发布时间 : 星期六 文章新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后答案Unit4更新完毕开始阅读a51ac6fb5a8102d277a22f41
2. She congratulated him on the birth of his son. 她祝贺他喜得贵子。 CF: celebrate, congratulate
这两个动词均有―庆祝，祝贺‖之意。
celebrate 通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面。
congratulate 指对他人祝贺为目的，希望他人幸福或走运。
despite prep. fml in spite of; not prevented by〖正式〗不管；尽管，任凭
e.g. 1. She went on with her training despite the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.
2. Despite a thorough investigation, no trace of Dr Southwell has been found. 尽管进行了彻底的调查，还是没有发现索思韦尔博士的任何踪迹。 Collocation:
despite oneself 不由自主地；身不由己地
e.g. Despite herself Fran felt a ripple of appreciation for his beauty.
弗兰不由自主地欣赏他的勃勃英姿。 CF: despite, in spite of, notwithstanding
这些前置词或前置短语都含有―虽然，尽管‖之意。
despite 书面用词，指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍，语气轻于in spite of。
in spite of 在这些词中语气最强，可与despite换用，口语或书面语中均可使用。 notwithstanding 语气最弱，仅表示一种障碍的存在。
fake a. made and intended to deceive假（装）的，冒充的，伪造的
e.g. 1. She likes to wear fake diamond necklaces and always keeps the real ones in her safe.
2. He looked like a postman but he was really a fake one. 他看上去像个邮递员，但实际上是个骗子。 CF: fake, false
这两个形容词都含有―假的‖之意。 fake 指某物不是真的。
false 指某物与真的相像，强调看上去像真的，不一定用作冒充、谎骗。
grip n. a very tight, forceful hold紧握
e.g. 1. Don’t loosen your grip on the rope or you’ll fall.
2. To improve your tennis strokes you try using a different grip. 为了提高你网球的击球法，你试试用另一种握拍方法。 Collocation:
come / get to grips with 与……战斗
e.g. British forces never came to grips with the enemy.
英国部队从未与敌人交过手。
get a grip （非正式）保持（或恢复）自控能力，控制住自己 e.g. Get a grip, guys!
冷静点，伙计们。
get / take a grip on 控制，支配
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e.g. Hypochondria began to take a grip on him.
他开始陷入莫名的忧郁之中。
in the grip of 受……的控制（或支配） e.g. Britain was in the grip of a nostalgia boom.
英国笼罩着日趋浓厚的怀旧氛围。
CF: take, grasp, grab, grip, clasp, clutch, snatch, seize 这些动词均有―抓住，握紧‖之意。
take 最普通用词，不带感情色彩。指用手抓、取某东西或控制某物。 grasp 指紧紧抓住、抓牢。 grab 指粗暴而急迫的抓住。
grip 语气比grasp强，指用手的最大力量紧紧抓住。 clasp 指用手紧握或用臂紧抱。
clutch 强调匆忙、紧急地抓、抓紧。
snatch 指突然抢走，侧重动作更快或更具暴力性质。 seize 指突然抓住某物，强调突然的猛烈动作。
melt down make (a metal object) liquid by heating, esp. so as to use the metal again熔化掉(金属物)
e.g. 1. During wartime many of the city’s bronze statues were melted down and used to make weapons.
2. A lot of scrap metal can be melted down and used again. 大量金属碎片可以熔化进行再利用。
Difficult Sentences for Text A
1) While I was going over on the boat, all I could think about was taking home one or two of
those gold medals. (Para. 2)
Q：What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?
