发布时间 : 星期五 文章单片机课程设计报告（万年历） - 图文更新完毕开始阅读9f121058ccbff121dc368334
江西财经大学职业技术学院 单片机课程设计报告
目 录
一、摘要·········································································2 二、设计任务.····································································4 三、总体方案设计与论证···························································4
1、液晶显示模块·····························································4 2、实时时间计算模块·························································5 3、实时环境温度采集模块·····················································5
4、报警模块······························································6
5、设置模块······························································6 四、总体方案组成框图··························································7 五、系统硬件设计·····························································8
1、LCD显示模块··························································8 2、实时时间计算模块······················································12 3、实时环境温度检测模块·················································16 4、报警模块·····························································21 5、设置模块·····························································22 六、系统软件设计····························································23 七、系统硬件电路设计························································24 八、系统硬件PROTEUS仿真原理图············································25 九、系统硬件仿真运行情况图··················································26 1、显示欢迎界面·························································26 2、显示实时时间··························································26 3、显示当前温度··························································27 4、时间设置······························································27 5、最高报警温度设置······················································28 6、闹钟时间设置··························································28 7、超温··································································29 8、闹钟时间到····························································29 附录一：实物图······························································30 附录二：PCB图······························································32 附录三：源程序代码···························································33 附录四：参考文献····························································62
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江西财经大学职业技术学院 单片机课程设计报告
摘 要
单片机就是微控制器，是面向应用对象设计、突出控制功能的芯片。单片机接上晶振、复位电路和相应的接口电路，装载软件后就可以构成单片机应用系统。将它嵌入到形形色色的应用系统中，就构成了众多产品、设备的智能化核心。本设计就是应用单片机强大的控制功能制作而成的电子万年历，该电子万年历包括三大功能：实时显示年、月、日、时、分、秒；实时监测环境温度（可根据需要启动高温报警功能）；电子闹钟。M bn
本设计采用的是AT89S52单片机，该单片机采用的MCU51内核，因此具有很好的兼容性，内部带有8KB的ROM，能够存储大量的程序，最突出特点是具有ISP在系统烧写功能，使得烧写程序更加方便。
计时芯片采用DALLAS公司的涓细充电时钟芯片DS1302，该芯片通过简单的串行通信与单片机进行通信，时钟/日历电路能够实时提供年、月、日、时分、秒信息，采用双电源供电，当外部电源掉电时能够利用后备电池准确计时。
温度检测采用DALLAS公司的数字化温度传感器，该芯片采用的是独特的“一线总线”的方式与单片机进行通信，一线总线独特而且经济的特点，是用户可以轻松的组建传感器网络，为测量系统的构建引入全新的概念。实时温度采用一线总线的方式传输大大的提高了信号的抗干扰性，分辨率可通过软件设置，其小巧的体积为各种环境下测量温度提供了方便。
显示器件采用通用型1602液晶，可显示32个字符，如果使用数
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江西财经大学职业技术学院 单片机课程设计报告
码管来做显示器件需消耗大量的系统资源，因此采用低功耗的1602液晶，该液晶显示方便，功能强大，完全能满足数字万年历的显示要求。
通过此次设计能够更加牢固的掌握单片机的应用技术，增强动手能力、硬件设计能力以及软件设计能力。
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江西财经大学职业技术学院 单片机课程设计报告
设计任务
1、设计任务：利用单片机、时钟芯片DS1302、温度传感器DS18B20、1602液晶等实现日期、时间、温度的显示即一个简单的万年历。 2、设计要求
（1）通过DS1302能够准确的计时，时间可调并在液晶上显示出来。 （2）通过DS18B20能够实时、准确的检测当前环境温度。 （3）利用单片机自身功能实现闹钟。
总体方案论证与设计
本系统以AT89S52单片机为控制核心，通过与DS1302和DS18B20通信获取实时时间和实时环境温度，并将得到的数据通过1602液晶显示出来，同时通过相应的按键调整相应的值。因此本设计可分为一下模块：显示模块、实时时间计算模块、实时环境温度采集模块、报警模块、设置模块（时间设置模块、最高温度设置模块、闹钟设置模块）。下面对各个模块逐一进行论证分析： 1、 液晶显示模块
方案（1）:数码管是利用发光二极管的特性组合而成数字显示器件，通过控制相应的二
极管的状态显示相应的数字。要使数码管正常显示就得有驱动电路驱动相应的段码，数码管的现实方式可分为静态显示和动态显示，静态显示方式只适合显示单个的数字，因此本设计应采用动态显示方式。由于动态显示方式利用的是人眼视觉暂留的特性，扫描的时间应不大于20毫秒，占用系统资源大，而且显示的个数和字型有限，在本设计中不易采用。
方案（2）：1602液晶也叫1602字符型液晶 它是一种专门用来显示字母、数字、符号等
的点阵型液晶模块 它有若干个5X7或者5X11等点阵字符位组成，每个点阵字符位都可以
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