必须尽快采取行动。你就告诉我们你能否承担这项任务。
2．表示猜测、推测，意为“想必，一定”。must常用于肯定句中，表示猜测。对现在或未来的事进行猜测时，用must do；对正在进行的事进行猜测，用must be doing；对已经发生的事进行猜测时，用must have done。
例：You must be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
你一定是卡罗尔。这么多年你一点都没变。
3．表示偏执，固执，意为“非得，偏要”。
例：If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.
如果你非要走，至少要等到暴风雨停了。
四、shall的用法
1．用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。
例：Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow?
要我告诉布雷特明天放学后直接过来吗？
2．用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。
例：One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school.
我们有一条规定，那就是每名学生在校期间都必须穿校服。
五、should 的用法
1．表示劝告和建议，意为“应该”。
例：I don’t think you should give up the opportunity to go to university which you have been dreaming about.
我认为你不应该放弃你一直以来梦想的上大学的机会。
2．表示推测、可能性、或预期，意为“应该；可能”。
例：He should be here on time—he started early enough.
他应该按时到这里的——他很早就出发了。
3．用于表示感情或意志等的that从句中，意为“竟然……；居然……”。
例：It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, should bring me food.
让我难过的是，如此贫穷的他们竟然给我带来了食物。
六、will和would的用法
1．表示意志或意愿。will指现在，would指过去。
例：I have told him again and again to stop smoking, but he will not listen.
我已再三告诉他戒烟，但是他就是不听。
例：Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but wouldn’t say where he was.
几天后，我哥哥打电话说他一切都好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。
2．表示习惯性动作，意为“总是”，will指现在，would指过去。
例：I still remember my happy childhood when my mother would take me to Disneyland at weekends.
我仍旧记得快乐的童年，那时我妈妈经常在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。
3．表示征求意见或提出请求，多用于第二人称疑问句中。would比will语气委婉。
例：Will/Would you please let me have a look at your new watch?
请让我看看你的新表好吗？
七、need的用法
need表示必要性，常用于疑问句和否定句中，needn’t表示“不必”。need 作实义动词时，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，有人称、数和时态的变化；其后可接名词、代词、带to的不定式或动名词作宾语。
例：My room is a mess, but I needn’t clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
我的房间里乱糟糟的，不过我今天晚上出门之前没必要打扫，我可以上午再打扫。 Since you know it already, we don’t need to keep it a secret. 既然你已经知道了，我们就没有必要保密了。
八、dare的用法
dare意为“敢，敢于”，没有人称、数和时态的变化，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，后接动词原形。作实义动词时，在肯定句中通常接带to的不定式，在疑问句和否定句中，dare之后的不定式可省略。
例：How dare you leave your home without your parents’ permission?
在没有征得你父母的同意的情况下你怎么敢离开家？ Most people hate Harry but they don’t dare to say so. 大多数人对哈利敢怒不敢言。
考点二 情态动词＋have done
must have done can/could 对过去的推测 [来源学科网Z,X,X,K][来源学&科&网][来源学*科一定做过某事(肯定句) 过去不可能做过……(否定句) 过去可能做过……吗？(疑问句) 过去可能做过……(肯定句) 过去可能没有做过……(否定句) 本来能够做但却未做(肯定句) 本来应该做但是实际上未做 *网Z*X*X*K] have done[来源学科网ZXXK][来源:Z_xx_k.Com]may/might have done 对过去情况的后悔、遗could have done should have done
憾或责备 shouldn’t have done needn’t have done
本来不应该做而实际上做了 本来没必要做却做了 例：The children must have got lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the
lakeside camp as scheduled.
孩子们一定在森林里迷路了；否则，他们会按照计划在湖边露营。 —Sorry, Mum！I failed the job interview again. —对不起，妈妈！我工作面试又失败了。
—Oh, it’s too bad. You should have made full preparations. —哦，太糟糕了。你本应该做好充足的准备。
高考英语二轮复习语法突破09【情态动词】专项训练题
I.高考真题在线(情态动词和虚拟语气)
1. (语法填空) What a pity!You missed the sightseeing, or we________ (have) a good time together.
2. (语法填空) If we ________(catch) the flight yesterday，we would been joying our holiday on the beach now. 3. (语法填空) I can't find my purse.I have left it in the super market yesterday, but I’m not sure.
4. (单句改错) There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I have a second chance to become more involved. 5. (单句改错) They might have found a better hotel if they have driven a few more kilometers. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(情态动词和虚拟语气)
1. It is a rule that public schools ________provide adequate and safe sports facilities. 2. But for the pouring rain, we________ (have) a pleasant journey last weekend.
3. I’ve ordered pizza from the nearest store across the street in advance, so we________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
4. It's high time that he ________(do) something instead of just talking. 5. —Tell me your secret.
—I ________. It wouldn't be a secret if I told you. 6. She insisted that I ________(book) seats in advance.
7. Don't play with the dog, Jack, for it________ be dangerous at times. 8. I didn't know that he was a cheat, or else I ________(believe) him. 9. We pray for those who died—________ they rest in peace.
10. Please wait a little longer! If they had left home in the early morning, they________ (arrive) in half an hour.