A：Since I had made sufficient preparation for the Games by training and disciplining myself
for six years, I was fully confident of winning in the Games. Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：我乘船渡海，所思所想的就是夺一两枚金牌回家。
2) I was in for a surprise. (Para. 3)
Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：When everyone believed I would easily win the gold medal, and while I myself was fully
confident, I was going to be shocked by the real challenge: a German athlete who performed so well that he stood a good chance of winning the gold medal in the running broad jump. It turned out that Hitler, for the sake of his political purpose, had intentionally kept this athlete unknown to the world. Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese. A：事情却令我措手不及。
3) You should be able to qualify with your eyes closed. (Para. 11)
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Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：I know the trials are only too easy for you, so what stands in your way of qualifying for the finals is not lack of competence but something emotional. Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese. A：你本来闭着眼睛也能获得决赛资格。
4) We laughed over the fact that he really looked the part, though. (Para. 13) Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：In stature(身高) and appearance he did look the very image of the perfect Aryan portrayed
in Nazi propaganda, which we both found amusing, given that neither of us believed in Hitler’s Aryan-superiority theory.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：当然，他看起来的确很有优势，这一事实让我俩开怀大笑。
5) But I knew that he wanted me to do my best—even if that meant my winning.(Para. 17) Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：In Long’s eyes, taking part and doing one’s best was far more important than winning the gold medal. Even if he knew that he would lose the gold medal if I won, he still cherished the hope that I would try my best and achieve my peak performance in the finals the next day.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：但是，我知道他希望我发挥最佳水平—— 即使这意味着将夺冠的是我。
6) …it wasn’t a fake ―smile with a broken heart‖ sort of grip,…(Para. 18) Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：Long congratulated me with genuine happiness. He was not jealous of my achievements
but very truly pleased and proud of me. Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：这一握绝非那种―伤心欲绝却强颜欢笑‖的虚情假意。
Extended Questions
▇ Extended questions (Paras.1-2) Q: What does ―master race‖ mean?
A: A master race is a race of people who believe that they are superior to all other races and therefore have the right to control or rule over others. Hitler and the Nazis believed that the Aryan race, to which Germans belonged, were the master race.
▇ Extended questions (Paras.3-4)
Q: What do you think of Hitler’s intention of keeping Luz Long under wraps?
A: I think it was a crafty plot of Hitler’s. He meant to take advantage of the Olympic Games to prove his Aryan-superiority theory and his intention of making athletes serve his political purpose ran counter to the Olympic spirit.
▇ Extended questions (Paras.13-14)
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Q: What do you think of Long’s coming to encourage Owens, a rival player?
A: Despite the fact that Hitler was advocating his ―Aryan-superiority‖ theory, Long came to see his rival competitor, a black athlete, and tried to encourage him. It was indeed an act of bravery and good sportsmanship. He displayed admirable courage, generosity and altruistic spirit.
▇ Extended questions (Paras.17-18)
Q: What can you learn from the friendship and rivalry between Long and Owens?
A: As a friend, Long helped and encouraged Owens, pushing him on to a peak performance. Besides, after Owens set a new world record, Long expressed his sincere congratulations. It was a totally altruistic act. On the other hand, as rivals, both Owens and Long tried to bring out their best in the competition. Their rivalry reveals their keen sense of fair play as well as good sportsmanship, which accords well with the fundamental principles of the Olympic Games.
▇ Extended questions (Para.19)
Q: How do you understand what Pierre de Coubertin said about the Olympic Games?
A: Participation is more meaningful than winning gold medals because if participation is valued, athletes will focus on bringing out their best instead of having their eyes on the medals only. It is also true of life where our goal does not lie in the final conquest but in the process of fighting. We derive more happiness from the process rather than from the end result. Section C Voicing Your Views
▇ Numerous athletes in the Olympic history have inspired us in various ways. Their greatness does not lie in the number of gold medals they have won but in the spirit they have displayed. Work in groups and do the following tasks.
1. Tell a story about such an athlete or an athletic team. For example: At the 2008 Summer Olympics, Pavle Kostov and his Croatian teammates Petar Cupa?, Ivan Bulaja made a spectacular decision during the final sailing race. When Danish sailors Jonas Warrer and Martin Kirketerp were about to win the gold medal, their mast broke in high winds on the way to the start line of the final race. The Croatian team lent their boat to the Danes, who went on to win a gold medal. This inspiring story demonstrates the Croatian team’s good sportsmanship, and for this, Pavle Kostov and his teammates won the Pierre de Coubertin medal in November, 2008. Answers for reference: Open.
2. Discuss what qualities are demonstrated by the athletes mentioned in your group and then explain what is meant by the Olympic spirit. Here are some hints: They have such qualities as In our eyes, the Olympic spirit highlights 1) passionate love for sports; 1) cooperation and teamwork; 2) utmost efforts to do well; 2) mutual understanding with a spirit of 3) an acute sense of fair play; friendship, solidarity and fair play; 4) a strong will to overcome difficulties; 3) the will to build a peaceful and better world; 5) good wish to promote world peace; 4) the concept of being 16